Walking outdoors is often difficult or impossible for many seniors and people with disabilities during winter. We present a novel approach for conducting winter accessibility evaluations of commonly used pedestrian facilities, including sidewalks, street crossings, curb ramps (curb cuts and dropped curbs), outdoor stairs and ramps, building and transit entrances, bus stops, and driveways. A total of 183 individuals, aged 18-85 completed our survey. The results show that cold weather itself had little impact on the frequency of outdoor excursions among middle-aged and older adults while the presence of snow and/or ice on the ground noticeably kept people, especially older adults at home. The survey found that the key elements decreasing winter accessibility were icy sidewalks and puddles at street crossings and curb ramps. While communities have recognized the need to improve snow and ice removal, little attention has been paid to curb ramp design which is especially ineffective in winter when the bottom of the ramps pool with rain, snow, and ice, making it hazardous and inaccessible to nearly all users. We conclude that investigations of alternative designs of curb ramp are needed.

译文

:在冬天,对于许多老年人和残疾人来说,户外散步通常很困难或不可能。我们提出了一种新颖的方法,用于对常用的行人设施进行冬季可达性评估,包括人行道,人行横道,路缘坡道(路缘削减和掉落的路缘),室外楼梯和坡道,建筑物和公交入口,公交车站和车道。共有183位年龄在18-85岁之间的人完成了我们的调查。结果表明,寒冷的天气本身对中年和老年人的户外旅行的频率几乎没有影响,而地面上积雪和/或冰的存在则使人们尤其是老年人更加留在家里。调查发现,影响冬季通行能力的关键因素是人行横道,路口和路缘坡道上的水坑。尽管社区已经认识到需要改善除冰和除冰的必要性,但很少有人关注遏制坡道的设计,这种设计在冬季坡道池底部积有雨,雪和冰的情况下尤其无效,这使得它几乎是危险的并且难以接近所有用户。我们得出结论,需要研究路缘坡道的替代设计。

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