神经
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
radial 英 [ˈreɪdiəl] 美 [ˈreɪdiəl]
释 义 adj. 放射状的;辐射状的
同根词 irradiate v.发光;(光)漫射
radial adj. 放射的;半径的
radiance n. 发光;喜悦
radiant adj. 发光的
radiate v. 发出(光或热);流露
radiation n. 辐射;辐射能
例 句 The method to analyze the pressure gradient with mean radial velocity isused. 本文提出了利用平均径向速速分析压力梯度的方法。
nerve 英 [nɜːv] 美 [nɝv]
释 义 n. 神经;勇气;[植] 叶脉 vt. 鼓起勇气
同根词 nervous adj. 神经的;紧张不安的;强健有力的
nervy adj. 有勇气的;易激动的;紧张不安的
nervously adv.神经质地;焦急地;提心吊胆地
nervily adv.大胆地;强壮地;神经过敏地
nervousness n.神经质;[心理] 神经过敏;紧张不安
nervure n.叶脉;[昆] 翅脉
例 句 I have the nerve to do it ! 我有勇气去做这件事情。
palsy 英 ['pɔːlzɪ; 'pɒl-] 美 ['pɔlzi]
释 义 n. 麻痹,麻痹状态;中风 vt. 麻痹;使瘫痪
同根词 palsied adj.中风的;颤抖的
palsied v.瘫痪;麻痹(palsy的过去式)
例 句 The incidence rate of conscious disturbance and death increase in patients with gaze palsy. 伴有凝视麻痹的患者,意识障碍和死亡的发生率增高。
概述
概述
桡神经发自臂丛后束,由C5~T1的神经根纤维组成,其运动支支配肱三头肌、旋后肌、肘肌、肱桡肌、桡侧腕长、短伸肌、尺侧腕伸肌、指总伸肌、示指和小指固有伸肌、拇长展肌和拇长、短伸肌,主要功能是伸肘、伸腕及伸指;感觉支分布于上臂、前臂背侧及手背、手指近端背面桡侧半。
病因
桡神经是臂丛神经中最易受损伤的一支,病因甚多。腋部或上肢受压、感染、肩关节脱臼、肱、桡骨骨折、上肢贯通伤、铅、乙醇中毒、手术时上臂长时间过度外展或新生儿脐带绕上臂均可造成桡神经受损。
临床表现
①高位损伤在腋下桡神经发出胧三头肌分支以上部位受损时,产生完全性桡神经麻痹症状,上肢各伸肌完全瘫痪,肘关节、腕关节、掌指关节皆不能伸直,前臂于伸直时不能旋后,手通常处于旋前位。并因肱桡肌瘫痪而使前臂在半旋前位不能屈曲肘关节。垂腕使腕关节不能固定而致握力减退,并有伸指和伸拇肌瘫痪。②肱骨中损伤发出肱三头肌分支以下部位损伤,肱三头肌功能正常,其他体征同前。③若损伤肱骨下端或前臂上,肱桡肌、旋后肌、伸腕肌的功能保存。④前臂中以下损伤则仅有伸指功能丧失而无垂腕,因伸腕肌的分支已在前臂上部发出。⑤如损伤接近腕关节处,因各运动支均己发出,可不产生桡神经麻痹症状。桡神经感觉支虽分布在上臂、前臂、手和手指的背面,但因临近的神经重叠,所以感觉障碍仅限于在手背的拇指和第一、二掌骨间的“虎口区。”
诊断
根据肘、腕、指不能伸直,拇指伸直外展不能,伴手背桡侧及拇、示指背侧近端感觉减退,临床诊断不难。
治疗
主要为病因治疗及营养神经。桡神经有良好的再生能力,治疗后功能恢复较其他上肢神经为佳。桡神经麻痹的治疗一般采用大剂量的B族维生素、血管扩张剂、能量合剂。此外,加用激素可减轻桡神经的炎症反应,改善症状,缩短病程;物理疗法有利于炎症的消散,神经的局部血液循环, 促进神经功能的恢复和再生的作用。
Intraneural Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections for the Treatment of Radial Nerve Section: A Case Report复制标题
神经内注射富血小板血浆治疗桡神经段1例
发表时间:2018-01-29
影响指数:5.6
作者: Unai García de Cortázar
期刊:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Abstract: The radial nerve is the most frequently injured nerve in the upper extremity. Numerous options in treatment have been described for radial nerve injury, such as neurolysis, nerve grafts, or tendon transfers. Currently, new treatment options are arising, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous product with proved therapeutic effect for various musculoskeletal disorders. We hypothesized that this treatment is a promising alternative for this type of nerve pathology. The patient was a healthy 27-year-old man who suffered a deep and long cut in the distal anterolateral region of the right arm. Forty-eight hours after injury, an end-to-end suture was performed without a microscope. Three months after the surgery, an electromyogram (EMG) showed right radial nerve neurotmesis with no tendency to reinnervation. Four months after the trauma, serial intraneural infiltrations of PRP were conducted using ultrasound guidance. The therapeutic effect was assessed by manual muscle testing and by EMG. Fourteen months after the injury and 11 months after the first PRP injection, functional recovery was achieved. The EMG showed a complete reinnervation of the musculature of the radial nerve dependent. The patient remains satisfied with the result and he is able to practice his profession. Conclusions: PRP infiltrations have the potential to enhance the healing process of radial nerve palsy. This case report demonstrates the therapeutic potential of this technology for traumatic peripheral nerve palsy, as well as the apt utility of US-guided PRP injections.
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