This paper reviews the history of modelling for cervical cancer vaccination. We provide an interpretation and summary of conclusions pertaining to the usefulness of different models, the predicted epidemiological impact of vaccination and the cost-effectiveness of adolescent, catch-up and sex-specific vaccination strategies. To date, model results predict a critical role for vaccination in reducing the burden of cervical disease, with cost-effectiveness being consistently shown across studies using a common threshold of US $50,000 per QALY, but further clinical and epidemiological data are required to confirm these findings. Through this paper, we aim to provide useful insights for decision-makers as they examine how to best evaluate the potential impact of vaccines against cervical cancer and determine how to best incorporate vaccination into practice.