The World Health Organization declared India among other 10 countries in South East Region - as 'polio-free' in 2014. Since then, the Government of India (GoI) has scaled up its initiatives against polio endgame which targets virus eradication and sequential withdrawal of type 2 virus from oral polio vaccine (OPV). However, prior to choosing the switch from trivalent OPV (t-OPV) to bivalent OPV (b-OPV), it was suggested to include inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in the national immunization schedule to protect vaccine naïve population against type 2 poliovirus. The GoI declared introduction of single dose of intramuscular IPV at 14 weeks since October 2015. In addition, anticipating the scarcity of IPV at present in India, GoI also recommended two intradermal doses of IPV in few states since April 2016. This review discusses the programmatic implications of these strategies along with recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices of Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP-ACVIP) on polio endgame strategy.

译文

:世界卫生组织宣布印度在东南地区的其他10个国家中-2014年为“无政治国家”。此后,印度政府(GoI)扩大了针对消灭小儿麻痹症的计划,该计划的目标是消灭病毒并顺序撤药口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)感染2型病毒。但是,在选择从三价OPV(t-OPV)转换为二价OPV(b-OPV)之前,建议在国家免疫计划中包括灭活的脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗(IPV),以保护未接种过疫苗的人群免受2型脊髓灰质炎病毒的侵害。 GoI宣布自2015年10月起第14周开始单剂IPV肌内注射。此外,由于预计印度目前IPV稀缺,GoI还建议自2016年4月以来在少数几个州推荐两次皮内注射IPV。这些策略的含义,以及印度儿科学会疫苗和免疫实践咨询委员会(IAP-ACVIP)关于小儿麻痹症最终策略的建议。

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