Breakfast is considered by many to be the most important meal of the day. This study examined the intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast among Danes and the relation to the overall dietary quality. Data were derived from the Danish National Survey on Diet and Physical Activity 2011⁻2013, a cross-sectional national food consumption study. A total of 3680 participants aged 6⁻75 years were included in the analyses of breakfast consumption. The Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3 method was used to examine the overall dietary quality of the diet. The intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast were compared across dietary quality score tertiles by ANCOVA adjusted for energy and socio economic status. Breakfast was eaten frequently by children and adults and contributed with 18⁻20% of total energy intake. Breakfast was relatively high in dietary fibre, B vitamins, calcium and magnesium and low in added sugar, total fat, sodium, vitamin A and D. A decrease in the intake of added sugar, total fat and saturated fat and an increase in the intake of dietary fibre and most micronutrients were seen across tertiles of dietary quality scores. Commonly consumed foods provided at breakfast in Denmark included bread, breakfast cereals and dairy products as well as water, coffee and juice, while intakes of fruits, vegetables, cakes and soft drinks were low.

译文

早餐被许多人认为是一天中最重要的一餐。这项研究调查了丹麦人早餐时营养素和食物的摄入量以及与整体饮食质量的关系。数据来自丹麦全国饮食和体育活动调查2011 2013,这是一项横断面的全国食品消费研究。共有3680名年龄在6-75岁的参与者被纳入早餐消费分析。采用营养丰富的食物指数9.3方法考察了膳食的总体质量。通过ANCOVA调整了能量和社会经济地位,比较了早餐时的营养和食物摄入量,并通过饮食质量评分进行了比较。儿童和成人经常吃早餐,占总能量摄入的18 20%。早餐的膳食纤维,b族维生素,钙和镁相对较高,而糖,总脂肪,钠,维生素a和D的添加量较低。在饮食质量评分的三分位数中,添加的糖,总脂肪和饱和脂肪的摄入量减少,膳食纤维和大多数微量营养素的摄入量增加。丹麦早餐时提供的常见食物包括面包,早餐谷物和乳制品以及水,咖啡和果汁,而水果,蔬菜,蛋糕和软饮料的摄入量却很低。

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