• 【全基因组范围内的小鼠卵巢育性基因的发现和分类。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1534/genetics.107.074823 复制DOI
    作者列表:Gallardo TD,John GB,Shirley L,Contreras CM,Akbay EA,Haynie JM,Ward SE,Shidler MJ,Castrillon DH
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Female infertility syndromes are among the most prevalent chronic health disorders in women, but their genetic basis remains unknown because of uncertainty regarding the number and identity of ovarian factors controlling the assembly, preservation, and maturation of ovarian follicles. To systematically discover ovarian fertility genes en masse, we employed a mouse model (Foxo3) in which follicles are assembled normally but then undergo synchronous activation. We developed a microarray-based approach for the systematic discovery of tissue-specific genes and, by applying it to Foxo3 ovaries and other samples, defined a surprisingly large set of ovarian factors (n = 348, approximately 1% of the mouse genome). This set included the vast majority of known ovarian factors, 44% of which when mutated produce female sterility phenotypes, but most were novel. Comparative profiling of other tissues, including microdissected oocytes and somatic cells, revealed distinct gene classes and provided new insights into oogenesis and ovarian function, demonstrating the utility of our approach for tissue-specific gene discovery. This study will thus facilitate comprehensive analyses of follicle development, ovarian function, and female infertility.
    背景与目标: 女性不育综合症是女性中最普遍的慢性健康疾病,但由于不确定控制卵巢卵泡组装,保存和成熟的卵巢因子的数量和特性,其遗传基础仍然未知。为了系统地发现卵巢育性基因,我们采用了小鼠模型(Foxo3),其中卵泡正常组装,然后进行同步激活。我们开发了一种基于微阵列的方法来系统地发现组织特异性基因,并将其应用于Foxo3卵巢和其他样品,从而定义了一套令人惊讶的卵巢因子集合(n = 348,约占小鼠基因组的1%)。该组包括绝大多数已知的卵巢因子,其中44%发生突变时会产生女性不育表型,但大多数是新颖的。对其他组织的比较分析,包括显微解剖的卵母细胞和体细胞,揭示了不同的基因类别,并提供了有关卵子发生和卵巢功能的新见解,证明了我们的方法可用于组织特异性基因的发现。因此,这项研究将有助于对卵泡发育,卵巢功能和女性不育症的综合分析。
  • 【Mimusops elengi的水果提取物可导致雄性小鼠精子发生和生育能力的可逆抑制。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/and.12516 复制DOI
    作者列表:Singh N,Singh SK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Antifertility efficacy of oral administration of aqueous fruit extract of Mimusops elengi (200, 400 and 600 mg kg(-1) body weight/day for 35 days) was evaluated in Parkes strain male mice. Various reproductive end points such as histopathology, sperm parameters, testosterone level, haematology, serum biochemistry and fertility indices were assessed; activities of 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, and immunoblot expressions of StAR and P450scc in the testis were also assessed. Histologically, testes in Mimusops-treated mice showed nonuniform and diverse degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules; both affected and normal tubules were observed in the same sections of testis. The treatment had adverse effects on testicular hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and StAR and P450scc, serum level of testosterone and on motility, viability and number of spermatozoa in cauda epididymis. However, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine, and haematological parameters were not affected by the treatment. Also, libido was not affected in treated males, but their fertility was markedly suppressed. By 56 days of treatment withdrawal, the alterations caused in the above parameters recovered to control levels, suggesting that Mimusops treatment causes reversible suppression of spermatogenesis and fertility in Parkes mice. Further, there were no detectable signs of toxicity in treated males.
    背景与目标: :在Parkes品系雄性小鼠中评估了口服Mimusops elengi水果水提取物(200、400和600 mg kg(-1)体重/天持续35天)的抗生育功效。评估了各种生殖终点,例如组织病理学,精子参数,睾丸激素水平,血液学,血清生化指标和生育指数。还评估了3β-和17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶的活性以及StAR和P450scc在睾丸中的免疫印迹表达。从组织学的角度看,用Mimusops处理的小鼠的睾丸在曲细精管中显示出不均匀且多样的变性变化。在睾丸的同一部分观察到了受影响的和正常的肾小管。该治疗对睾丸羟基睾丸类固醇脱氢酶和StAR和P450scc,血清睾丸激素水平以及附睾尾部精子的活力,生存力和精子数量有不利影响。但是,该治疗不会影响血清丙氨酸转氨酶,天冬氨酸转氨酶和肌酐的水平以及血液学参数。同样,性欲受治疗的男性并未受到影响,但其生育能力明显受到抑制。停药56天后,上述参数引起的改变恢复到控制水平,这表明Mimusops治疗可逆地抑制Parkes小鼠的精子发生和生育能力。此外,在治疗的男性中没有可检测到的毒性迹象。
  • 【在保留生育力的改良型腹部根治性气管切除术中保留上行子宫动脉的安全性和有效性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.06.053 复制DOI
    作者列表:Wang Y,Peng Y,Lin Z,Yao T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the outcome of preserving the ascending uterine artery in a modified fertility-sparing abdominal radical trachelectomy and understand whether preserving uterine arteries during abdominal radical trachelectomy is helpful for patients. METHODS:From September 2005 to September 2019, 31 early uterine cervical cancer patients who underwent modified fertility-sparing abdominal radical trachelectomy were enrolled in this study, and were followed up in our cancer center. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis was advised as the initial investigation to evaluate the ascending uterine artery in 11 patients. The major outcomes were recurrence, mortality, CT results and obstetric outcomes. RESULTS:During the median follow-up of 56 months, two recurrences were recorded. Among 11 patients who underwent CT, none of them showed uterine arteries occlusion. Fifteen patients attempted to conceive, and 5 pregnancies were achieved in 5 patients. Hence, the pregnancy rate among patients who attempted to conceive was 33.3 %. There was only one artificial first-trimester abortion. Three pregnancies resulted in live births, and two of them got full-term births. CONCLUSIONS:The modified fertility-sparing abdominal radical trachelectomy in preserving uterine arteries is effective, and it is recommended that surgeon should retain the uterine artery as much as possible during operation.
    背景与目标: 目的:评估改良保留生育能力的腹部根治性气管切除术中保留子宫上行动脉的结果,并了解在腹部根治性气管切除术中保留子宫动脉是否对患者有帮助。
    方法:自2005年9月至2019年9月,本研究招募了31例接受改良保留生育能力的腹部根治性气管切开术的早期子宫宫颈癌患者,并在我们的癌症中心进行了随访。建议将腹部和骨盆的计算机断层扫描(CT)作为评估11例子宫上升动脉的初步研究。主要结局是复发,死亡率,CT结果和产科结局。
    结果:在中位随访56个月期间,记录了两次复发。在接受CT扫描的11例患者中,没有一例显示子宫动脉闭塞。 15名患者尝试受孕,其中5名患者完成了5次怀孕。因此,试图受孕的妇女中的妊娠率为33.3%。只有一次人工流产。 3例怀孕导致活产,其中2例足月出生。
    结论:改良保留生育能力的腹部根治性气管切开术在保留子宫动脉方面是有效的,建议外科医生在手术期间应尽可能保留子宫动脉。
  • 【性别偏见的拮抗剂对男性和女性生育力的直接和间接影响:对两性异形植物生殖性状进化的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1086/513150 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ashman TL,Penet L
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Gender-dimorphic plants are often subject to sex-differential enemy attack, but whether and how this contributes to trait evolution is unknown. To address this gap, we documented the spatiotemporal prevalence of sex-biased weevil damage in a gynodioecious strawberry. We then conducted path analysis to evaluate the direct and indirect pathways for weevils to affect female and male fertility and to mediate selection in two experimental gardens. Direct effects of weevils significantly reduced fertility and mediated selection on reproductive traits, even in the nonpreferred sex (females). Weevils significantly reduced floral display size in hermaphrodites in both gardens, and this translated into a substantial negative indirect effect on male fertility in the garden where the pathway to fertility via display was stronger. Thus, indirect effects of weevils can contribute to selection in hermaphrodites, which gain the majority of their fitness via male function. Our results also indicate that weevils often play a larger role than pollinators in shaping reproductive phenotype and thus raise the intriguing possibility that antagonists may be drivers of sexual dimorphism. Finally, our results support the view that mutualists, antagonists, and the abiotic environment should be considered when attempting to understand reproductive trait evolution in gender-dimorphic species.
    背景与目标: :性别不同的植物通常会受到性别差异的敌人的攻击,但是这是否以及如何促进性状演变尚不清楚。为了解决这一差距,我们记录了雌雄同体的草莓中性别偏爱的象鼻虫的时空流行情况。然后,我们进行了路径分析,以评估象鼻虫影响雌雄育性并介导两个实验花园中选择的直接和间接途径。象鼻虫的直接影响显着降低了生育能力和对生殖性状的介导选择,即使在非优选性别(女性)中也是如此。象鼻虫显着减少了两个花园中雌雄同体的花卉展示尺寸,这转化为对男性生殖力的负面影响,在花园中,雄性通过展示的途径更强。因此,象鼻虫的间接作用可能有助于雌雄同体的选择,而雌雄同体通过雄性功能获得了大部分适应性。我们的结果还表明,在塑造生殖表型方面,象鼻虫通常比传粉媒介发挥更大的作用,因此增加了拮抗剂可能是性二态性驱动因素的有趣可能性。最后,我们的结果支持这样的观点,即在试图了解性别双态物种的生殖性状进化时,应考虑互惠生,拮抗剂和非生物环境。
  • 【为人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性患者提供的生育服务:提供者的政策,做法和观点。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.05.017 复制DOI
    作者列表:Stanitis JA,Grow DR,Wiczyk H
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To examine demand for, and access to, fertility services for HIV-positive patients in the United States. DESIGN:An electronic survey. SETTING:The URL for the Web-based survey was e-mailed to those surveyed. PATIENT(S):The 916 members of the Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Policy and practice in evaluation and treatment of HIV-positive and HIV-serodiscordant couples who desire conception, demand for services, and perceived barriers to providing these services. RESULT(S):The response rate was 22%. Forty percent of respondents reported policies. Fifty-one percent reported requests. Sixty-four percent reported offering treatment to HIV-serodiscordant couples, and 57% reported offering treatment to HIV-positive couples. Treatments most frequently offered to HIV-serodiscordant male-positive couples were reproductive surgery (50%), ovulation induction (46%), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (45%). Twenty-nine percent of those offering treatment test-washed specimens for HIV. Factors limiting care included the following: low volume of requests (45%), concern for child welfare (37%), no laboratory policy (32%), and legal risk (32%). CONCLUSION(S):Patients who are HIV-positive are seeking fertility services in the United States. The small demand is a major limiting factor to provision of services. There is a lack of global application of current American Society of Reproductive Medicine guidelines. Provider education is needed to ensure that the safest reproductive services are offered to HIV-positive patients. Legal reform is imperative to improve access to reproductive services for the HIV-positive population.
    背景与目标: 目的:研究美国艾滋病毒抗体阳性患者对生育服务的需求和获得途径。
    设计:电子调查。
    设置:基于Web的调查的URL已通过电子邮件发送给被调查者。
    患者:美国生殖医学学会生殖内分泌学和不孕症协会的916名成员。
    主要观察指标:评估和治疗对HIV阳性和HIV血清不一致的夫妇的观念和治疗,他们期望受孕,对服务的需求以及对提供这些服务的认知障碍。
    结果:回应率为22%。 40%的受访者报告了政策。百分之五十一报告了请求。 64%的人报告为艾滋病毒血清不一致的夫妇提供治疗,而57%的人报告为HIV阳性夫妇提供治疗。艾滋病毒-血清不一致的男性阳性夫妇最常使用的治疗方法是生殖手术(50%),排卵诱导(46%)和胞浆内精子注射(45%)。提供治疗测试样本的29%的HIV感染者。限制照料的因素包括:要求量少(45%),对儿童福利的关注(37%),没有实验室政策(32%)和法律风险(32%)。
    结论:艾滋病毒呈阳性的患者正在美国寻求生育服务。需求少是提供服务的主要限制因素。当前美国生殖医学学会指南缺乏全球应用。需要对提供者进行教育,以确保为HIV阳性患者提供最安全的生殖服务。必须进行法律改革,以增加艾滋病毒抗体阳性人群获得生殖服务的机会。
  • 【尽管生物生育力稳定,但对体外受精的需求却在不断增长-一种欧洲悖论。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.04.030 复制DOI
    作者列表:Te Velde E,Habbema D,Nieschlag E,Sobotka T,Burdorf A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: -2
    背景与目标: -2
  • 7 Influence of pesticides on male fertility. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【农药对男性生育力的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.5271/sjweh.1060 复制DOI
    作者列表:Bretveld R,Brouwers M,Ebisch I,Roeleveld N
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Several studies have shown a decline in human semen quality and increased risks of male subfertility. This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of pesticide-induced reproductive toxicity and the effects on male fertility since exposure to pesticides may be one of the causes of these disorders. Pesticides may directly damage spermatozoa, alter Sertoli cell or Leydig cell function, or disrupt the endocrine function in any stage of hormonal regulation (hormone synthesis, release, storage, transport, and clearance; receptor recognition and binding; thyroid function; and the central nervous system). These mechanisms are described with respect to the effects of pesticide exposure in vitro and in vivo. In epidemiologic studies, effects on sperm quality and time to pregnancy are reviewed. Clear effects on male fertility have been demonstrated for some pesticides [eg, dibromochloropropane, ethylene dibromide]. But results from more recent studies are inconsistent, and no uniform conclusion can be drawn about the effects of pesticides on male reproduction.
    背景与目标: :多项研究表明,人类精液质量下降,男性不育症的风险增加。本文概述了农药引起的生殖毒性机理及其对男性生育力的影响,因为接触农药可能是造成这些疾病的原因之一。农药可在荷尔蒙调节的任何阶段(激素合成,释放,储存,运输和清除;受体识别和结合;受体识别和结合;甲状腺功能;以及中枢神经)直接破坏精子,改变Sertoli细胞或Leydig细胞功能,或破坏内分泌功能。系统)。关于体外和体内农药暴露的影响,描述了这些机制。在流行病学研究中,综述了对精子质量和怀孕时间的影响。对于某些农药(例如,二溴氯丙烷,二溴乙烷),已证明对男性生育力有明显影响。但是最近的研究结果并不一致,也无法就农药对雄性生殖的影响得出统一的结论。
  • 【镰状细胞病患者的急性疼痛危机,在进行治愈性干细胞移植之前进行卵巢模拟以保存生育力:病例报告和文献复习。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s10815-017-1008-1 复制DOI
    作者列表:Matthews M,Pollack R
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a cure for sickle cell disease (SCD) but frequently results in permanent sterility. The complications associated with oocyte cryopreservation and risks of future pregnancy are increased in SCD patients. This case report discusses risk reduction strategies and includes a literature review of pregnancy after HSCT. CASE:A 23-year-old woman underwent ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation resulting in cancelation due to acute pain crisis. She underwent a successful oocyte retrieval after exchange transfusion to decrease her hemoglobin S to 30%. This is the second report of a pain crisis in a woman with SCD undergoing oocyte banking. CONCLUSION(S):Women with SCD undergoing fertility preservation may be at increased risk of complications from ovarian stimulation. Risks in pregnancy after HSCT should also be considered before proceeding with fertility preservation.
    背景与目标: 目的:造血干细胞移植(HSCT)可以治愈镰状细胞病(SCD),但通常会导致永久性不育。 SCD患者与卵母细胞冷冻保存相关的并发症和未来怀孕的风险增加。该病例报告讨论了降低风险的策略,并包括了HSCT后妊娠的文献综述。
    案例:一名23岁妇女接受卵巢刺激以保持生育能力,并由于急性疼痛危机而取消治疗。交换输血后,她的卵母细胞恢复成功,使血红蛋白S降至30%。这是第二例有关患有卵母细胞沉积的SCD妇女的疼痛危机的报告。
    结论:患有SCD的妇女在保持生育能力的情况下,卵巢刺激引起并发症的风险可能增加。在保留生育能力之前,还应考虑HSCT后怀孕的风险。
  • 【水杨基偶氮磺吡啶(磺胺嘧啶)对男性生育力的影响。回顾。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2605.1986.tb00866.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Giwercman A,Skakkebaek NE
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP), a drug used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, has been reported to depress the fertility in males. Therefore, some authors have proposed SASP as a new lead in the search for a contraceptive for men. Based on a review of the literature, our conclusion is that SASP taken in tolerable doses has not sufficient antifertility effect. Additionally, the drug has too serious and too many side effects to be accepted as a contraceptive. However, the effect on male fertility of other sulfa drugs and related compounds remains to be investigated.
    背景与目标: :Salicylazosulfapyridine(SASP),一种用于治疗炎症性肠病的药物,据称会降低男性的生育能力。因此,一些作者提出SASP作为寻找男性避孕药的新途径。根据文献回顾,我们的结论是,以可接受的剂量服用SASP并没有足够的抗生育作用。另外,该药物具有太严重和太多的副作用而不能被接受为避孕药。但是,其他磺胺类药物和相关化合物对男性生育能力的影响仍有待研究。
  • 【男女同性恋者和未婚者获得生育治疗。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.08.085 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :This statement explores the implications of reproduction by single and homosexual individuals and concludes that ethical arguments supporting denial of access to fertility services on the basis of marital status or sexual orientation cannot be justified.
    背景与目标: :该陈述探讨了单身和同性恋者生殖的影响,并得出结论认为,基于婚姻状况或性取向而拒绝提供生育服务的道德论据是没有道理的。
  • 【精子运动和雄性受精所需要的精子离子通道。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/35098027 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ren D,Navarro B,Perez G,Jackson AC,Hsu S,Shi Q,Tilly JL,Clapham DE
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Calcium and cyclic nucleotides have crucial roles in mammalian fertilization, but the molecules comprising the Ca2+-permeation pathway in sperm motility are poorly understood. Here we describe a putative sperm cation channel, CatSper, whose amino-acid sequence most closely resembles a single, six-transmembrane-spanning repeat of the voltage-dependent Ca2+-channel four-repeat structure. CatSper is located specifically in the principal piece of the sperm tail. Targeted disruption of the gene results in male sterility in otherwise normal mice. Sperm motility is decreased markedly in CatSper-/- mice, and CatSper-/- sperm are unable to fertilize intact eggs. In addition, the cyclic-AMP-induced Ca2+ influx is abolished in the sperm of mutant mice. CatSper is thus vital to cAMP-mediated Ca2+ influx in sperm, sperm motility and fertilization. CatSper represents an excellent target for non-hormonal contraceptives for both men and women.
    背景与目标: 钙和环状核苷酸在哺乳动物受精中起关键作用,但对精子运动中包含Ca2渗透途径的分子了解甚少。在这里,我们描述了一个假定的精子阳离子通道,CatSper,其氨基酸序列最类似于电压依赖性Ca2通道四重复结构的单个跨膜跨度为6的重复序列。 CatSper特别位于精子尾巴的主要部分。基因的靶向破坏导致其他正常小鼠的雄性不育。 CatSper-/-小鼠的精子活力明显降低,CatSper //-精子无法使完整的卵受精。另外,在突变小鼠的精子中消除了环AMP诱导的Ca 2内流。因此,CatSper对于cAMP介导的Ca2流入精子,精子运动和受精至关重要。 CatSper代表男女非激素避孕药的绝佳目标。
  • 【吉利亚(Gilia)一个物种杂交中的生存力与生育力之间的联系。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Grant V
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: -2
    背景与目标: -2
  • 【使用来自丹麦荷斯坦奶牛的真实和模拟数据,对女性生育力中的优势作用进行全基因组关联映射。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-59788-5 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mao X,Sahana G,Johansson AM,Liu A,Ismael A,Løvendahl P,De Koning DJ,Guldbrandtsen B
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Exploring dominance variance and loci contributing to dominance variation is important to understand the genetic architecture behind quantitative traits. The objectives of this study were i) to estimate dominance variances, ii) to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with dominant effects, and iii) to evaluate the power and the precision of identifying loci with dominance effect through post-hoc simulations, with applications for female fertility in Danish Holstein cattle. The female fertility records analyzed were number of inseminations (NINS), days from calving to first insemination (ICF), and days from the first to last insemination (IFL), covering both abilities to recycle and to get pregnant in the female reproductive cycle. There were 3,040 heifers and 4,483 cows with both female fertility records and Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip genotypes (35,391 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) after quality control). Genomic best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) models were used to estimate additive and dominance genetic variances. Linear mixed models were used for association analyses. A post-hoc simulation study was performed using genotyped heifers' data. In heifers, estimates of dominance genetic variances for female fertility traits were larger than additive genetic variances, but had large standard errors. The variance components for fertility traits in cows could not be estimated due to non-convergence of the statistical model. In total, five QTL located on chromosomes 9, 11 (2 QTL), 19, and 28 were identified and all of them showed both additive and dominance genetic effects. Among them, the SNP rs29018921 on chromosome 9 is close to a previously identified QTL in Nordic Holstein for interval between first and last insemination. This SNP is located in the 3' untranslated region of gene peptidylprolyl isomerase like 4 (PPIL4), which was shown to be associated with milk production traits in US Holstein cattle but not known for fertility-related functions. Simulations indicated that the current sample size had limited power to detect QTL with dominance effects for female fertility probably due to low QTL variance. More females need to be genotyped to achieve reliable mapping of QTL with dominance effects for female fertility.
    背景与目标: :探索优势变异和导致优势变异的基因座对于理解定量性状背后的遗传结构很重要。这项研究的目的是:i)估计优势变异,ii)检测具有显性效应的数量性状基因座(QTL),iii)评估通过事后模拟,丹麦荷斯坦牛的雌性育性应用。分析的女性生育率记录为受精次数(NINS),从产犊到第一次受精的天数(ICF)和从第一次受精到最后一次受精的天数(IFL),涵盖了女性生殖周期中的循环能力和受孕能力。有3,040头小母牛和4,483头母牛既有雌性育种记录,又有Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip基因型(质量控制后有35,391个单核苷酸多态性(SNP))。基因组最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP)模型用于估计加性和优势遗传方差。线性混合模型用于关联分析。使用基因型小母牛的数据进行了事后模拟研究。在小母牛中,女性育性性状的优势遗传方差估计值大于加性遗传方差,但标准误较大。由于统计模型的不收敛性,无法估计母牛生育力特征的方差成分。总共鉴定出了位于9号,11号(2个QTL),19号和28号染色体上的5个QTL,它们都显示了加性和优势遗传效应。其中,第9号染色体上的SNP rs29018921接近先前在Nordic Holstein中确定的QTL,在第一次和最后一次授精之间。该SNP位于像4(PPIL4)的肽基脯氨酰异构酶基因的3'非翻译区,已显示与美国荷斯坦牛的奶生产性状有关,但与生育力相关的功能未知。模拟表明,当前的样本量检测QTL的能力有限,可能对QTL的影响较小,这对女性的生育力具有主导作用。需要对更多的雌性进行基因分型以实现可靠的QTL定位,并具有显着的雌性育性效应。
  • 【狒狒子宫内膜异位症模型:对生育的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/1477-7827-4-S1-S7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hastings JM,Fazleabas AT
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Endometriosis is one of the most common causes of chronic pelvic pain and infertility in women in the reproductive age group. Although the existence of this disease has been known for over 100 years our current knowledge of its pathogenesis and the pathophysiology of its related infertility remains unclear. Several reasons contribute to our lack of knowledge, the most critical being the difficulty in carrying out objective long-term studies in women. Thus, we and others have developed a model of this disease in the non-human primate, the baboon (Papio anubis). Intraperitoneal inoculation of autologous menstrual endometrium results in the development of endometriotic lesions with gross morphological characteristics similar to those seen in the human. Multiple factors have been implicated in endometriosis-associated infertility. We have described aberrant levels of factors involved in multiple pathways important in the establishment of pregnancy, in the endometrium of baboons induced with endometriosis. Specifically, we have observed dysregulation of proteins involved in invasion, angiogenesis, methylation, cell growth, immunomodulation, and steroid hormone action. These data suggest that, in an induced model of endometriosis in the baboon, an increased angiogenic capacity, decreased apoptotic potential, progesterone resistance, estrogen hyper-responsiveness, and an inability to respond appropriately to embryonic signals contribute to the reduced fecundity associated with this disease.
    背景与目标: 子宫内膜异位症是生殖年龄组女性慢性盆腔疼痛和不育的最常见原因之一。尽管已经知道这种疾病的存在已有100多年了,但我们目前对其发病机理及其相关不育症的病理生理学的了解仍不清楚。造成我们缺乏知识的原因有很多,最关键的是难以对女性进行客观的长期研究。因此,我们和其他人在非人类的灵长类狒狒(狒狒)中建立了这种疾病的模型。自体月经子宫内膜的腹膜接种导致子宫内膜异位病变的发展,其形态特征与人类相似。子宫内膜异位症相关的不孕症涉及多种因素。我们已经描述了子宫内膜异位症诱发的狒狒子宫内膜中参与建立重要妊娠的多种途径的因素的异常水平。具体而言,我们已经观察到与侵袭,血管生成,甲基化,细胞生长,免疫调节和类固醇激素作用有关的蛋白质失调。这些数据表明,在狒狒子宫内膜异位症的诱发模型中,血管生成能力增强,凋亡潜能降低,孕酮抵抗,雌激素高反应性以及无法对胚胎信号做出适当反应,导致与该疾病相关的生殖力降低。 。
  • 【评价氯氰菊酯农药对雄性大鼠某些生殖和生育参数的毒性潜力。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s002440010280 复制DOI
    作者列表:Elbetieha A,Da'as SI,Khamas W,Darmani H
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to tap water containing 0, 8,571, 17,143, or 34,286 ppm cypermethrin for 12 weeks. Based on water consumption per animal per day the rats received 13.15, 18.93, and 39.66 mg cypermethrin, respectively. Fertility was significantly reduced in male rats ingesting cypermethrin at a concentration of 13.15 and 18.93 mg in that the number of females impregnated by them was significantly reduced. The number of implantation sites was significantly reduced in females mated with males that had ingested cypermethrin at a concentration of 39.66 mg. A significant reduction in the number of viable fetuses was observed in females impregnated by the exposed males at all three doses of cypermethrin. The body weight gain was significantly lower in the treated males. Ingestion of cypermethrin at a concentration of 18.93 or 39.66 mg per day resulted in a significant increase in the weights of testes and seminal vesicles. Preputial gland weights were increased at all three concentrations of cypermethrin. Epididymal and testicular sperm counts as well as daily sperm production were significantly decreased in exposed males. The serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were significantly reduced in males exposed to 39.66 mg per day. Ingestion of cypermethrin at 18.93 and 39.66 mg/animal/day also resulted in a significant decrease in the perimeter and number of cell layers of the seminiferous tubules. The testes of treated animals were infiltrated with congested blood vessels with marked hemorrhage and a significant accumulation of connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules, which contained a large number of immature spermatids. These results clearly demonstrate the adverse effects of cypermethrin pesticide on fertility and reproduction in male rats.

    背景与目标: 将成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠暴露于含有0、8,571、17,143或34,286 ppm氯氰菊酯的自来水中12周。基于每只动物每天的耗水量,大鼠分别接受了13.15、18.93和39.66 mg的氯氰菊酯。以13.15和18.93 mg的浓度摄入氯氰菊酯的雄性大鼠的生育力显着降低,因为其浸渍的雌性数量显着减少。在雌性和雄性中,摄入氯氰菊酯的浓度为39.66 mg的雌性与雄性交配时,其植入位点的数量显着减少。在所有三种剂量的氯氰菊酯中,暴露的雄性所浸渍的雌性中观察到的存活胎儿数量均显着减少。接受治疗的男性的体重增加明显较低。每天摄入18.93或39.66 mg的氯氰菊酯会导致睾丸和精囊重量的显着增加。氯氰菊酯的所有三种浓度都增加了腺体的重量。裸露的男性的附睾和睾丸精子计数以及每日精子产量显着下降。每天暴露于39.66 mg的男性中,睾丸激素,促卵泡激素和促黄体生成素的血清水平显着降低。摄入氯氰菊酯的量为18.93和39.66 mg /动物/天,这也导致生精小管的周长和细胞层数量显着减少。被治疗动物的睾丸被充血的血管浸润,有明显的出血,并且周围有大量未成熟精子的曲细精管周围结缔组织大量积聚。这些结果清楚地说明了氯氰菊酯农药对雄性大鼠生育和繁殖的不利影响。

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