BACKGROUND & AIMS:
:The intracellular bacterium Wolbachia pipientis is widespread in arthropods. Recently, possibilities of novel Wolbachia-mediated hosts, their distribution, and natural rate have been anticipated, and the coconut leaf beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), which has garnered attention as a serious pest of palms, was subjected to this interrogation. By adopting Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) and multilocus sequence type (MLST) genotypic systems, we determined the Wolbachia infection density within host developmental stages, body parts, and tissues, and the results revealed that all the tested samples of B. longissima were infected with the same Wolbachia strain (wLog), suggesting complete vertical transmission. The MLST profile elucidated two new alleles (ftsZ-234 and coxA-266) that define a new sequence type (ST-483), which indicates the particular genotypic association of B. longissima and Wolbachia. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a higher infection density in the eggs and adult stage, followed by the abdomen and reproductive tissues, respectively. However, no significant differences were observed in the infection density between sexes. Moreover, the wsp and concatenated MLST alignment analysis of this study with other known Wolbachia-mediated arthropods revealed similar clustering with distinct monophyletic supergroup B. This is the first comprehensive report on the prevalence, infection dynamics, and phylogeny of the Wolbachia endosymbiont in B. longissima, which demonstrated that Wolbachia is ubiquitous across all developmental stages and distributed in the entire body of B. longissima. Understanding the Wolbachia infection dynamics would provide useful insight to build a framework for future investigations, understand its impacts on host physiology, and exploit it as a potential biocontrol agent.
背景与目标:
:细胞内细菌Wolbachia pipientis广泛分布于节肢动物中。近来,已经预期了新型的由沃尔巴克氏体介导的寄主的可能性,它们的分布和自然发生率,并且已经引起椰子叶甲虫Brontispa longissima(Gestro)(鞘翅目:金眼科)的关注,该植物作为一种严重的棕榈害虫而受到关注。这个讯问。通过采用Wolbachia表面蛋白(wsp)和多基因座序列类型(MLST)基因型系统,我们确定了宿主发育阶段,身体部位和组织内的Wolbachia感染密度,结果表明所有被测试的B. longissima样品均被感染。具有相同的Wolbachia菌株(wLog),表明完全垂直传播。 MLST谱阐明了两个新的等位基因(ftsZ-234和coxA-266),它们定义了一个新的序列类型(ST-483),表明长双歧杆菌和Wolbachia的特定基因型关联。实时定量PCR分析表明,卵和成年阶段的感染密度较高,其次是腹部和生殖组织。但是,在两性之间的感染密度上没有观察到明显差异。此外,这项研究与其他已知的Wolbachia介导的节肢动物的wsp和连锁MLST比对分析揭示了具有相似的簇,且具有不同的单系统超群B.这是关于Wolbachia内共生菌在B中的患病率,感染动力学和系统发育的第一份综合报道。 longissima,表明Wolbachia在所有发育阶段无处不在,并分布在B. longissima的整个体内。了解沃尔巴克氏菌感染的动态将提供有用的见解,以为将来的研究建立一个框架,了解其对宿主生理的影响,并将其用作潜在的生物防治剂。