BACKGROUND:There is increasing interest in digital technologies to help improve children and young people's mental health, and the evidence for the effectiveness for these approaches is rising. However, there is concern regarding levels of user engagement, uptake and adherence. Key guidance regarding digital health interventions stress the importance of early user input in the development, evaluation and implementation of technologies to help ensure they are engaging, feasible, acceptable and potentially effective. Co-design is a process of active involvement of stakeholders, requiring a change from the traditional approaches to intervention development. However, there is a lack of literature to inform the co-design of digital technologies to help child and adolescent mental health. METHODS:We reviewed the literature and practice in the co-design of digital mental health technologies with children and young people. We searched Medline, PsycInfo and Web of Science databases, guidelines, reviews and reference lists, contacted key authors for relevant studies, and extracted key themes on aspects of co-design relevant to practice. We supplemented this with case studies and methods reported by researchers working in the field. RESULTS:We identified 25 original articles and 30 digital mental health technologies that were designed/developed with children and young people. The themes identified were as follows: principles of co-design (including potential stakeholders and stages of involvement), methods of involving and engaging the range of users, co-designing the prototype and the challenges of co-design. CONCLUSIONS:Co-design involves all relevant stakeholders throughout the life and research cycle of the programme. This review helps to inform practitioners and researchers interested in the development of digital health technologies for children and young people. Future work in this field will need to consider the changing face of technology, methods of engaging with the diversity in the user group, and the evaluation of the co-design process and its impact on the technology.

译文

背景:人们对数字技术越来越感兴趣,以帮助改善儿童和年轻人的心理健康,并且这些方法的有效性的证据越来越多。然而,存在关于用户参与,吸收和遵守的水平的担忧。有关数字健康干预的关键指南强调了用户在技术开发,评估和实施中的早期投入的重要性,以帮助确保它们具有吸引力,可行性,可接受性和潜在有效性。协同设计是利益相关者积极参与的过程,需要从传统方法向干预开发的转变。但是,缺乏文献来指导数字技术的协同设计,以帮助儿童和青少年的心理健康。
方法:我们回顾了与儿童和年轻人共同设计数字心理健康技术的文献和实践。我们搜索了Medline,PsycInfo和Web of Science数据库,指南,评论和参考列表,联系了主要作者进行相关研究,并提取了与实践相关的协同设计方面的关键主题。我们用该领域研究人员报道的案例研究和方法来补充这一点。
结果:我们确定了25篇针对儿童和年轻人设计/开发的原创文章和30项数字心理健康技术。所确定的主题如下:共同设计的原则(包括潜在的利益相关者和参与阶段),吸引和吸引用户范围的方法,共同设计原型以及共同设计的挑战。
结论:协同设计涉及计划的整个生命周期和研究周期中的所有相关利益相关者。这篇评论有助于向对儿童和年轻人的数字医疗技术发展感兴趣的从业者和研究人员提供信息。该领域的未来工作将需要考虑技术的变化面貌,应对用户群多样性的方法以及对协同设计过程及其对技术的影响的评估。

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