The investigation of inertial cavitation in micro-tunnels has significant implications for the development of therapeutic applications of ultrasound such as ultrasound-mediated drug and gene delivery. The threshold for inertial cavitation was investigated using a passive cavitation detector with a center frequency of 1 MHz. Micro-tunnels of various diameters (90 to 800 microm) embedded in gel were fabricated and injected with a solution of Optison(trade mark) contrast agent of concentrations 1.2% and 0.2% diluted in water. An ultrasound pulse of duration 500 ms and center frequency 1.736 MHz was used to insonate the microbubbles. The acoustic pressure was increased at 1-s intervals until broadband noise emission was detected. The pressure threshold at which broadband noise emission was observed was found to be dependent on the diameter of the micro-tunnels, with an average increase of 1.2 to 1.5 between the smallest and the largest tunnels, depending on the microbubble concentration. The evaluation of inertial cavitation in gel tunnels rather than tubes provides a novel opportunity to investigate microbubble collapse in a situation that simulates in vivo blood vessels better than tubes with solid walls do.

译文

研究微通道中的惯性空化对超声治疗应用的发展具有重要意义,例如超声介导的药物和基因传递。使用中心频率为1 MHz的无源空化检测器研究了惯性空化的阈值。制造嵌入凝胶中的各种直径 (90至800微米) 的微通道,并将其注入浓度为1.2% 和0.2% 的在水中稀释的Optison (商标) 造影剂溶液。使用持续时间为500 ms且中心频率为1.736 MHz的超声脉冲来使微气泡溶出。声压以1-s的间隔增加,直到检测到宽带噪声发射为止。发现观察到宽带噪声发射的压力阈值取决于微通道的直径,最小和最大通道之间的平均增加1.2至1.5,这取决于微气泡浓度。对凝胶隧道而不是管中的惯性空化的评估提供了一个新的机会,可以在比具有实心壁的管更好地模拟体内血管的情况下研究微气泡塌陷。

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