BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Inflammation affects the reliability of ferritin. The serum level of transferrin receptor protein (sTfR) represents true demand of iron in the body. This study attempts to identify levels of sTfR and correlate the trends of sTfR/ferritin index with BMI in the population of Karachi. 132 gender matched volunteers between the ages of 20-60 years were recruited for this cross-sectional study. BMI was calculated using the formula: (weight in kg / height in m2). Following groups were made according to South Asian criteria of BMI; Group A: normal weight (18.0-22.9 kg/m2), Group B: overweight (23.0-24.9 kg/m2), Group C: obese (>25.0 kg/m2). Serum ferritin, sTfR and CRP levels were determined using ELISA kits. Statistical comparisons were performed using Mann Whitney U and Spearman's rank correlation, where p<0.05 was considered significant. The results identified increased in TIBC, sTfR, ferritin and CRP in obese as compared to normal weight individuals (p<0.001). sTfR/ferritin ratio was 0.822 which signifies increased risk of acute myocardial infarction in group C. Serum iron (r=-0.359,p=0.004) showed negative correlation with BMI while serum ferritin (r=0.237,p< 0.001) and sTfR (r=0.263,p= 0.036) levels were positively associated to BMI. This study highlights a novel finding that sTfR is most likely a better clinical measure of iron status in inflammatory conditions as its expression is effected by erythropoiesis and not by inflammation. Risk of Acute myocardial infarction can also be predicted by increased sTfR/ferritin ratio.

背景与目标： : 炎症影响铁蛋白的可靠性。血清转铁蛋白受体蛋白 (sTfR) 水平代表体内铁的真正需求。这项研究试图确定sTfR的水平，并将sTfR/铁蛋白指数的趋势与卡拉奇人口的BMI相关联。这项横断面研究招募了132名年龄在20-60岁之间的性别匹配志愿者。BMI的计算公式为 :( 体重kg/身高m2)。根据南亚BMI标准分为以下组; A组: 正常体重 (18.0-22.9千克/m2)，B组: 超重 (23.0-24.9千克/m2)，C组: 肥胖 (> 25.0千克/m2)。使用ELISA试剂盒测定血清铁蛋白，sTfR和CRP水平。使用Mann Whitney U和Spearman秩相关进行统计比较，其中p<0.05被认为是显著的。结果表明，与正常体重个体相比，肥胖者的TIBC，sTfR，铁蛋白和CRP升高 (p<0.001)。0.822了sTfR/铁蛋白比值，这表明C组发生急性心肌梗死的风险增加。血清铁 (r =-0.359，p = 0.004) 与BMI呈负相关，而血清铁蛋白 (r = 0.237，p< 0.001) 和sTfR (r = 0.263，p = 0.036) 与BMI呈正相关。这项研究强调了一项新发现，即sTfR最有可能是炎症条件下铁状态的更好的临床指标，因为其表达受红细胞生成而不是炎症影响。急性心肌梗死的风险也可以通过增加sTfR/铁蛋白比率来预测。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of the glycemic index (GI) of pre-exercise snack bars on substrate utilization during subsequent moderate intensity exercise. METHODS:Fourteen male participants (Age: 27 ± 5 yr; BMI: 22.5 ± 2.7 kg m(-2); [Formula: see text]: 48.7 ± 6.1 mL kg(-1 )min(-1)) completed two trials in a randomized and counterbalanced crossover design. Two iso-caloric snack bars with different GI values (20, LGI versus 68, HGI) were provided to the participants. Ninety minutes later, all participants completed 45 minutes of ergometer cycling at 65% [Formula: see text]. Substrate utilization was measured using indirect calorimetry. RESULTS:During exercise, higher fat oxidation and lower carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation were observed in the LGI trial (LGI versus HGI: CHO, 87.3 ± 20.1 versus 99.2 ± 19.0 g, p < 0.05; Fat, 15.0 ± 5.8 versus 9.7 ± 7.0 g, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Compared with an iso-caloric HGI snack bar, pre-exercise LGI snack bar consumption may facilitate a shift of substrate utilization from CHO to fat during subsequent moderate intensity exercise.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We have studied the effects of ankle arthrodesis on the gait of three subjects with special attention to the time and sagittal plane kinematic and kinetic characteristics. Each subject had a painless arthrodesis and no other gait limitation. To compensate for this disability they showed an increased range of movement at the ipsilateral mid-tarsal, knee and hip joints, and required greater than normal resuftan joint moments to be generated at the ipsilateral knee and hip joints. The subjects exhibited stride-to-stride kinetic compensation at the knee and hip joints, with associated variability in resultant joint moments and power patterns. However, they achieved a symmetric gait by mimicking ipsilateral movements with the opposite limb.

背景与目标： : 我们研究了踝关节固定术对三名受试者步态的影响，特别注意时间和矢状面运动学和动力学特征。每个受试者都有无痛性关节固定术，没有其他步态限制。为了弥补这种残疾，他们显示同侧中，膝和髋关节的运动范围增加，并且需要在同侧膝关节和髋关节处产生比正常的resuftan关节力矩更大的运动。受试者在膝关节和髋关节表现出步幅运动补偿，并在关节力矩和动力模式上产生相关的变异性。但是，他们通过模仿与相反肢体的同侧运动来实现对称步态。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To assess the use of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), routinely used in patients being treated for localized prostate cancer, including potency-preserving, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (RP), as many patients complain that the results of the IIEF over 4 weeks before RP are not representative. PATIENTS AND METHODS:The study included 123 consecutive patients (mean age 64.6 years, range 52-78) who had endoscopic-extraperitoneal RP and who completed the IIEF. The interval between the diagnosis of the disease and surgery was >4 weeks in all. The patients completed the same questionnaire referring to the last 4 weeks before their prostate biopsy, as a modified index of their sexual status (IIEFm and EFm). RESULTS:The clinical stage of disease was cT1c (34.9%), cT2a (49.5%), cT2b (5.7%) and cT2c (9.9%) before RP. The mean IIEF score was 42.8 and the mean EF domain score was 16.9; the mean IIEFm was 54.9 and the EFm domain score was 23.7. All the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:The IIEF questionnaire scores are influenced by many factors. Depression after a diagnosis of cancer, and the prostate biopsy-related symptoms, e.g. prostatitis, perineal pain and haemospermia, might compromise the patients' well-being and libido, and thus affect the IIEF scores before RP. We therefore suggest using the IIEFm and EFm scores before prostate biopsy to assess the patients' sexual status before any treatment for localized prostate cancer.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :A brachial loop is a rare anatomic variation and can result in the failure of transradial coronary procedures. We report a brachial loop encountered in a patient undergoing a coronary angiogram. During this angiogram, a 0.035'' J-tipped Teflon-coated guidewire met with resistance in the brachial artery because of this rare vascular loop. In this case report, we discuss the technique we used to manage this rare condition. Interventional cardiologists should keep in mind that resistance of the guidewire can result in major vessel complications during the transradial approach.

背景与目标： 肱动脉环是一种罕见的解剖变异，可导致经桡动脉冠状动脉手术失败。我们报告了在接受冠状动脉造影的患者中遇到的臂环。在此血管造影中，由于这种罕见的血管回路，0.035的J形尖头聚四氟乙烯涂层的导丝在肱动脉中遇到阻力。在本案例报告中，我们讨论了用于管理这种罕见情况的技术。介入心脏病学家应记住，导丝的阻力可能会导致经radial入路时的主要血管并发症。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Cross-sectional data suggest that obesity, particularly central obesity, may be associated with decreased production of sex steroid hormones in men. However, longitudinal hormone data on men in relation to obesity status are limited. Previous studies have not consistently demonstrated whether sex steroids are associated specifically to body mass index or to measures of central obesity. Our objective was to examine the relation of obesity (body mass index > 30 kg/m2), and of central obesity (waist circumference > 100 cm or waist to hip ratio > 0.95) to longitudinal change in sex steroid hormones in men. DESIGN:Prospective follow-up of a population-based sample of men in Boston. PATIENTS:Nine hundred forty-two (942) men in the Massachusetts Male Ageing Study with complete anthropometry and hormone data at baseline (1987-1989, ages 40-70) and follow-up (1995-1997). MEASUREMENTS:Free and total testosterone (FT and TT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were assessed using standardized methods. Health behaviours and medical history were obtained by structured interview. Repeated measures regression was used to describe trends in steroid hormones and SHBG in relation to obesity status, adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol, comorbidities, and physical activity. RESULTS:Obesity was associated with decreased levels of total and free testosterone, and of SHBG at follow-up relative to baseline. For any given baseline concentration of TT, FT or SHBG, follow-up levels were lowest among men who remained obese or who became obese during follow-up. This was true for all three indices of obesity. Central adiposity was associated with lower DHEAS levels at follow-up, while elevated body mass index was not. CONCLUSIONS:Obesity may predict greater decline in testosterone and SHBG levels with age. Central adiposity may be a more important predictor of decline in DHEAS than is body mass index.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Recent studies of pancreatic cancer suggest a role for hyperinsulinemia in carcinogenesis. Because insulin is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose concentrations, dietary factors that increase these concentrations may be important in pancreatic carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to examine prospectively the relation between pancreatic cancer risk and dietary glycemic load (GL), overall glycemic index (GI), and intake of total carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides. DESIGN:The Netherlands Cohort Study consisted of 120,852 men and women who completed a baseline questionnaire in 1986. After 13.3 y of follow-up, 408 pancreatic cancer cases were detected, 66% of which were microscopically confirmed. A validated 150-item food-frequency questionnaire, completed at baseline, was used to calculate carbohydrate and mono- and disaccharide intakes and the GL and GI of the diet. RESULTS:Dietary GL, GI, or intake of carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk in this cohort. Also, the associations were not modified by sex. Our results did not change after the analysis was restricted to microscopically confirmed pancreatic cancer cases or after individuals who reported a history of diabetes at baseline were excluded from the analyses. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that GL, GI, or intake of carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides are positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk. This is in agreement with previous prospective studies that investigated the relation between GL and GI and pancreatic cancer risk.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:Successful hemodialysis requires reliable vascular access that can deliver adequate blood flow. An arteriovenous fistula is preferred for access because of its longevity and low frequency of complications, but up to 60% of arteriovenous fistulas created surgically are never suitable for hemodialysis because of nonmaturation (insufficient vascular dilatation). Decreased arterial elasticity may impair dilatation, thereby affecting fistula maturation. This study evaluated the feasibility of brachial artery elasticity measurement in patients with chronic kidney disease obtained during routine pre-operative mapping ultrasound (US) imaging before hemodialysis access placement and compared the measurements to those obtained in healthy volunteers. METHODS:Brachial artery functional US studies were collected from 75 patients undergoing routine preoperative mapping for hemodialysis access and 50 healthy volunteers. Vascular strain was calculated from the change in intima-media thickness between end systole and end diastole, and vascular stress was estimated from the pulse pressure. Assuming a linear elastic medium, the elastic modulus was estimated as the ratio of vascular stress to strain. RESULTS:Elastic modulus measurements were significantly higher in patients than in volunteers (130 versus 100 kPa; P = .01). With combined volunteer and patient data, there was a significant correlation between elasticity and systolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.23; P < .001). Elasticity was correlated with age in volunteers but not in patients (R2 = 0.14; P = .017; R2 < .001; P = .829, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:This analysis of clinical arterial vessel biomechanics shows that a noninvasive US measurement can detect elastic modulus differences between patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy individuals. Future studies will correlate the elastic modulus with histologic characteristics and eventual arteriovenous fistula maturation, which may provide supplemental information on arterial biomechanical properties as a useful addition to current predictors of fistula success.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We demonstrated that the prognosis of breast cancer patients who received adjuvant immunochemotherapy with Krestin (PSK) showed a tendency to be better than that of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy only. We retrospectively investigated the usefulness of HLA typing for selecting patients to receive adjuvant immuno-chemotherapy with PSK. One hundred and thirty-four patients with operable breast cancer were typed as HLA-A, -B, -C by a lymphocytotoxicity test. Patients without vascular invasion had no adjuvant therapy (NA group). Patients with vascular invasion in the tumor and/or in the metastatic lymph node were randomized into two groups. In group 1 (FEMP only), a combination chemotherapy of 100 mg of 5-fluorouracil (F), 50 mg of cyclophosphamide (E), 2 mg of mitomycin C (M), and 5 mg of predonisolone (P) was orally administered daily for 28 days (one course). In group 2 (FEMP+PSK), FEMP and 3.0 g of PSK were orally administered for 28 days (one course). Two courses a year of these agents were given for five years in both groups. Each group (NA, FEMP, FEMP+PSK) was stratified by the presence of HLA B40 type (B40(+)) or not (B40(-)). Five- and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates (93%, 80%, respectively) of patients with B40(+) seemed to be better than those (83% and 51%) of patients with B40(-). In the NA group, 5- and 10-year DFS were 100% and 71% in patients with B40(+), 92% and 76% in those with B40(-), respectively. In the FEMP group (chemotherapy only), 5- and 10-year DFS of patients with B40(+) were both 84%. These were not statistically significant compared with those (82% and 33%) of patients with B40(-). On the other hand, in the FEMP+PSK group, 5- and 10-year DFS of patients with B40(+) were both 100%, and those of patients with B40(-) were 76% and 55%, respectively. DFS of patients with B40(+) was significantly better than that of patients with B40(-). It is concluded that HLA typing may be a predictive index in determining the use of immunochemotherapy combined with PSK for patients with operable breast cancer.

背景与目标： 我们证明，接受Krestin (PSK) 辅助免疫化疗的乳腺癌患者的预后显示出比仅接受化疗的乳腺癌患者更好的趋势。我们回顾性研究了HLA分型对选择接受PSK辅助免疫化疗的患者的有用性。通过淋巴细胞毒性试验将134例可手术的乳腺癌患者分为hla-a，-B，-C。无血管侵犯的患者没有辅助治疗 (NA组)。肿瘤和/或转移淋巴结中血管浸润的患者被随机分为两组。在第1组 (仅FEMP) 中，每天口服给药100 mg 5-氟尿嘧啶 (F)，50 mg环磷酰胺 (E)，2 mg丝裂霉素c (M) 和5 mg泼尼松龙 (P) 的联合化疗，持续28天 (一个疗程)。在第2组 (FEMP + PSK) 中，FEMP和3.0g PSK口服给药28天 (一个疗程)。在两组中，这些代理商每年接受两次课程，为期五年。每组 (NA，FEMP，FEMP PSK) 均通过存在HLA B40型 (B40 ()) 或不存在 (B40(-)) 进行分层。B40(+) 患者的5年和10年无病生存率 (DFS) (分别为93% 、80%) 似乎优于B40(-) 患者的 (83% 和51%)。在NA组中，B40(-) 患者的5年和10年DFS分别100% 和71%，B40(-) 患者的92% 和76%。在FEMP组 (仅化疗) 中，B40(+) 患者的5年和10年DFS均为84%。与B40(-) 患者的 (82% 和33%) 相比，这些没有统计学意义。另一方面，在FEMP PSK组中，B40 () 患者的5年和10年DFS均为100%，B40(-) 患者的5年和10年DFS分别为76% 和55%。B40(+) 患者的DFS显著优于B40(-) 患者。结论HLA分型可能是确定免疫化疗联合PSK用于可手术乳腺癌患者的预测指标。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Auriculotherapy is based on the stimulation of reflex points in the ear. However, little is known about its weight-reducing effects. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of auriculotherapy on weight and/or (BMI) reduction in overweight or patients with obesity. METHODS:Twelve articles were selected for systematic review. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating weight reduction and five investigating BMI reduction were selected for the meta-analyzes. RESULTS:The results revealed an association between auriculotherapy and weight reduction (WMD, 1.507; 95% CI, 0.606-2.407; p < 0.000). Auriculotherapy was also significantly associated with BMI reduction (WMD, 0.865; 95% CI, 0.533-1.196; p < 0.004). CONCLUSIONS:We found that auriculotherapy was effective in reducing weight and/or BMI in overweight or patients with obesity. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to heterogeneity.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:The incidence of heart failure (HF) is decreasing in older ages, but increasing rates have been observed among younger persons in Sweden. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between risk of hospitalization for HF and body mass index (BMI). METHODS:This was a prospective registry-based cohort study. We included 1,374,031 women aged 18-45 years (mean age 27.9 years) who gave birth during 1982-2014, and were registered in the Medical Birth Register. Information on hospitalization because of HF was collected through linkage to the National Inpatient Register. RESULTS:Compared to women with a BMI of 20-<22.5 kg/m2, women with a BMI of 22.5-<25.0 had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.24 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10-1.39) for HF after adjustment for age, year, parity, baseline disorders, smoking, and education. The HR (95% CI) increased to 1.56 (1.36-1.78), 2.39 (2.05-2.78), 2.82 (2.43-3.28), and 4.51 (3.63-5.61) in women with a BMI of 25-<27.5, 27.5-<30, 30-<35, and ≥35 kg/m2, respectively. The multiple-adjusted HRs (95% CI) associated with risk of HF per one-unit increase in BMI in women with a BMI ≥ 22.5 kg/m2 ranged from 1.01 (0.97-1.06) for HF related to valvular disease to 1.14 (1.12-1.15) for coronary heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension. CONCLUSION:Increasing body weight was strongly associated with the risk of early HF in women. Compared with lean women, the risk for HF started to increase at high-normal BMI levels, and was nearly five-fold in women with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Using big data and the theory of cumulative deficits to develop the multimorbidity frailty index (mFI) has become a widely accepted approach in public health and health care services. However, constructing the mFI using the most critical determinants and stratifying different risk groups with dose-response relationships remain major challenges in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to develop the mFI by using machine learning methods that select variables based on the optimal fitness of the model. In addition, we aimed to further establish 4 entities of risk using a machine learning approach that would achieve the best distinction between groups and demonstrate the dose-response relationship. METHODS:In this study, we used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to develop a machine learning multimorbidity frailty index (ML-mFI) using the theory of cumulative diseases/deficits of an individual older person. Compared to the conventional mFI, in which the selection of diseases/deficits is based on expert opinion, we adopted the random forest method to select the most influential diseases/deficits that predict adverse outcomes for older people. To ensure that the survival curves showed a dose-response relationship with overlap during the follow-up, we developed the distance index and coverage index, which can be used at any time point to classify the ML-mFI of all subjects into the categories of fit, mild frailty, moderate frailty, and severe frailty. Survival analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of the ML-mFI to predict adverse outcomes, such as unplanned hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and mortality. RESULTS:The final ML-mFI model contained 38 diseases/deficits. Compared with conventional mFI, both indices had similar distribution patterns by age and sex; however, among people aged 65 to 69 years, the mean mFI and ML-mFI were 0.037 (SD 0.048) and 0.0070 (SD 0.0254), respectively. The difference may result from discrepancies in the diseases/deficits selected in the mFI and the ML-mFI. A total of 86,133 subjects aged 65 to 100 years were included in this study and were categorized into 4 groups according to the ML-mFI. Both the Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox models showed that the ML-mFI significantly predicted all outcomes of interest, including all-cause mortality, unplanned hospitalizations, and all-cause ICU admissions at 1, 5, and 8 years of follow-up (P<.01). In particular, a dose-response relationship was revealed between the 4 ML-mFI groups and adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS:The ML-mFI consists of 38 diseases/deficits that can successfully stratify risk groups associated with all-cause mortality, unplanned hospitalizations, and all-cause ICU admissions in older people, which indicates that precise, patient-centered medical care can be a reality in an aging society.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Novel transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) markers have been proposed to improve spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) prediction. Preliminary results of the cervical consistency index (CCI), uterocervical angle (UCA), and cervical texture (CTx) have been promising in singletons. However, in twin pregnancies, the results have been inconsistent. In this prospective cohort study of asymptomatic twin pregnancies assessed between 18+0-22+0 weeks, we evaluated TVU derived cervical length (CL), CCI, UCA, and the CTx to predict sPTB < 34+0 weeks. All iatrogenic PTB were excluded. In the final cohort of 63 pregnancies, the sPTB rate < 34+0 was 16.3%. The CCI, UCA, and CTx, including the CL was significantly different in the sPTB < 34+0 weeks group. The best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for sPTB < 34+0 weeks was achieved by the CCI 0.82 (95%CI, 0.72-0.93), followed by the UCA with AUC 0.72 (95%CI, 0.57-0.87). A logistic regression model incorporating parity, chorionicity, CCI, and UCA resulted in an AUC of 0.91 with a sensitivity of 55.3% and specificity of 88.1% for predicting sPTB < 34+0. The CCI performed better than other TVU markers to predict sPTB < 34+0 in twin gestations, and the best diagnostic accuracy was achieved by a combination of parity, chorionicity, CCI, and UCA.

背景与目标： : 已经提出了新型的经阴道超声 (TVU) 标记物来改善自发早产 (sPTB) 的预测。宫颈一致性指数 (CCI)，子宫角 (UCA) 和宫颈纹理 (CTx) 的初步结果在单例中是有希望的。然而，在双胎妊娠中，结果并不一致。在这项在18 0-22 0周之间评估的无症状双胎妊娠的前瞻性队列研究中，我们评估了TVU衍生的宫颈长度 (CL)，CCI，UCA和CTx来预测sPTB <34 0周。排除所有医源性PTB。在63例妊娠的最终队列中，sPTB率 <34 + 0为16.3%。在sPTB <34 0周组中，CCI，UCA和CTx (包括CL) 有显着差异。通过CCI 0.82 (95% CI，0.72-0.93) 实现了sPTB <34 + 0周的接收器工作特性曲线 (AUC) 下的最佳面积，其次是具有AUC 0.72的UCA (95% CI，0.57-0.87)。结合了奇偶性，绒毛膜性，CCI和UCA的逻辑回归模型导致0.91的AUC，其55.3% 的敏感性和88.1% 的特异性预测sPTB <34 0。CCI在预测双胎中sPTB <34 0方面的表现优于其他TVU标记，并且通过奇偶性，绒毛膜性，CCI和UCA的组合获得了最佳的诊断准确性。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:The study aimed to investigate the relationship between elevated maternal body mass index (BMI) and foetal chromosomal aberrations by performing single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array-based genetic testing on products of conception (POC). METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the data for 1068 assisted reproductive technology (ART)-conceived POC originated from 1068 patients with early spontaneous miscarriage. First, all types of chromosomal abnormalities were defined. Then, the baseline characteristics, including maternal age, BMI, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), gestational age, fertilization method, reasons for fertility treatment, embryo transfer (ET) cycle, stage of embryo development and the embryo morphology grade, were compared between chromosomally normal and abnormal POC groups. Finally, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyse various factors affecting the foetal chromosomal abnormality rate. RESULTS:The SNP array results showed that 45.3% (484/1068) of POC were chromosomally normal and that 54.7% (584/1068) of POC presented chromosomal abnormalities. Of these 584 chromosomally abnormal POC, 388 (66.4%) were trisomy, 42 (7.2%) had a monosomy, 68 (11.6%) were found with segmental aneuploidy, 46 (7.9%) were mosaic, 28 (4.8%) were identified as polyploidy and 12 (2.1%) were euploid samples with uniparental disomy (UPD). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the risk of miscarrying chromosomally abnormal POC increased 1.424-fold in women with normal BMI compared to women with an elevated BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) (OR = 1.424, 95% CI = 1.074-1.888, p = 0.014). CONCLUSION:Women with an elevated BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) are more likely to miscarry chromosomally normal POC.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Central arterial pressure is a better predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes than brachial blood pressure, but noninvasive measurement by applanation tonometry is technically demanding. METHOD:Pulsecor R6.5 is a novel device adapted from a standard sphygmomanometer which estimates the central aortic pressure from analysis of low-frequency suprasystolic waveforms at the occluded brachial artery. A physics-based model, which simulates the arterial system using elastic, thin-walled tube elements and Navier-Stokes equations, is used to calculate arterial pressure and flow propagation. To determine the reliability of the device, we compared 94 central systolic pressures estimated by Pulsecor to the simultaneous directly measured central aortic pressures at the time of coronary angiography in 37 individuals. RESULTS:There was good correlation in central SBP between catheter measurements and Pulsecor estimates by either invasive or noninvasive calibration methods (r = 0.99, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.95, P < 0.0001, respectively). The mean difference in central systolic pressure was 2.78 (SD 3.90) mmHg and coefficient of variation was 0.03 when the invasive calibration method was used.When the noninvasive calibration method was used, the mean difference in central systolic pressure was 0.25 (SD 6.31) mmHg and coefficient of variation was 0.05. CONCLUSION:We concluded that Pulsecor R6.5 provides a simple and easy method to noninvasively estimate central SBP, which has highly acceptable accuracy.

背景与目标：