The object of this study was to investigate the attitudes of physicians, nurses and the general public to physician-assisted suicide (PAS), active voluntary euthanasia (AVE) and passive euthanasia (PE) in Finland. Respondents received a postal questionnaire to evaluate the acceptability of euthanasia in five scenarios, which were imaginary patient cases. Age, severity of pain and prognosis of the disease were presented as background factors in these scenarios. This work was carried out in Finland in 1998. The respondents include a random selection of 814 physicians (506 responded, 62%), 800 nurses (582 responded, 68%) and 1000 representatives of the general public (587 responded, 59%).Thirty-four percent of the physicians, 46% of the nurses and 50% of the general public agreed that euthanasia would be acceptable in some situations. Of the scenarios, PE was most often considered acceptable in cases of severe dementia (physicians 88%, nurses 79% and general public 64%). In the same scenario, 8% of physicians, 23% of nurses and 48% of general public accepted AVE. In the scenario of an incurable cancer, 20% of the physicians, 34% of the nurses and 42% of the general public accepted PAS. All forms of euthanasia were generally more acceptable in older, than in younger, scenario patients. This paper conclude that PE was largely accepted among Finnish medical professionals and the general public. Only a minority favored AVE and PAS.

译文

这项研究的目的是调查医生,护士和公众对芬兰的医生协助自杀(PAS),主动自愿安乐死(AVE)和被动安乐死(PE)的态度。受访者收到了一份邮政问卷,以评估在五种假想患者情况下安乐死的可接受性。在这些情况下,年龄,疼痛的严重程度和疾病的预后是背景因素。这项工作于1998年在芬兰进行。受访者包括814名医生(506名,62%),800名护士(582名,68%)和1000名公众代表(587名,59%)。 34%的医生,46%的护士和50%的公众同意在某些情况下安乐死是可以接受的。在这些情况中,最常被认为是重度痴呆的PE(医师88%,护士79%和普通公众64%)。在相同的情况下,8%的医生,23%的护士和48%的普通大众接受AVE。在无法治愈的癌症中,有20%的医生,34%的护士和42%的公众接受了PAS。一般情况下,老年患者比年轻患者更容易接受所有形式的安乐死。本文的结论是,PE在芬兰的医学专业人士和公众中已广为接受。只有少数人赞成AVE和PAS。

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