INTRODUCTION:As antiretroviral treatment (ART) continues to expand in resource-limited countries, the emergence of HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is challenging in these settings. In Gabon (central Africa), no study has yet reported the virological effectiveness of initial ART given through routine HIV care. METHODS:Following the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, a cross-sectional study with a one-time HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) measurement was conducted in Gabon to assess virological failure (VF) defined by a VL result ≥1000 copies/ml and DRMs among adult patients living with non-B HIV-1 strains and receiving first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy for at least 12 months. Risk factors associated with VF and DRMs were assessed. RESULTS:Between March 2010 and March 2011, a total of 375 patients were consecutively enrolled from two decentralized (one semirural and one rural) HIV care centres. Median time on ART was 33.6 months (range, 12-107). Overall, the rate of VF was 41.3% (36.4-46.4). Among viremic patients, 56.7% (80/141) had at least one DRM and 37.6% had dual-class resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and NNRTIs. The most frequent DRMs were K103N/S (46.1%) and M184V/I (37.6%). Thymidine analogue mutations were found in 10.6%. Independent risk factors associated with VF were being followed up at the semirural centre (P=0.033), having experienced unstructured treatment interruptions (P=0.0044), and having low CD4+ counts at enrolment (P<0.0001). A longer time on ART (P=0.0008) and being followed up at the rural centre (P=0.021) were risk factors for DRMs. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study conducted in Gabon providing VF rates and DRM patterns in adult patients receiving first-line ART. In sub-Saharan Africa, where NNRTI-based regimens are recommended as the standard for first-line ART, strengthening virological monitoring together with preventing unplanned treatment interruptions are a global public health priority.

译文

简介:随着抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)在资源有限的国家/地区继续扩大,在这些情况下,HIV耐药性突变(DRM)的出现是具有挑战性的。在加蓬(中部非洲),尚无研究报道通过常规HIV护理进行初始抗病毒治疗的病毒学效果。
方法:按照世界卫生组织(WHO)的建议,在加蓬进行了一项一次性HIV-1 RNA病毒载量(VL)测量的横断面研究,以评估由VL结果≥1000定义的病毒学衰竭(VF)感染非B HIV-1株并接受基于一线非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI)的抗逆转录病毒治疗的成年患者至少12个月的拷贝数/毫升和DRMs。评估与VF和DRM相关的危险因素。
结果:从2010年3月至2011年3月,共有375名患者从两个分散的(一个半农村和一个农村)HIV护理中心入组。 ART的中位时间为33.6个月(范围12-107)。总体而言,VF率为41.3%(36.4-46.4)。在病毒血症患者中,有56.7%(80/141)的患者至少有一种DRM,而37.6%的患者对核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NRTIs)和NNRTIs具有双重耐药性。最常见的DRM是K103N / S(46.1%)和M184V / I(37.6%)。发现胸苷类似物突变为10.6%。在半农村中心随访与VF相关的独立危险因素(P = 0.033),经历非结构性治疗中断(P = 0.0044),入组时CD4计数低(P <0.0001)。接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的时间较长(P = 0.0008),而在农村中心进行随访(P = 0.021)则是DRM的危险因素。
结论:这是在加蓬进行的第一项研究,旨在为接受一线抗病毒治疗的成年患者提供VF率和DRM模式。在撒哈拉以南非洲,基于NNRTI的治疗方案被推荐作为一线抗病毒治疗的标准,加强病毒学监测以及防止计划外的治疗中断是全球公共卫生的重点。

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