Monte Carlo calculations were used to investigate the efficiency of radiation protection equipment in reducing eye and whole body doses during fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures. Eye lens doses were determined considering different models of eyewear with various shapes, sizes and lead thickness. The origin of scattered radiation reaching the eyes was also assessed to explain the variation in the protection efficiency of the different eyewear models with exposure conditions. The work also investigates the variation of eye and whole body doses with ceiling-suspended shields of various shapes and positioning. For all simulations, a broad spectrum of configurations typical for most interventional procedures was considered. Calculations showed that 'wrap around' glasses are the most efficient eyewear models reducing, on average, the dose by 74% and 21% for the left and right eyes respectively. The air gap between the glasses and the eyes was found to be the primary source of scattered radiation reaching the eyes. The ceiling-suspended screens were more efficient when positioned close to the patient's skin and to the x-ray field. With the use of such shields, the Hp(10) values recorded at the collar, chest and waist level and the Hp(3) values for both eyes were reduced on average by 47%, 37%, 20% and 56% respectively. Finally, simulations proved that beam quality and lead thickness have little influence on eye dose while beam projection, the position and head orientation of the operator as well as the distance between the image detector and the patient are key parameters affecting eye and whole body doses.

译文

:Monte Carlo计算用于研究在荧光镜引导下的介入治疗过程中辐射防护设备在减少眼睛和全身剂量方面的效率。确定眼镜镜片剂量时要考虑具有不同形状,大小和铅厚的眼镜的不同型号。还评估了到达眼睛的散射辐射的起源,以解释不同眼镜型号的防护效率随暴露条件的变化。这项工作还研究了各种形状和位置的天花板悬挂式防护罩对眼睛和全身剂量的影响。对于所有模拟,都考虑了大多数干预程序所特有的广泛配置。计算表明,“环绕式”眼镜是最有效的眼镜型号,平均将左眼和右眼的剂量分别减少了74%和21%。发现眼镜和眼睛之间的气隙是到达眼睛的散射辐射的主要来源。当靠近患者的皮肤和X射线场放置时,悬挂在天花板上的屏幕效率更高。使用此类防护罩后,两只眼睛的项圈,胸部和腰部水平记录的Hp(10)值和两只眼睛的Hp(3)值分别平均降低了47%,37%,20%和56%。最后,仿真证明光束质量和导线厚度对眼睛剂量几乎没有影响,而光束投影,操作员的位置和头部方向以及图像检测器与患者之间的距离是影响眼睛和全身剂量的关键参数。

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