• 【了解父亲在儿童体育活动中的作用:定性研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1123/jpah.2019-0386 复制DOI
    作者列表:Neshteruk CD,Jones DJ,Skinner A,Ammerman A,Tate DF,Ward DS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Parents are influential in supporting children's physical activity, but relatively little is known about the role of fathers in children's physical activity. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews (n = 24) were conducted with low-active and active fathers of children 3-11 years old. Deductive thematic analysis was used to identify fathers' physical activity practices and understand how fathers interact with their children around physical activity. RESULTS:All fathers demonstrated coparticipation in physical activity with their children. Other physical activity practices commonly used by fathers included as follows: facilitation of active opportunities, modeling, involvement through coaching or teaching, and encouragement. In addition, fathers viewed physical activity as an opportunity to spend time with their children to bond and develop shared interests. Finally, fathers perceived their role in children's physical activity to be different compared with mothers. Regarding father activity level, active fathers discussed modeling more frequently and tended to engage in a variety of different activities compared with low-active fathers. CONCLUSIONS:Fathers play an important role in their children's physical activity, suggesting that physical activity may be one context in which to prompt paternal involvement, foster father-child relationships, and strengthen paternal parenting.
    背景与目标: 背景:父母在支持儿童的体育锻炼方面具有影响力,但对于父亲在儿童的体育锻炼中的作用知之甚少。
    方法:半结构化访谈(n = 24)是针对3-11岁儿童的低活跃度和活跃度的父亲进行的。演绎主题分析被用来识别父亲的体育锻炼习惯,并了解父亲如何围绕体育锻炼与孩子互动。
    结果:所有父亲都表现出与孩子一起参加体育活动。父亲通常使用的其他体育锻炼方法包括:促进积极的机会,建立榜样,通过教练或教学参与以及鼓励。此外,父亲认为体育锻炼是与孩子共度时光的机会,以建立和发展共同的兴趣。最后,与母亲相比,父亲认为他们在孩子的体育锻炼中的作用有所不同。关于父亲的活动水平,活跃的父亲与低活跃的父亲相比,更频繁地讨论建模,并且倾向于从事各种不同的活动。
    结论:父亲在孩子的体育活动中起着重要作用,这表明体育活动可能是促使父母参与,促进父子关系并加强父母育儿的一种环境。
  • 【准父亲的分娩恐惧:瑞典一项区域队列研究的结果。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2013.01.001 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hildingsson I,Johansson M,Fenwick J,Haines H,Rubertsson C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:to investigate the prevalence of childbirth related fear in Swedish fathers and associated factors. DESIGN:a regional cohort study. Data was collected by a questionnaire. SETTING:three hospitals in the middle-north part of Sweden PARTICIPANTS:1047 expectant fathers recruited in mid-pregnancy during one year (2007) who completed the Fear of Birth Scale (FOBS). MEASUREMENTS:prevalence of childbirth fear and associated factors. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated between men who scored 50 and above (childbirth fear) and those that did not (no fear). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess which factors contributed most to childbirth fear in fathers. FINDINGS:the prevalence of childbirth fear in men was 13.6%. Factors associated with childbirth related fear were as follows: Less positive feelings about the approaching birth (OR 3.4; 2.2-5.2), country of birth other than Sweden (OR 2.8; 1.3-6.1), a preference for a caesarean birth (OR 2.1; 1.7-4.1), childbirth thoughts in mid-pregnancy (OR 1.9; 1.1-2.0) and expecting the first baby (OR 1.8; 1.2-2.6). KEY CONCLUSIONS:high levels of fear were associated with first time fathers and being a non-native to Sweden. Men with fear were more likely to experience pregnancy and the coming birth as a negative event. These men were also more likely to identify caesarean section as their preferred mode of birth. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:engaging expectant fathers in antenatal conversations about their experiences of pregnancy and feelings about birth provides health-care professionals with an opportunity to address childbirth fear, share relevant information and promote birth as a normal but significant life event.
    背景与目标: 目的:调查瑞典父亲中与分娩有关的恐惧的患病率及相关因素。
    设计:区域队列研究。通过问卷收集数据。
    地点:瑞典中北部的三所医院
    参加者:1047名在一年(2007年)中怀孕的准父亲完成了出生恐惧量表(FOBS)。
    测量:分娩恐惧的发生率及相关因素。计算得分在50分以上(恐惧分娩)和未得分(无恐惧)的男性之间的粗略和调整后的优势比。 Logistic回归分析用于评估哪些因素对父亲的分娩恐惧影响最大。
    结果:男性对分娩恐惧的患病率为13.6%。与分娩相关的恐惧相关的因素如下:对即将出生的人(OR 3.4; 2.2-5.2),瑞典以外的出生国(OR 2.8; 1.3-6.1)不太乐观,对剖腹产的偏爱(OR 2.1)。 ; 1.7-4.1),怀孕中期的分娩想法(OR 1.9; 1.1-2.0)并期待第一胎(OR 1.8; 1.2-2.6)。
    关键结论:高度恐惧与初生父亲有关,并且不是瑞典人的原住民。有恐惧感的男人更有可能经历怀孕和分娩,这是一个负面事件。这些男人也更有可能将剖腹产确定为他们的首选分娩方式。
    实践的意义:让准父亲参加有关他们的怀孕经历和对出生的感觉的产前谈话,使卫生保健专业人员有机会解决分娩恐惧,分享相关信息并促进出生,这是正常但重要的生活事件。
  • 【支持土著父亲戒烟的策略:定性参与研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1177/1557988318806438 复制DOI
    作者列表:Bottorff JL,Sarbit G,Oliffe JL,Caperchione CM,Wilson D,Huisken A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :There is a need for tailored smoking cessation programs specifically for Indigenous fathers who want to quit smoking.The aim of this study was to engage Indigenous men and key informants in guiding cultural adaptations to the Dads in Gear (DIG) cessation program. In Phase 1 of this qualitative participatory study, Indigenous men were engaged in group sessions and key informants in semistructured interviews to gather advice related to cultural adaptations to the DIG program. These data were used to guide the development of program prototypes. In Phase 2, the prototypes were evaluated with Indigenous fathers who were using tobacco (smoking or chewing) or were ex-users. Data were analyzed inductively. Recommendations for programming included ways to incorporate cultural values and practices to advance men's cultural knowledge and the need for a flexible program design to enhance feasibility and acceptability among diverse Indigenous groups. Men also emphasized the importance of positive message framing, building trust by providing "honest information," and including activities that enabled discussions about their aspirations as fathers as well as cultural expectations of current-day Indigenous men. That the Indigenous men's level of involvement with their children was diverse but generally less prescriptive than contemporary "involved fathering" discourse was also a key consideration in terms of program content. Strategies were afforded by these insights for meeting the men where they are in terms of their fathering-as well as their smoking and physical activity. This research provides a model for developing evidence-based, gender-specific health promotion programs with Indigenous men.
    背景与目标: :有必要专门针对希望戒烟的土著父亲制定戒烟计划。这项研究的目的是让土著男子和主要信息提供者指导适应Gads in Gear(DIG)戒烟计划的文化适应。在该定性参与性研究的第一阶段,土著男子参加小组会议,并在半结构化访谈中为关键信息提供者,以收集与DIG计划的文化适应相关的建议。这些数据被用来指导程序原型的开发。在第2阶段中,对使用烟草(吸烟或咀嚼)或曾经使用过烟草的土著父亲进行了原型评估。对数据进行归纳分析。方案拟议的建议包括纳入文化价值观和做法以增进男子的文化知识的方式,以及需要灵活的方案设计以提高不同土著群体的可行性和可接受性。男子还强调了积极信息框架的重要性,通过提供“诚实的信息”来建立信任,并包括使人们能够讨论他们作为父亲的愿望以及对当今土著男子的文化期望的活动。就节目内容而言,土著男子与子女的参与程度是多种多样的,但通常比当代的“涉入父亲教养”话语规定更少。这些见解提供了相应的策略,使他们能够在父亲,吸烟和体育锻炼方面满足他们所处的位置。这项研究提供了一个模型,用于与土著男子一起开发基于证据的,针对性别的健康促进计划。
  • 【父亲与唐氏综合症孩子玩耍。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01052.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:de Falco S,Esposito G,Venuti P,Bornstein MH
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:In children with Down Syndrome (DS), as in other groups of special needs children, development depends crucially on the degree to which parents provide appropriate stimulation and effective support. The majority of recent studies investigating interactions between parents and children with DS have been conducted on mothers. METHOD:Through observation of child solitary play, child collaborative play with their father, and father play with their child, the current study focused on paternal contributions to child play in association with the effective quality of father-child interactions. A total of 19 children (M chronological age = 35.32 months, SD = 10.35; M mental age = 19.58, SD = 5.43) with DS and their fathers participated in the study. Two 10-min sessions, of child solitary play and collaborative play with their father, were videorecorded. A coding system for exploratory and symbolic play was applied to both sessions, and the Emotional Availability (EA) Scales were independently applied to the collaborative play session as a measure of the effective quality of the father-child interaction. RESULTS:Children showed more symbolic play during collaborative sessions compared with solitary sessions. Bivariate correlations showed positive associations between father play and child exploratory and symbolic play. Cluster analysis identified dyads in low, medium and high EA groups, which differed in terms of each partner's play. Specifically, both fathers and children of high EA dyads were more likely to show more symbolic play and less exploratory play than those with low EA dyads. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings enrich the theoretical perspective that dyadic interactions based on emotional involvement may lead to enhanced cognitive functioning in children with DS.
    背景与目标: 背景:在唐氏综合症(DS)患儿中,与其他特殊需要儿童群一样,其发育关键取决于父母提供适当刺激和有效支持的程度。最近的大多数研究DS的父母与孩子之间相互作用的研究都是在母亲身上进行的。
    方法:通过观察孩子的孤儿游戏,与父亲的孩子合作游戏以及父亲与孩子的游戏,本研究的重点是父子对孩子游戏的贡献以及父子互动的有效质量。共有19名儿童和他们的父亲参加了研究(M的年龄顺序为35.32个月,SD = 10.35; M的智力年龄= 19.58,SD = 5.43)。录制了两个10分钟的课程,分别是孩子独生和与父亲一起玩的游戏。用于探索性游戏和象征性游戏的编码系统被应用于两个会议,而情感可用性(EA)量表被独立地应用于协作游戏,以衡量父子互动的有效质量。
    结果:与单独训练相比,儿童在协作训练中表现出更多的象征性玩耍。双变量相关显示父亲游戏与儿童探索游戏和象征游戏之间存在正相关。聚类分析确定了低,中和高EA组中的二元组,这在每个伙伴的游戏方面有所不同。具体来说,高EA双子座的父亲和孩子比具有低EA双子座的父亲和孩子更有可能表现出更多的象征性玩耍和更少的探索性玩耍。
    结论:我们的发现丰富了理论观点,即基于情感参与的二元互动可能导致DS儿童认知功能增强。
  • 【接近人类父母依恋的生物学:大脑成像,催产素和对父母的协调评估。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.007 复制DOI
    作者列表:Swain JE,Kim P,Spicer J,Ho SS,Dayton CJ,Elmadih A,Abel KM
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Brain networks that govern parental response to infant signals have been studied with imaging techniques over the last 15 years. The complex interaction of thoughts and behaviors required for sensitive parenting enables the formation of each individual's first social bonds and critically shapes development. This review concentrates on magnetic resonance imaging experiments which directly examine the brain systems involved in parental responses to infant cues. First, we introduce themes in the literature on parental brain circuits studied to date. Next, we present a thorough chronological review of state-of-the-art fMRI studies that probe the parental brain with a range of baby audio and visual stimuli. We also highlight the putative role of oxytocin and effects of psychopathology, as well as the most recent work on the paternal brain. Taken together, a new model emerges in which we propose that cortico-limbic networks interact to support parental brain responses to infants. These include circuitry for arousal/salience/motivation/reward, reflexive/instrumental caring, emotion response/regulation and integrative/complex cognitive processing. Maternal sensitivity and the quality of caregiving behavior are likely determined by the responsiveness of these circuits during early parent-infant experiences. The function of these circuits is modifiable by current and early-life experiences, hormonal and other factors. Severe deviation from the range of normal function in these systems is particularly associated with (maternal) mental illnesses - commonly, depression and anxiety, but also schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Finally, we discuss the limits and extent to which brain imaging may broaden our understanding of the parental brain given our current model. Developments in the understanding of the parental brain may have profound implications for long-term outcomes in families across risk, resilience and possible interventions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Oxytocin and Social Behav.
    背景与目标: 在过去的15年中,已经通过成像技术研究了控制父母对婴儿信号的反应的大脑网络。敏感的养育所需要的思想和行为之间复杂的相互作用使得每个人的最初的社会纽带得以形成,并严重地影响着发展。这篇综述集中在磁共振成像实验上,该实验直接检查了父母对婴儿暗示的反应所涉及的大脑系统。首先,我们在迄今为止研究的父母脑回路的文献中介绍主题。接下来,我们对最先进的功能磁共振成像研究进行详尽的时间顺序回顾,这些研究将通过一系列婴儿音频和视觉刺激来探测父母的大脑。我们还强调了催产素的推定作用和精神病理学的影响,以及对父本大脑的最新研究。综上所述,我们提出了一种新的模型,其中我们提出皮质-边缘网络相互作用以支持父母对婴儿的大脑反应。这些包括唤醒/显着/动机/奖赏,反身/工具关怀,情绪反应/调节以及综合/复杂认知处理的电路。孕产妇的敏感性和护理行为的质量可能由父母在婴幼儿早期经历中这些回路的反应能力决定。这些电路的功能可以通过当前和早期的生活经历,荷尔蒙和其他因素进行修改。在这些系统中,与正常功能范围的严重偏离尤其与(母亲)精神疾病有关,通常是抑郁症和焦虑症,还包括精神分裂症和双相情感障碍。最后,在当前模型的基础上,我们讨论了脑成像可以扩大我们对父母脑的理解的局限性和程度。父母对大脑的了解的发展可能会对家庭的长期结果产生深远的影响,涉及风险,适应力和可能的干预措施。本文是《催产素和社会行为》特刊的一部分。
  • 【新生儿重症监护室中父亲与早产婴儿之间的互动序列。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104888 复制DOI
    作者列表:Stefana A,Lavelli M,Rossi G,Beebe B
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: AIMS:The first purpose of the study was to examine fathers' spontaneous communicative behavior with their preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, and how father's and infant's behaviors affected each other. The second purpose was to examine any possible association between the fathers' and/or infants' characteristics and the quality of fathers' behaviors with their infants. STUDY DESIGN/SUBJECTS/OUTCOME MEASURES:Father-preterm infant dyads (n=20) were assessed at 34-36 weeks postmenstrual age, during a spontaneous face-to-face communication with the infant placed in a heated cot in the NICU, and coded according to the Parent-Preterm Infant Coding System. RESULTS:The presence of the father's Affiliative Behavior increased the occurrences of infant Gazing at the parent's face. In turn, infant gazing increased the occurrence of paternal Affiliative Behavior. The likelihood of infant's Gazing at the father's face was also significantly elicited by infrequent occurrences of paternal Affectionate Talk, co-occurring with Gazing at infant with Positive Facial Affect (but no Touch). With regard to the predictors of quality in father-infant interactions, we found a significant positive correlation between fathers' level of depressive symptomatology and fathers' Affiliative Behavior. CONCLUSION:Our results show the of bidirectional sequential patterns of communication between fathers and preterm infants at 35 weeks postmenstrual age, and provide important information about the quality and modalities of paternal communication and their influence on infant behavioral states. From a clinical perspective, these results suggest that father-specific interventions designed to improve and sustain fathers' positive engagement with infants in the NICU should be pursued.
    背景与目标: 目的:该研究的第一个目的是检查新生儿重症监护病房中父亲与早产婴儿的自发交流行为,以及父亲和婴儿的行为如何相互影响。第二个目的是检查父亲和/或婴儿的特征与父亲与婴儿的行为质量之间的任何可能联系。
    研究设计/受试者/结果指标:在月经后34-36周时,与放置在NICU中处于加热床中的婴儿进行自发面对面交流时,评估了父亲早产儿双胞胎(n = 20)。根据父母早产儿编码系统进行编码。
    结果:父亲的亲属行为的存在增加了婴儿凝视父母脸部的可能性。反过来,婴儿凝视增加了父亲亲属行为的发生。很少发生父亲亲情谈话的现象也明显地引起了婴儿凝视父亲的可能性,而父亲对面部正面情绪的凝视是共同发生的(但无接触)。关于父亲与婴儿互动质量的预测指标,我们发现父亲的抑郁症状水平与父亲的从属行为之间存在显着的正相关。
    结论:我们的结果显示了月经后35周父亲与早产婴儿之间双向交流的顺序模式,并提供了有关父亲交流的质量和方式及其对婴儿行为状态的影响的重要信息。从临床角度来看,这些结果表明,应采取针对父亲的干预措施,以改善和维持父亲与新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)的积极互动。
  • 【父母之间的产前饮食一致性和妊娠体重增加:一项纵向研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12889-020-09182-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Figueroa R,Saltzman JA,Kang A,Mini FN,Davison KK,Taveras EM
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Parent-child dietary concordance is associated with child diet, but the clinical implications of mother-father dietary concordance during pregnancy are unknown. This study evaluates antenatal mother-father dietary concordance and associations with gestational weight gain (GWG). METHODS:Mother-father (n = 111) dyads with low income reported their fruit/vegetable (FV), fast food (FF), and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption frequency during the first trimester of pregnancy. From electronic health records, we collected height and self-reported pre-pregnancy weight and calculated pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). The primary outcome was excessive GWG for pre-pregnancy BMI. Dyads were categorized as healthy or unhealthy concordant (consuming similarly high or low amounts of FV, FF, or SSB), or mother-healthy or father-healthy discordant (consuming different amounts of FV, FF, or SSB). Multivariable and logistic regressions analyzed associations between dietary concordance and GWG. RESULTS:Mothers were Hispanic (25%), 43% White, 6% Black, and 23% Asian or Other. Most mothers were employed (62%) making <$50,000/year (64%). Average maternal GWG was 11.6 kg (SD = 6.40), and 36% had excessive GWG. Mothers in the mother-healthy discordant FV group (OR = 4.84; 95% CI = 1.29, 18.22) and the unhealthy concordant FF group (OR = 7.08; 95% CI = 2.08, 24.12) had higher odds for excessive GWG, compared to healthy concordant dyads. SSB concordance was associated with higher GWG in unadjusted, but not adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS:Mothers had higher risk for excessive GWG when both partners had unhealthy FF consumption frequency, and when fathers had unhealthy FV consumption frequency. These findings imply that fathers should be involved in educational opportunities regarding dietary intake during pregnancy.
    背景与目标: 背景:父母与孩子的饮食一致性与儿童饮食有关,但怀孕期间母亲与父亲的饮食一致性的临床意义尚不清楚。这项研究评估了产前母亲与父亲的饮食一致性以及与妊娠体重增加(GWG)的关联。
    方法:低收入的母亲(n = 111)双胞胎在怀孕的头三个月报告了其水果/蔬菜(FV),快餐(FF)和含糖饮料(SSB)的食用频率。从电子健康记录中,我们收集了身高和自我报告的孕前体重,并计算了孕前体重指数(BMI)。主要结局是孕前BMI的GWG过多。双性体分类为健康或不健康一致(食用相似或高或低量的FV,FF或SSB),或母亲健康或父亲健康不一致(食用不同量的FV,FF或SSB)。多变量和logistic回归分析了饮食一致性和GWG之间的关联。
    结果:母亲为西班牙裔(25%),白人(43%),黑人(6%)和23%亚洲人或其他。大多数母亲(62%)的年收入<50,000美元(64%)被雇用。孕妇的平均GWG为11.6kg / kg(SD = 6.40),而36%的人的GWG过量。与母亲健康不协调的FV组(OR = 4.84; 95%CI = 1.29,18.22)和不健康的FF组(OR = 7.08; 95%CI = 2.08,24.12)的母亲相比,GWG过高的几率更高健康一致的二联体。在未经调整但未经调整的模型中,SSB一致性与较高的GWG相关。
    结论:当双方伴侣的FF消费频率不健康,而父亲的FV消费频率不健康时,母亲发生GWG过高的风险较高。这些发现暗示,父亲应该在怀孕期间参与有关饮食摄入的教育机会。
  • 【滥用药物的父亲的后代忽视了儿童,并在口腔健康方面遇到了问题。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/10550490701525509 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mezzich AC,Bretz WA,Day BS,Corby PM,Kirisci L,Swaney M,Cornelius JR,Weyant RJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :This study examined (1) orodental (OD) problems in 10-19-year-old children of substance use disorder (SUD) (n = 127) and non-SUD fathers (n = 111) and (2) the moderating effect of child's substance use (SU) involvement in the associations of paternal SUD and neglectful parenting with OD problems in the offspring. The results showed that periodontal problems differentiated between groups and the interactions between child's SU involvement and paternal SUD and neglectful parenting were respectively associated with hard/soft tissue lesions and carious lesions in the offspring, indicating that SU involvement increases risk for OD due to paternal SUD and neglectful parenting.
    背景与目标: :这项研究调查了(1)10-19岁的物质使用障碍(SUD)(n = 127)和非SUD父亲(n = 111)的儿童口腔(OD)问题,以及(2)调节作用儿童物质使用(SU)参与父系SUD和疏忽育儿与后代OD问题的关联。结果表明,牙周问题在各组之间有所区别,儿童SU参与与父系SUD和疏忽育儿之间的相互作用分别与后代的硬/软组织病变和龋齿病变相关,表明SU参与会增加父系SUD导致OD的风险和疏忽的养育子女。
  • 【父母在孩子临终护理期间的不同需求:对“儿科临终护理需求”(PELICAN)研究的二级分析。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12904-020-00621-1 复制DOI
    作者列表:Leemann T,Bergstraesser E,Cignacco E,Zimmermann K
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Mothers and fathers are severely challenged when providing care for their terminally ill child at end of life. Caregiving needs have been studied predominantly in mothers. Differences in caregiving needs between mothers and fathers during their child's end of life have not, however, been explored so far. This knowledge is of importance to best meet individual parental needs in paediatric end-of-life care. METHODS:Secondary analysis of a quantitative survey on parental needs during their child's last 4 weeks of life, collected in the Swiss multicentre "Paediatric End-of-Life Care Needs" (PELICAN) study. Caregiving needs of mothers and fathers (parental dyad) who had lost a child due to a cardiological, neurological or oncological disease or during the neonatal period in the years 2011-2012 were retrospectively assessed using a questionnaire representing six evidence-based quality domains of paediatric palliative and end-of-life care. RESULTS:Seventy-eight parental dyads were included in this analysis. Differences between mothers and fathers were mostly found around needs to be supported as a family. In all, 28 out of 34 needs-related questionnaire items were scored higher by mothers than by fathers, indicating higher importance for that need to be met. The results indicate that these differences might relate to different caregiving roles and gender-specific coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS:To best meet parental needs in paediatric end-of-life care, particular attention should be paid to both mothers and fathers and their specific caregiving roles, as differences in these roles might influence their needs in this exceptional situation. Therefore, healthcare professionals should identify how parental dyads mutually navigate care for their sick child to best meet their needs in support. Additionally, mothers and fathers should be supported in their individual coping strategies.
    背景与目标: 背景:母亲和父亲在临终时为其身患绝症的孩子提供照料时面临着严峻的挑战。主要在母亲中研究了照料需求。但是,到目前为止,尚未探讨父母在孩子生命终结期间在照料需求方面的差异。该知识对于在儿科临终关怀中最大程度地满足父母的个人需求非常重要。
    方法:在瑞士多中心“儿科生命终止护理需求”(PELICAN)研究中收集的关于其子女最后四个星期的父母需求的定量调查的二次分析。使用代表六个基于证据的儿科质量领域的调查表,回顾性评估了因心脏病,神经病或肿瘤病或新生儿期在2011-2012年期间失去孩子的母亲和父亲(父母双亲)的照料需求。姑息治疗和临终关怀。
    结果:该分析包括了八十八个双亲。父母之间的差异主要存在于需要家庭支持的地方。总体而言,在34个与需求相关的问卷调查项目中,有28个母亲的得分高于父亲得分,表明满足这一要求的重要性更高。结果表明,这些差异可能与不同的护理角色和针对性别的应对策略有关。
    结论:为了最好地满足父母对小儿临终关怀的需求,应特别注意父母双方及其具体护理角色,因为在这种特殊情况下,这些角色的差异可能会影响他们的需求。因此,医疗保健专业人员应确定父母二联体如何相互指导他们生病的孩子的护理,以最好地满足他们在抚养方面的需求。此外,父母应在个人应对策略中给予支持。
  • 【从妻子怀孕开始,未来父亲的吸烟和饮酒习惯就会发生变化。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02007.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hyssälä L,Rautava P,Sillanpää M,Tuominen J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Changes in smoking and drinking habits of fathers of young families expecting their first baby were studied in maternity health care clinics. The first phase of the Finnish Family Competence Study included a total of 1414 fathers. Of these, 1279 responded to the questionnaire, the drop-out rate being 9.5%. Basic educational level, age, occupation and location of present and childhood home were used as demographic variables. Socio-economic factors of the father, his wife and his parents were also studied. The fathers were asked to give their own estimation of their smoking and alcohol consumption before and during the wife's pregnancy. Changes were seen in alcohol consumption, studied in relation to the amount consumed at one drinking time, frequency of alcohol consumption, age, and location of childhood home. Changes in smoking habits were studied in the same way. According to the fathers' own assessment, they reduced smoking and drinking of alcohol during their wives' pregnancies. Parents seem to transmit their own patterns of health behaviour to their children, and the model provided by them is highly important.
    背景与目标: :在产妇保健诊所研究了希望生下第一个孩子的年轻家庭的父亲吸烟和饮酒习惯的变化。芬兰家庭能力研究的第一阶段包括1414名父亲。其中,有1279人回答了问卷,辍学率为9.5%。基础教育水平,年龄,职业以及现在和童年时期的住所被用作人口统计学变量。还研究了父亲,妻子和父母的社会经济因素。要求父亲对妻子怀孕前后的吸烟和饮酒情况做出自己的估计。饮酒量发生了变化,并与一次饮酒的饮酒量,饮酒频率,年龄和儿童住所的位置有关。以相同的方式研究了吸烟习惯的变化。根据父亲自己的评估,他们减少了妻子怀孕期间的吸烟和饮酒。父母似乎向孩子传播了自己的健康行为方式,他们提供的模式非常重要。
  • 【父亲在幼儿期对亲密伴侣的暴力行为和育儿行为:脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究的结果。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104103 复制DOI
    作者列表:Adhia A,Jeong J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization negatively impact maternal parenting. However, little is known about the association between fathers' perpetration of IPV and paternal parenting. OBJECTIVE:To examine associations between fathers' IPV perpetration against the child's mother and fathers' stimulation and spanking practices with their young child. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:We used two waves of data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study in the United States. The analytic sample comprised of 2,257 biological fathers who had been in a romantic relationship with the child's mother. METHODS:Fathers' IPV perpetration at year 1 and 3 was measured based on maternal report. Fathers were categorized into: never perpetrators (no IPV at either year), persisters (IPV at both years), desisters (IPV at year 1 only), and emergers (IPV at year 3 only). Fathers' parenting at year 3 was measured based on self-reported stimulation (e.g., reading books, playing games, telling stories) and spanking. RESULTS:Approximately one-third of fathers never perpetrated IPV, 35.8% were persisters, 14.4% were desisters, and 16.9% were emergers. For stimulation, persisters (β=-0.16, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.06) and emergers (β=-0.25, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.14), but not desisters (β=-0.02, 95% CI: -0.14, 0.11), were less engaged in stimulation than fathers who never perpetrated IPV. However, for spanking, there were no differences in the associations by father IPV profiles. CONCLUSIONS:Findings suggest that fathers' perpetration of IPV is related to their stimulation practices. Partner-abusive men and their children may benefit from parenting programs that promote engagement in stimulation and improve the quality of parent-child relationships.
    背景与目标: 背景:亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)受害的经历会对孕育父母产生负面影响。但是,关于父亲的IPV行为和父母育儿之间的关系知之甚少。
    目的:研究父亲针对孩子母亲的IPV行为与父亲对幼儿的刺激和打屁股行为之间的关联。
    参与者和环境:我们使用了来自美国脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究的两波数据。该分析样本由2257位亲生父亲组成,他们与孩子的母亲保持着浪漫关系。
    方法:根据孕产妇报告测量父亲在第一年和第三年的IPV行为。父亲分为以下几类:从不行凶者(任一年均无IPV),坚持者(两年均IPV),后代(仅第一年IPV)和新生者(仅第三年IPV)。父亲在3年级时的父母育儿是根据自我报告的刺激(例如看书,玩游戏,讲故事)和打屁股来衡量的。
    结果:约有三分之一的父亲从未犯过IPV,其中35.8%是顽固的人,14.4%是绝望的人,16.9%的是新兴人。对于刺激,坚持者(β= -0.16,95%CI:-0.25,-0.06)和出苗者(β= -0.25,95%CI:-0.36,-0.14),但不是渴望者(β= -0.02,95% CI:-0.14,0.11),比从未犯过IPV的父亲参与刺激的要少。但是,对于打屁股,父IPV配置文件的关联没有差异。
    结论:研究表明,父亲对IPV的犯罪行为与他们的刺激行为有关。虐待伴侣的男人及其子女可能会受益于育儿计划,该计划可促进参与刺激并改善亲子关系的质量。
  • 12 Precocious fathers. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【早熟的父亲。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1980.tb03306.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Earls F,Siegel B
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: Based on available evidence, it appears reasonable to assume that the psychological and social consequences of becoming a father during adolescence are the same as those more traditionally associated with adolescent motherhood. Guidelines for research to enhance knowledge of this important but relatively neglected area are outlined.

    背景与目标: 根据现有的证据,可以合理地假设,在青春期成为父亲的心理和社会后果与传统上与青春期母亲更为相关的后果是相同的。概述了增强对这一重要但相对被忽略的领域的知识的研究指南。

  • 【父亲身份:被诊断患有杜兴氏肌营养不良症的男孩父亲的经历。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1590/1413-812320152110.20302016 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lucca SA,Petean EB
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :This study's aim was to understand the experience of being the father of a boy diagnosed with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Eight fathers of 10-year-old or older boys diagnosed with DMD, living in RibeirãoPreto and surrounding cities participated in the study. Interviews included a semi-structured script and data were analyzed according to thematic content analysis. The results show that the confirmation of a DMD diagnosis shocked fathers and was mixed with sorrow, helplessness and hopelessness. Most fathers considered the illness of their child to be a mission sent by God, which helps to alleviate the pain and anguish caused by the disease. As the symptoms started manifesting, the fathers experienced losses that exposed them to great suffering and triggered an anticipatory mourning process. The fathers assigned to the disease the meaning of a mission to be accomplished and considered themselves to be "special fathers", which positively influenced their adaptation to the disease. Identifying and understanding how fathers experience fatherhood in the presence of a chronic disease/disability is essential to devising psychological counseling and care programs directed to fathers and their families.
    背景与目标: :这项研究的目的是了解被诊断为杜兴氏肌营养不良症(DMD)的男孩的父亲的经历。居住在RibeirãoPreto和周边城市的八个被诊断患有DMD的10岁或以上男孩的父亲参加了这项研究。访谈包括半结构化脚本,并根据主题内容分析对数据进行了分析。结果表明,对DMD诊断的确认震惊了父亲,并充满了悲伤,无助和绝望。大多数父亲认为孩子的病是上帝的使命,这有助于减轻疾病带来的痛苦和痛苦。当症状开始显现时,父亲遭受的损失使他们遭受了巨大的痛苦,并引发了预期的哀悼过程。父亲赋予疾病以使命的意义,并认为自己是“特殊父亲”,这对他们对疾病的适应产生了积极的影响。识别和理解父亲在患有慢性疾病/残疾时如何经历父亲身份对于设计针对父亲及其家人的心理咨询和护理计划至关重要。
  • 【婴儿出生前后几天中父亲的皮质醇和睾丸激素预示着父亲会参与进来。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.08.011 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kuo PX,Braungart-Rieker JM,Burke Lefever JE,Sarma MS,O'Neill M,Gettler LT
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Human paternal behavior is multidimensional, and extant research has yet to delineate how hormone patterns may be related to different dimensions of fathering. Further, although studies vary in their measurement of hormones (i.e., basal or reactivity), it remains unclear whether basal and/or reactivity measures are predictive of different aspects of men's parenting. We examined whether men's testosterone and cortisol predicted fathers' involvement in childcare and play with infants and whether fathers' testosterone and cortisol changed during fathers' first interaction with their newborn. Participants were 298 fathers whose partners gave birth in a UNICEF-designated "baby-friendly" hospital, which encourages fathers to hold their newborns 1 h after birth, after mothers engage in skin-to-skin holding. Salivary testosterone and cortisol were measured before and after fathers' first holding of their newborns. Basal and short-term changes in cortisol and testosterone were analyzed. Fathers were contacted 2-4 months following discharge to complete questionnaires about childcare involvement. Fathers' cortisol decreased during the time they held their newborns on the birthing unit. Fathers' basal testosterone in the immediate postnatal period predicted their greater involvement in childcare. Both basal and reactivity cortisol predicted fathers' greater involvement in childcare and play. Results suggest that reduced basal testosterone is linked with enhanced paternal indirect and direct parenting effort months later, and that higher basal cortisol and increases in cortisol in response to newborn interaction are predictive of greater paternal involvement in childcare and play, also months later. Findings are discussed in the context of predominating theoretical models on parental neuroendocrinology.
    背景与目标: :人的父亲行为是多维的,目前的研究尚未描述激素模式如何与父亲的不同维度相关。此外,尽管研究对激素(即基础或反应性)的测量方法有所不同,但尚不清楚基础和/或反应性测量方法是否能预测男性育儿的不同方面。我们检查了男性的睾丸激素和皮质醇是否可以预测父亲参与育儿和与婴儿嬉戏,以及父亲的睾丸激素和皮质醇在父亲与新生儿的首次互动中是否发生了变化。参加者有298位父亲,他们的伴侣在联合国儿童基金会指定的“爱婴”医院分娩,该医院鼓励父亲在母亲进行皮肤接触后,在出生后1小时内抱着新生儿。在父亲第一次抱着新生儿之前和之后测量唾液睾丸激素和皮质醇。分析了皮质醇和睾丸激素的基础和短期变化。出院后2-4个月与父亲取得联系,以完成有关育儿参与的调查表。父亲将新生儿抱在分娩室的过程中皮质醇下降。父亲在产后即刻的基础睾丸激素预示着他们将更多地参与育儿。基础和反应性皮质醇都预示着父亲将更多地参与育儿和娱乐活动。结果表明,基础睾丸激素减少与几个月后父亲间接和直接育儿努力的增强有关,并且较高的基础皮质醇和对新生儿相互作用的皮质醇水平的增加也预示着父亲也将更多地参与育儿和娱乐。在有关父母神经内分泌学的理论模型占主导地位的背景下讨论了这些发现。
  • 【父亲领导的同龄人领导的产前母乳喂养课程的过程评估:促进者和参与者的看法。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12884-019-2198-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kuliukas L,Hauck YL,Jorgensen A,Kneebone K,Burns SK,Maycock BR,Scott JA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:The Parent Infant Feeding Initiative (PIFI) was a factorial, randomised controlled trial that aimed to prolong exclusive breastfeeding by targeting expecting fathers. One of the intervention strategies evaluated was a father-focused breastfeeding class facilitated by a male peer facilitator. The aim of this mixed-methods descriptive study was to 1) evaluate the feedback provided from participants of the class and 2) explore the motivations and experiences of volunteer male peer facilitators trained to deliver the class. METHODS:Father-focused breastfeeding antenatal (FFAB) classes were conducted in six Western Australian hospitals between August 2015 and December 2016. Following each peer facilitated FFAB class, expecting father participants completed an evaluation form to assess their satisfaction with the format, facilitation and content, in addition to whether their expectations and confidence to manage breastfeeding problems had changed. Feedback to open-ended questions was analysed using content analysis to identify learnings and suggestions for improvements. At the completion of PIFI, individual telephone interviews were undertaken with 14 peer facilitators to gain insight into their motivations for volunteering and experiences of conducting the classes. Transcripts from interviews were analysed using Braun and Clarke's six phases for thematic analysis. RESULTS:Participant evaluation forms were completed by 678 of the 697 father participants (98%). Overall satisfaction with class format, facilitation and content was high with 90% or more of fathers either strongly agreeing or agreeing with each positively-phrased evaluation item. Class participants enjoyed interacting with other fathers, appreciated validation of their role, were not always aware of the importance of breastfeeding or potential difficulties, valued the anticipatory guidance around what to expect in the early weeks of parenting and appreciated learning practical breastfeeding support strategies. Peer facilitators indicated they felt well prepared and supported to conduct FFAB classes. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed common experiences of the peer facilitators incorporating four themes: 'Highlights of being a facilitator', 'Challenges', 'Mourning the project completion' and 'Satisfaction with training and support'. CONCLUSION:Father-focused breastfeeding classes supported by volunteer male peer facilitators are a feasible and acceptable way of engaging fathers as breastfeeding supporters. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ACTRN12614000605695 . Registered 6 June 2014.
    背景与目标: 背景:父母婴儿喂养计划(PIFI)是一项析因性,随机对照试验,旨在通过针对预期的父亲延长纯母乳喂养时间。评估的干预策略之一是在男性同伴协助下,以父亲为中心的母乳喂养课程。这项混合方法描述性研究的目的是:1)评估班级参与者提供的反馈意见,以及2)探索受过培训以交付班级的志愿者男性同伴辅导员的动​​机和经验。
    方法:在2015年8月至2016年12月期间,在西澳大利亚的六家医院进行了以父亲为中心的母乳喂养产前(FFAB)课程。在每个同伴为FFAB进行便利之后,希望父亲参加者完成一份评估表,以评估他们对格式,便利性和内容的满意度,除了他们对管理母乳喂养问题的期望和信心是否发生了变化。使用内容分析来分析对开放式问题的反馈,以识别学习内容和改进建议。 PIFI完成后,与14位同伴主持人进行了电话访谈,以了解他们的志愿动机和上课的经验。使用Braun和Clarke的六个阶段对访谈记录进行了分析,以进行主题分析。
    结果:697名父亲参与者中的678名(98%)填写了参与者评估表。 90%或更多的父亲强烈同意或同意每个积极措辞的评估项目,他们对课堂形式,促进和内容的总体满意度很高。班级参与者喜欢与其他父亲互动,赞赏他们的角色,并不总是意识到母乳喂养的重要性或潜在的困难,重视在育儿初期几周对预期的指导,并赞赏学习实用的母乳喂养支持策略。同行主持人表示,他们为参加FFAB课程做好了充分的准备,并得到了他们的支持。对访谈笔录的分析揭示了同行主持人的共同经历,其中包括四个主题:“成为主持人的要点”,“挑战”,“哀悼项目完成”和“对培训和支持的满意度”。
    结论:由志愿的男性同伴协助者支持的以父亲为中心的母乳喂养课程是一种可行且可接受的方式,让父亲成为母乳喂养的支持者。
    试用注册:ACTRN12614000605695。 2014年6月6日注册。

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