Serum of animal origin and in particular fetal bovine serum is the most commonly utilized cell culture medium additive for in vitro cell growth and differentiation. However, several major concerns have been raised by the scientific community regarding the use of animal sera for human cell-based culture applications. Among the possible alternatives to the animal serum, platelet-derived compounds have been proposed since more than 10 years. Nevertheless, the high degree of variability between the different platelet preparations, and the lack of standardized manufacturing and quality control procedures, made difficult to reach a consensus on the applicability of this novel cell culture medium supplement. In this study, we describe the preparation of a standardized platelet-rich plasma (PRP) derivative obtained starting from human-certified buffy coat samples with a defined platelet concentration and following protocols including also freeze-drying, gamma irradiation and biological activity testing prior the product release as cell culture medium additive. Biological activity testing of the different preparations was done by determining the capability of the different PRP preparations to sustain human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) clone formation and proliferation. Taking advantage of a developed MSC in vitro clonogenicity test, we also determined biological activity and stability of the freeze-dried gamma-sterilized PRP preparations after their storage for different times and at different temperatures. The PRP effects on cell proliferation were determined both on primary cell cultures established from different tissues and on a cell line. Results were compared with those obtained in "traditional" parallel control cultures performed in the presence of bovine serum [10% fetal calf serum (FCS)]. Compared to FCS, the PRP addition to the culture medium increased the MSC colony number and average size. In primary cell cultures and in cell line cultures, the PRP promoted cell proliferation also in conditions where the FCS had not a proliferation stimulating effect due to either the nature of the cells and the tissue of origin (such as human articular chondrocytes from elderly patients) or to the critical low density cell seeding (such as for HeLa cells). In summary, the standardized PRP formulation would provide an "off-the-shelf" product to be used for the selection and expansion of several cell types also in critical cell culture conditions.

译文

动物来源的血清,特别是胎牛血清是最常用的细胞培养基添加剂,用于体外细胞生长和分化。然而,科学界对将动物血清用于基于人类细胞的培养应用提出了一些主要问题。在动物血清的可能替代品中,已有10多年的历史提出了血小板衍生化合物。然而,不同血小板制剂之间的高度差异,以及缺乏标准化的制造和质量控制程序,使得很难就这种新型细胞培养基补充剂的适用性达成共识。在这项研究中,我们描述了一种标准化的富血小板血浆 (PRP) 衍生物的制备,该衍生物是从具有确定的血小板浓度的人类认证的血沉棕黄涂层样品开始获得的,并且以下方案还包括冷冻干燥,γ 辐照和生物活性测试。产品作为细胞培养基添加剂释放。通过确定不同PRP制剂维持人骨髓间充质干细胞 (MSC) 克隆形成和增殖的能力,对不同制剂进行了生物活性测试。利用开发的MSC体外克隆性测试,我们还确定了冷冻干燥的 γ-灭菌PRP制剂在不同时间和不同温度下储存后的生物活性和稳定性。PRP对细胞增殖的影响是在从不同组织建立的原代细胞培养物和细胞系上确定的。将结果与在存在牛血清 [10% 胎牛血清 (FCS)] 的情况下进行的 “传统” 平行对照培养物中获得的结果进行比较。与FCS相比,向培养基中添加PRP增加了MSC菌落数和平均大小。在原代细胞培养和细胞系培养中,在FCS由于细胞的性质和起源组织 (例如老年患者的人关节软骨细胞) 或临界低密度细胞接种而没有增殖刺激作用的条件下,PRP也促进了细胞增殖 (例如HeLa细胞)。总之,标准化的PRP制剂将提供一种 “现成的” 产品,用于在临界细胞培养条件下选择和扩增几种细胞类型。

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