Two studies were conducted to investigate visual attention deficits in dyslexia. In Experiment 1, adults with dyslexia and age- and IQ-matched controls completed a simple cueing task; participants responded to briefly presented (20 ms) eccentric targets (3 degrees , 6 degrees , or 9 degrees ) with a key press. In Experiment 2, the same participants completed a saccade version of the task, and saccade amplitude, accuracy, and latency were measured. The results revealed comparable performance between the groups on the manual reaction time task. The groups also performed similarly in saccade accuracy and latency. Moreover, neither group showed a visual field asymmetry in their performance, with the exception that adults with dyslexia showed longer saccade latency for 9 degrees targets presented to their left visual field than did controls. However, on the latter measure, the majority (78%) of those with dyslexia performed within the range of the control group. Correlational analyses revealed associations between reading and phoneme awareness in both groups, but phoneme awareness was not associated with visual attention in adult dyslexics. Together, the results are not compatible with a visual attention deficit in adult dyslexia, while they provide support for the phonological deficit hypothesis.

译文

:进行了两项研究以研究阅读障碍的视觉注意缺陷。在实验1中,患有阅读障碍以及与年龄和智商相匹配的对照的成年人完成了一个简单的提示任务。参与者通过按键对简短呈现的偏心目标(3度,6度或9度)做出了响应(20毫秒)。在实验2中,相同的参与者完成了任务的扫视版本,并测量了扫视幅度,准确性和等待时间。结果显示,在手动反应时间任务上,各组之间的性能相当。这些小组在扫视准确性和潜伏期方面的表现也相似。而且,除了患有阅读障碍的成年人向他们的左视野呈现的9度目标显示出更长的扫视潜伏期外,两组均没有表现出视野不对称。但是,在后一种情况下,阅读障碍者中的大多数(78%)在对照组的范围内进行。相关分析揭示了两组阅读和音素意识之间的关联,但是在成人阅读障碍中,音素意识与视觉注意力并不相关。总之,这些结果与成人阅读障碍的视觉注意缺陷不符,但它们为语音缺陷假说提供了支持。

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