In this study, the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium in Tryptic Soy Broth was examined at different pH (4.50-5.50), water activity a(w) (0.970-0.992) and gelatin concentration (0%, 1% and 5% ) at 20 degrees C. Experiments in TSB with 0% gelatin were carried out in shaken erlenmeyers, in the weak 1% gelatin media in petri plates and in the firm 5% gelatin media in gel cassettes. A quantification of gel strength was performed by rheological measurements and the influence of oxygen supply on the growth of S. Typhimurium was investigated. pH, as well as a(w) as well as gelatin concentration had an influence on the growth rate. Both in broth and in gelatinized media, lowering pH or water activity caused a decrease of growth rate. In media with 1% gelatin a reduction of growth rate and maximal cell density was observed compared to broth at all conditions. However, the effects of decreasing pH and a(w) were less pronounced. A further increase in gelatin concentration to 5% gelatin caused a small or no additional drop of growth rate. The final oxygen concentration dropped from 5.5 ppm in stirred broth to anoxic values in petri plates, also when 0% and 5% gelatin media were tested in this recipient. Probably, not stirring the medium, which leads to anoxic conditions, has a more pronounced effect on the growth rate of S. Typhimurium then medium solidness. Finally, growth data were fitted with the primary model of Baranyi and Roberts [Baranyi, J. and Roberts, T. A., 1994. A dynamic approach to predicting bacterial growth in food. International Journal of Food Microbiology 23, 277-294]. An additional factor was introduced into the secondary model of Ross et al. [Ross, T. and Ratkowsky, D. A. and Mellefont, L. A. and McMeekin, T. A., 2003. Modelling the effects of temperature, water activity, pH and lactic acid concentration on the growth rate of Escherichia coli. International Journal of Food Microbiology 82, 33-43.] to incorporate the effect of gelatin concentration, next to the effect of pH and a(w). A two step and a global regression procedure were applied. Both procedures were able to fit the data well, but the global regression procedure led to smaller standard errors on the parameters.

译文

在这项研究中,在20 ℃ 下,在不同的pH (4.50-5.50),水分活度a(w) (0.970-0.992) 和明胶浓度 (0%,1% 和5%) 下检查了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤中的生长。用0% 明胶在TSB中进行的实验是在摇动的erlenmeyers中,在petri板中的弱1% 明胶介质中以及在凝胶盒中的牢固5% 明胶介质中进行的。通过流变测量和氧气供应对S生长的影响进行凝胶强度的定量。对鼠伤寒进行了调查。pH,a(w) 以及明胶浓度对生长速率有影响。在肉汤和糊化培养基中,降低ph值或水分活度均导致生长速率降低。在具有1% 明胶的培养基中,与所有条件下的肉汤相比,观察到生长速率和最大细胞密度的降低。然而,降低pH和a(w) 的影响不太明显。5% 明胶的明胶浓度的进一步增加导致生长速率的小的下降或没有额外的下降。当在该受体中测试0% 和5% 明胶培养基时,最终氧浓度也从搅拌的肉汤中的5.5 ppm下降到petri板中的缺氧值。可能,不搅拌导致缺氧条件的培养基对S的生长速率有更明显的影响。鼠伤寒然后中等固结。最后,生长数据用Baranyi和Roberts的初级模型拟合 [Baranyi,J.和Roberts,T. A.,1994。预测食物中细菌生长的动态方法。国际食品微生物学杂志23,277-294]。另一个因素被引入到Ross等人的二级模型中。[Ross,T.和Ratkowsky,D. A.和Mellefont,L. A.和McMeekin,T. A.,2003。模拟温度,水活动,pH和乳酸浓度对大肠杆菌生长速率的影响。国际食品微生物学杂志82,33-43。] 结合明胶浓度的影响,紧随pH和a(w) 的影响。应用了两步和一个全局回归程序。这两个过程都能够很好地拟合数据,但是全局回归过程导致参数上的标准误差较小。

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