Prescribed burning is a common management tool to control fuel loads, ground vegetation, and facilitate desirable game species. We evaluated soil fungal community responses to long-term prescribed fire treatments in a loblolly pine forest on the Piedmont of Georgia and utilized deep Internal Transcribed Spacer Region 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing afforded by the recent Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). These deep sequence data (19,000 + reads per sample after subsampling) indicate that frequent fires (3-year fire interval) shift soil fungus communities, whereas infrequent fires (6-year fire interval) permit system resetting to a state similar to that without prescribed fire. Furthermore, in nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses, primarily ectomycorrhizal taxa were correlated with axes associated with long fire intervals, whereas soil saprobes tended to be correlated with the frequent fire recurrence. We conclude that (1) multiplexed Ion Torrent PGM analyses allow deep cost effective sequencing of fungal communities but may suffer from short read lengths and inconsistent sequence quality adjacent to the sequencing adaptor; (2) frequent prescribed fires elicit a shift in soil fungal communities; and (3) such shifts do not occur when fire intervals are longer. Our results emphasize the general responsiveness of these forests to management, and the importance of fire return intervals in meeting management objectives.

译文

规定燃烧是一种常见的管理工具,可控制燃料负荷,地面植被并促进理想的游戏物种。我们评估了佐治亚州皮埃蒙特的火炬松森林中土壤真菌群落对长期规定的火处理的反应,并利用了最近的离子洪流个人基因组机器 (PGM) 提供的深层内部转录间隔区1 (ITS1) 扩增子测序。这些深度序列数据 (子采样后每个样本读取19,000个读数) 表明,频繁的火灾 (3年火灾间隔) 改变了土壤真菌群落,而不频繁的火灾 (6年火灾间隔) 允许系统重置为类似于没有规定的状态火。此外,在非度量多维标度分析中,主要是外生菌根类群与长火灾间隔相关的轴相关,而土壤腐生倾向于与频繁的火灾复发相关。我们得出的结论是 :( 1) 多重离子激流PGM分析允许对真菌群落进行深度经济有效的测序,但可能遭受短的读取长度和与测序适配器相邻的序列质量不一致的困扰; (2) 频繁的规定火灾引起土壤真菌群落的转变; (3) 当火灾间隔较长时,不会发生这种变化。我们的结果强调了这些森林对管理的总体响应能力,以及回火间隔在实现管理目标中的重要性。

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