BACKGROUND & AIMS:
BACKGROUND:Calcium may be mobilized from the maternal skeleton during pregnancy, which may be influenced by several factors.
OBJECTIVE:The objective was to investigate changes in bone mineral status and size during pregnancy and to consider the influences of body weight and calcium intake.
DESIGN:Thirty-four British women were studied before pregnancy and 2 wk postpartum (Preg). Eighty-four nonpregnant, nonlactating (NPNL) women were studied over a corresponding time. Bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), areal bone mineral density (aBMD), and BA-adjusted BMC of the whole-body, lumbar spine, radius, and hip were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
RESULTS:The Preg group experienced significant decreases in BMC, aBMD, and BA-adjusted BMC at the whole-body, spine, and total hip of between 1% and 4%. Whole-body BMC increased in the NPNL group, and aBMD and BA-adjusted BMC decreased at the spine and hip by 0.5% to 1%. Whole-body BMC decreased in the Preg group by -2.16 +/- 0.46%, equivalent to -2.71 +/- 0.43% relative to the NPNL group (P < or = 0.001). Weight change was a positive predictor of skeletal change at the spine, hip, and radius in both groups. Differences between the Preg and NPNL groups in change in BA-adjusted BMC, after correction for weight change and other influences, were as follows (P < or = 0.01): whole-body, -1.70 +/- 0.25%; spine, -3.03 +/- 0.72%; and total hip, -1.87 +/- 0.60%. Calcium intake was not a significant predictor of skeletal change in either group.
CONCLUSIONS:Pregnancy is associated with decreases in whole-body and regional bone mineral status sufficient to make a sizeable contribution to maternal and fetal calcium economy. Calcium intake is not a significant predictor of the skeletal response to pregnancy in well-nourished women.
背景与目标:
背景:孕妇在怀孕期间可能会从母体骨骼中吸收钙,这可能受到多种因素的影响。
目的:研究怀孕期间骨矿物质状态和大小的变化,并考虑体重和钙摄入量的影响。
设计:对34名英国妇女在怀孕前和产后2周进行了研究(Preg)。在相应的时间里研究了84名未怀孕,不哺乳(NPNL)的妇女。通过双能X射线吸收法测量全身,腰椎,radius骨和臀部的骨矿物质含量(BMC),骨面积(BA),面骨矿物质密度(aBMD)和BA调整后的BMC。
结果:Preg组的全身,脊柱和全髋关节的BMC,aBMD和BA调整后的BMC明显降低了1%至4%。 NPNL组的全身BMC升高,而脊柱和髋部的aBMD和BA调整后的BMC降低了0.5%至1%。 Preg组的全身BMC相对于NPNL组降低了-2.16 /-0.46%,相当于-2.71 /-0.43%(P <或= 0.001)。体重变化是两组脊柱,臀部和radius骨骨骼变化的积极预测指标。校正体重变化和其他影响后,Breg调整后的BMC的Preg组和NPNL组之间的变化差异如下(P <或= 0.01):全身,-1.70 /-0.25%;脊柱-3.03 /-0.72%;和整个臀部,-1.87 /-0.60%。钙摄入量不是两组中骨骼变化的重要预测指标。
结论:妊娠与全身和区域性骨矿物质状态的降低有关,足以为母体和胎儿的钙经济做出可观的贡献。钙摄入量不是营养丰富的女性对怀孕骨骼反应的重要预测指标。