Similar "what/where" functional segregations have been proposed for both visual and auditory cortical processing. In this fMRI study, we investigated if the same segregation exists in the crossmodal domain, when visual and auditory stimuli have to be matched in order to perform either a recognition or a localization task. Recent neuroimaging research highlighted the contribution of different heteromodal cortical regions during various forms of crossmodal binding. Interestingly, crossmodal effects during audiovisual speech and object recognition have been found in the superior temporal sulcus, while crossmodal effects during the execution of spatial tasks have been found over the intraparietal sulcus, suggesting an underlying "what/where" segregation. In order to directly compare the specific involvement of these two heteromodal regions, we scanned ten male right-handed subjects during the execution of two crossmodal matching tasks. Participants were simultaneously presented with a picture and an environmental sound, coming from either the same or the opposite hemifield and representing either the same or a different object. The two tasks required a manual YES/NO response respectively about location or semantic matching of the presented stimuli. Both group and individual subject analysis were performed. Task-related differences in BOLD response were observed in the right intraparietal sulcus and in the left superior temporal sulcus, providing a direct confirmation of the "what-where" functional segregation in the crossmodal audiovisual domain.

译文

对于视觉和听觉皮层处理,已经提出了类似的“什么/在哪里”功能隔离。在这项功能磁共振成像研究中,我们调查了在视觉和听觉刺激必须匹配以执行识别或定位任务时,交叉模态域中是否存在相同的隔离。最近的神经影像学研究强调了在各种形式的交叉峰结合中不同异峰皮质区域的贡献。有趣的是,在上颞沟中发现了视听语音和物体识别过程中的交叉峰效应,而在顶壁沟中发现了执行空间任务期间的交叉峰效应,表明了潜在的“什么/在哪里”隔离。为了直接比较这两个异峰区域的具体参与情况,我们在执行两个交叉峰匹配任务期间扫描了十个男性惯用右手的受试者。与会者同时获得来自同一或相反半场的图像和环境声音,并代表相同或不同的物体。这两个任务需要分别对所显示刺激的位置或语义匹配进行手动“是/否”响应。进行小组和个体受试者分析。在右侧顶壁沟和左侧颞上沟中观察到与任务相关的BOLD反应差异,这直接证实了跨模态视听域中“何处”功能分离。

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