Walking outdoors is often difficult or impossible for many seniors and people with disabilities during winter. We present a novel approach for conducting winter accessibility evaluations of commonly used pedestrian facilities, including sidewalks, street crossings, curb ramps (curb cuts and dropped curbs), outdoor stairs and ramps, building and transit entrances, bus stops, and driveways. A total of 183 individuals, aged 18-85 completed our survey. The results show that cold weather itself had little impact on the frequency of outdoor excursions among middle-aged and older adults while the presence of snow and/or ice on the ground noticeably kept people, especially older adults at home. The survey found that the key elements decreasing winter accessibility were icy sidewalks and puddles at street crossings and curb ramps. While communities have recognized the need to improve snow and ice removal, little attention has been paid to curb ramp design which is especially ineffective in winter when the bottom of the ramps pool with rain, snow, and ice, making it hazardous and inaccessible to nearly all users. We conclude that investigations of alternative designs of curb ramp are needed.

译文

在冬季,对于许多老年人和残疾人来说,在户外散步通常是困难的或不可能的。我们提出了一种新颖的方法,用于对常用的行人设施进行冬季无障碍评估,包括人行道,街道交叉口,路缘坡道 (路缘切口和掉落路缘),室外楼梯和坡道,建筑物和公交入口,公交车站和车道。共有183名年龄在18-85岁之间的人完成了我们的调查。结果表明,寒冷的天气本身对中老年人户外旅行的频率影响不大,而地面上的雪和/或冰的存在明显地使人们,尤其是老年人在家中。调查发现,降低冬季通行能力的关键因素是街道交叉口和路边坡道上结冰的人行道和水坑。尽管社区已经意识到需要改善除雪和除冰的需求,但很少关注遏制坡道设计,这在冬季特别无效,因为坡道的底部充满雨,雪和冰,这使其变得危险且无法接近几乎所有用户。我们得出的结论是,需要对路缘坡道的替代设计进行研究。

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