Propylene glycol ethers (PGEs) are comprised of mono-, di- and tri-PGEs and several of their acetate esters. The nature of the range of applications that use PGEs suggests that there is a potential for both intentional and unintentional entry of the materials into the environment. Selected physical/chemical properties, fate characteristics, aquatic toxicity data and calculated environmental concentrations were used to assess potential risks from the manufacture, handling, use, and disposal of PGEs. In general, the PGEs are low to moderately volatile, have high aqueous solubilities, low octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow), and bioconcentration factor values of <10, which indicate they are unlikely to accumulate in aquatic food chains. Both abiotic and biological degradation processes reduce environmental concentrations of PGEs. In air, vapor-phase PGEs react with photo-chemically produced hydroxyl radicals and have half-lives ranging from 5.5 to 34.4 h. A variety of ready and inherent biodegradation test methods, as well as tests that simulate biodegradation in wastewater treatment plants, surface water and soil have been conducted on PGEs. Significant aerobic biodegradation was generally observed, with a range of biodegradation half-lives on the order of 5-25 d. Acute aquatic toxicity studies with PGEs resulted in LC50 values ranging from approximately >100 to >20,000 mg/l for freshwater fish, the pelagic invertebrate Daphnia magna, green algae Selenastrum capricornutum (now called Pseudokirchneriella capricornutum) and bacteria. Level 3 multi-media modeling (EQC model of Mackay) was used to simulate regional-scale concentrations of PGEs in air, soil, water, and sediment. Toxicity thresholds were then compared with regional-scale water, soil and sediment concentrations to determine hazard quotients. Based upon this analysis, concentrations of PGEs are unlikely to pose adverse risks to the environment.

译文

丙二醇醚(PGE)由单,二和三PGE及其几种乙酸酯组成。使用PGE的应用范围的性质表明,材料可能有意或无意地进入环境。使用选定的理化特性,命运特征,水生毒性数据和计算出的环境浓度来评估PGEs生产,处理,使用和处置的潜在风险。通常,PGE的挥发度低至中等,具有较高的水溶解度,较低的辛醇-水分配系数(Kow)和<10的生物浓缩系数,这表明它们不太可能在水生食物链中积累。非生物和生物降解过程均会降低PGEs的环境浓度。在空气中,气相PGE与光化学产生的羟基发生反应,半衰期为5.5至34.4 h。在PGE上进行了各种现成的和固有的生物降解测试方法,以及模拟废水处理厂,地表水和土壤中生物降解的测试。通常观察到重要的好氧生物降解,其生物降解半衰期范围为5-25 d。用PGE进行的急性水生毒性研究得出的淡水鱼,中上无脊椎动物Daphnia magna,绿藻Selenastrum capricornutum(现在称为Pseudokirchneriella capricornutum)和细菌的LC50值在大约> 100至> 20,000 mg / l的范围内。使用3级多媒体建模(Mackay的EQC模型)来模拟空气,土壤,水和沉积物中PGE的区域范围浓度。然后将毒性阈值与区域规模的水,土壤和沉积物浓度进行比较,以确定危险系数。根据此分析,PGEs的浓度不太可能对环境造成不利影响。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录