• 1 EEG effect of orexin A in freely moving rats. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【食欲素A在自由运动大鼠中的脑电图作用。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1556/APhysiol.99.2012.3.10 复制DOI
    作者列表:Toth A,Balatoni B,Hajnik T,Detari L
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Orexin A and orexin B are neuropeptides produced by a group of neurons located in the lateral hypothalamus which send widespread projections virtually to the whole neuraxis. Several studies indicated that orexins play a crucial role in the sleep-wake regulation and in the pathomechanism of the sleep disorder narcolepsy. As no data are available related to the EEG effects of orexin A in healthy, freely moving rats, the aim of the present experiments was to analyze EEG power changes in the generally used frequency bands after intracerebroventricular orexin A administration.Orexin A administration (0.84 and 2.8 nM/rat) differently affected fronto-occipital EEG waves in the different frequency bands recorded for 24 hours. Delta (1-4 Hz) and alpha (10-16 Hz) power decreased, while theta (4-10 Hz) and beta (16-48 Hz) power increased. Decrease of the delta power was followed by a rebound in case of the higher orexin A dose. This complex picture might be explained by the activation of several systems by the orexin A administration. Among these systems, cortical and thalamic circuits as well as the role of the neurons containing corticotrophin-releasing factor might be of significant importance.
    背景与目标: :Orexin A和orexin B是由位于下丘脑外侧的一组神经元产生的神经肽,这些神经元实际上向整个神经轴发送了广泛的预测。几项研究表明,食欲肽在睡眠觉醒调节和睡眠障碍性发作性睡病的发病机理中起着至关重要的作用。由于尚无与食欲素A对健康自由活动大鼠的脑电图影响相关的数据,因此本实验的目的是分析脑室内食欲素A给药后通常使用的频带内的脑电图功率变化。 2.8 nM /大鼠)在24小时记录的不同频带中受不同影响的额枕脑电波。 Delta(1-4 Hz)和alpha(10-16 Hz)功率降低,而theta(4-10 Hz)和beta(16-48 Hz)功率提高。如果增加orexin A剂量,则三角肌力下降,然后反弹。可以通过orexin A主管部门激活多个系统来解释这种复杂的情况。在这些系统中,皮层和丘脑回路以及含有促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子的神经元的作用可能非常重要。
  • 【单通道睡眠脑电图自动分析:健康个体的验证。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1093/sleep/30.11.1587 复制DOI
    作者列表:Berthomier C,Drouot X,Herman-Stoïca M,Berthomier P,Prado J,Bokar-Thire D,Benoit O,Mattout J,d'Ortho MP
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: STUDY OBJECTIVE:To assess the performance of automatic sleep scoring software (ASEEGA) based on a single EEG channel comparatively with manual scoring (2 experts) of conventional full polysomnograms. DESIGN:Polysomnograms from 15 healthy individuals were scored by 2 independent experts using conventional R&K rules. The results were compared to those of ASEEGA scoring on an epoch-by-epoch basis. SETTING:Sleep laboratory in the physiology department of a teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS:Fifteen healthy volunteers. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:The epoch-by-epoch comparison was based on classifying into 2 states (wake/sleep), 3 states (wake/REM/ NREM), 4 states (wake/REM/stages 1-2/SWS), or 5 states (wake/REM/ stage 1/stage 2/SWS). The obtained overall agreements, as quantified by the kappa coefficient, were 0.82, 0.81, 0.75, and 0.72, respectively. Furthermore, obtained agreements between ASEEGA and the expert consensual scoring were 96.0%, 92.1%, 84.9%, and 82.9%, respectively. Finally, when classifying into 5 states, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of ASEEGA regarding wakefulness were 82.5% and 89.7%, respectively. Similarly, sensitivity and positive predictive value regarding REM state were 83.0% and 89.1%. CONCLUSIONS:Our results establish the face validity and convergent validity of ASEEGA for single-channel sleep analysis in healthy individuals. ASEEGA appears as a good candidate for diagnostic aid and automatic ambulant scoring.
    背景与目标: 目的:评估基于单个EEG通道的自动睡眠评分软件(ASEEGA)的性能,并与传统的完整多导睡眠图的手动评分(2位专家)进行比较。
    设计:由15位健康个体的多导睡眠图由2位独立专家使用常规R&K规则评分。将结果与ASEEGA得分进行逐时比较。
    地点:教学医院生理科的睡眠实验室。
    参加者:十五名健康志愿者。
    测量和结果:每个时期的比较基于分类为2个状态(唤醒/睡眠),3个状态(唤醒/ REM / NREM),4个状态(唤醒/ REM / 1-2级/ SWS)或5种状态(唤醒/ REM /阶段1 /阶段2 / SWS)。通过卡伯系数量化,所获得的总体一致性分别为0.82、0.81、0.75和0.72。此外,ASEEGA与专家共识得分之间达成的协议分别为96.0%,92.1%,84.9%和82.9%。最后,当分为五个状态时,ASEEGA的清醒敏感性和阳性预测值分别为82.5%和89.7%。同样,关于REM状态的敏感性和阳性预测值分别为83.0%和89.1%。
    结论:我们的结果建立了ASEEGA在健康个体单通道睡眠分析中的脸部有效性和收敛性。 ASEEGA似乎是诊断辅助和自动救护车评分的理想选择。
  • 【多灶性周期性侧癫痫样放电(PLED):脑电图特征和临床相关性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00466-1 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lawn ND,Westmoreland BF,Sharbrough FW
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical and EEG findings of patients with multifocal periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs). METHODS:EEGs containing multifocal PLEDs (3 or more foci of PLEDs) were reviewed. Thirty-five patients (15 males and 20 females), from 2.5 months to 91 years old, met the criteria for multifocal PLEDs. RESULTS:The disease processes identified in the patients included vascular lesions in 9, central nervous system infections in 7, metabolic/toxic disorders in 6, exacerbation of a chronic seizure disorder in 6, hypoxic ischemic insults in 3, and fat embolism, paraneoplastic encephalitis, cerebral metastasis, and multiple sclerosis in one each. Twenty patients died. Detection of the spatiotemporal distribution of multifocal PLEDs was facilitated by the use of Laplacian montages. CONCLUSIONS:Multifocal PLEDs were recorded in 35 patients and were associated with processes resulting in diffuse or multifocal cerebral dysfunction. Multifocal PLEDs indicate a significant disturbance of cerebral function and are associated with a mortality rate of 57%.
    背景与目标: 目的:分析多灶性周期性癫痫样放电(PLEDs)患者的临床和脑电图表现。
    方法:审查了包含多焦点PLED(3个或更多PLED焦点)的EEG。 2.5个月至91岁的35例患者(男15例,女20例)符合多焦点PLED的标准。
    结果:在患者中确定的疾病过程包括血管病变9例,中枢神经系统感染7例,代谢/毒性障碍6例,慢性癫痫发作的加剧6例缺氧缺血性损伤3例,脂肪栓塞,副肿瘤性脑炎,脑转移和多发性硬化症各一项。 20例患者死亡。拉普拉斯蒙太奇的使用有助于检测多焦点PLED的时空分布。
    结论:35例患者记录了多灶性PLED,与导致弥漫性或多灶性脑功能障碍的过程有关。多焦点PLED提示脑功能严重紊乱,死亡率为57%。
  • 【诱导脊髓长期增强的刺激后,丘脑感觉神经元的兴奋性增强和慢波EEG模式。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2110-13.2013 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sanoja R,Taepavarapruk N,Benda E,Tadavarty R,Soja PJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Spinal nociceptive neurons are well known to undergo a process of long-term potentiation (LTP) following conditioning by high-frequency sciatic nerve stimulation (HFS) at intensities recruiting C-fibers. However, little if any information exists as to whether such HFS conditioning that produces spinal LTP affects sensory transmission at supraspinal levels. The present study explored this possibility. Conventional extracellular recording methods were used to examine the consequences of HFS versus sham HFS conditioning on individual wide-dynamic range thalamic neurons located in the ventro-postero-lateral (VPL) nucleus in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Following HFS, the ongoing firing rate and stimulus-evoked (brush, pinch, sciatic nerve) responses were markedly enhanced as were responses to juxtacellular, microiontophoretic applications of glutamate. These HFS-induced enhancements lasted throughout the recording period. Sham stimuli had no effect on VPL neuron excitability. Cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) wave activities were also measured around HFS in conjunction with VPL neuron recordings. The cortical EEG pattern under baseline conditions consisted of recurring short duration bursts of high-amplitude slow waves followed by longer periods of flat EEG. Following HFS, the EEG shifted to a continuous large-amplitude, slow-wave pattern within the 0.5-8.0 Hz bandwidth lasting throughout the recording period. Sham HFS did not alter EEG activity. Sciatic nerve conditioning at A-δ fiber strength, known to reverse spinal LTP, did not alter enhanced neuronal excitability or the EEG slow-wave pattern induced by HFS. These data support the concept that HFS conditioning of the sciatic nerve, which leads to spinal LTP, is associated with distinct, long-lasting changes in the excitability of neurons comprising thalamocortical networks.
    背景与目标: 众所周知,脊髓伤害感受神经元经过高频坐骨神经刺激(HFS)调节C纤维强度后会经历长期增强(LTP)过程。但是,关于这种产生脊柱LTP的HFS调理是否会影响脊髓上水平的感觉传递,几乎没有任何信息。本研究探讨了这种可能性。常规的细胞外记录方法用于检查HFS与假HFS调节对异氟烷麻醉大鼠腹侧后外侧(VPL)核中单个宽动态范围丘脑神经元的影响。 HFS后,持续的射击频率和刺激诱发的(刷,捏,坐骨神经)反应显着增强,对谷氨酸的近细胞,微离子电渗疗法的反应也明显增强。这些由HFS引起的增强在整个记录期间一直持续。假刺激对VPL神经元兴奋性没有影响。还测量了HFS周围的皮质脑电图(EEG)波活动以及VPL神经元记录。基线条件下的皮质脑电图模式由高振幅慢波的反复短时突发和随后较长时间的平坦脑电图组成。在进行HFS之后,EEG在整个记录周期内转移到0.5-8.0 Hz带宽内的连续大振幅慢波模式。 Sham HFS并未改变脑电图活动。已知可以逆转脊柱LTP的A-δ纤维强度的坐骨神经调节不会改变增强的神经元兴奋性或HFS诱发的EEG慢波模式。这些数据支持这样的概念,即坐骨神经的HFS调节导致脊柱LTP,与包括丘脑皮质网络的神经元的兴奋性发生明显且持久的变化有关。
  • 【时间整合作为大脑的“通用货币”和静止状态脑电图的无标度活动与时间延迟对自我相关性的影响有关。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/hbm.25129 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kolvoort IR,Wainio-Theberge S,Wolff A,Northoff G
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The self is a multifaceted phenomenon that integrates information and experience across multiple time scales. How temporal integration on the psychological level of the self is related to temporal integration on the neuronal level remains unclear. To investigate temporal integration on the psychological level, we modified a well-established self-matching paradigm by inserting temporal delays. On the neuronal level, we indexed temporal integration in resting-state EEG by two related measures of scale-free dynamics, the power law exponent and autocorrelation window. We hypothesized that the previously established self-prioritization effect, measured as decreased response times or increased accuracy for self-related stimuli, would change with the insertion of different temporal delays between the paired stimuli, and that these changes would be related to temporal integration on the neuronal level. We found a significant self-prioritization effect on accuracy in all conditions with delays, indicating stronger temporal integration of self-related stimuli. Further, we observed a relationship between temporal integration on psychological and neuronal levels: higher degrees of neuronal integration, that is, higher power-law exponent and longer autocorrelation window, during resting-state EEG were related to a stronger increase in the self-prioritization effect across longer temporal delays. We conclude that temporal integration on the neuronal level serves as a template for temporal integration of the self on the psychological level. Temporal integration can thus be conceived as the "common currency" of neuronal and psychological levels of self.
    背景与目标: :自我是一个多方面的现象,它将跨多个时间尺度的信息和经验整合在一起。尚不清楚自我心理水平上的时间整合与神经元水平上的时间整合如何相关。为了研究心理上的时间整合,我们通过插入时间延迟来修改完善的自我匹配范式。在神经元水平上,我们通过无标度动力学的两个相关度量,幂律指数和自相关窗口来索引静止状态脑电图中的时间积分。我们假设先前建立的自我优先化效果(以减少响应时间或增加自我相关刺激的准确性来衡量)将随着配对刺激之间插入不同的时间延迟而发生变化,并且这些变化将与时间上的整合有关神经元水平。我们发现在所有条件下都有明显的自我优先级影响,存在延迟,这表明自我相关刺激的时间整合性更强。此外,我们观察到在心理和神经元水平上的时间整合之间的关系:在静息状态的脑电图期间,较高的神经元整合程度,即较高的幂律指数和较长的自相关窗口,与自我优先级的增强有关在较长的时间延迟中产生影响。我们得出的结论是,神经元水平的时间整合可作为心理水平上自我的时间整合的模板。因此,时间整合可以被认为是自我神经元和心理水平的“共同货币”。
  • 【响应性神经刺激器系统检测到的人类颅内EEG功能的每日变化。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01091.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Duckrow RB,Tcheng TK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:Based on the observation that epileptic seizures can occur at specific times of the day, we looked for daily variation in an intracranial electrographic feature used by a responsive neurostimulator system to detect seizures. METHODS:A computationally efficient measure of intracranial EEG energy or complexity, the line length baseline, was calculated and reported by an external responsive neurostimulator during a clinical trial of device safety. Data were obtained from 24 consecutive patients with medically intractable epilepsy undergoing intracranial monitoring over 2 to 54 days to localize the seizure onset zone. Measurements from individual subjects made at different times of day over many days were displayed on a single 24-h cycle and fit with a cosine function to characterize the time of the maximum value. The timing of epileptic seizures was also noted. RESULTS:The time of the maximum line length baseline value had a bimodal distribution with relative peaks at 05:30 and 15:00 hours. The time of the maximum value did not associate with specific brain regions, except that a nocturnal peak was not measured from temporal neocortex. The temporal distribution of maximum values was similar to the timing of epileptic seizures. CONCLUSION:The line length baseline feature of the intracranial EEG shows daily variation with location specific characteristics within individual subjects.
    背景与目标: 目的:基于观察到癫痫性癫痫发作可能在一天的特定时间发生,我们寻找了反应性神经刺激系统用来检测癫痫发作的颅内电描记图特征的每日变化。
    方法:在设备安全性临床试验期间,由外部响应神经刺激器计算并报告了颅内脑电图能量或复杂度的有效计算方法,即线长基线。从连续2到54天内接受颅内监测以定位癫痫发作区的连续24例医学上难治的癫痫患者获得数据。在单个一天的24小时周期内显示在一天中的不同时间进行的对单个对象的测量,并具有余弦函数以表征最大值的时间。还注意到了癫痫发作的时间。
    结果:最大线长基线值的时间呈双峰分布,相对峰出现在05:30和15:00小时。最大值的时间与特定的大脑区域无关,只是没有从颞新皮层测量到夜间的峰值。最大值的时间分布类似于癫痫发作的时间。
    结论:颅内脑电图的线长基线特征显示个体受试者中具有特定位置特征的每日变化。
  • 【COVID-19中的脑电图(EEG):一项系统回顾性研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.neucli.2020.06.001 复制DOI
    作者列表:Petrescu AM,Taussig D,Bouilleret V
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:Although rare, neurological manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection are increasingly being reported. We conducted a retrospective systematic study to describe the electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics in this disease, looking for specific patterns. METHODS:EEGs performed in patients with positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2 between 25/03/2020 and 06/05/2020 in the University Hospital of Bicêtre were independently reviewed by two experienced neurologists. We used the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society's terminology for the description of abnormal patterns. EEGs were classified into five categories, from normal to critically altered. Interobserver reliability was calculated using Cohen's kappa coefficient. Medical records were reviewed to extract demographics, clinical, imaging and biological data. RESULTS:Forty EEGs were reviewed in 36 COVID-19 patients, 18 in intensive care units (ICU) and 22 in medicine units. The main indications were confusion or fluctuating alertness for 23 (57.5%) and delayed awakening after stopping sedation in ICU in six (15%). EEGs were normal to mildly altered in 23 (57.5%) contrary to the 42.5% where EEG alterations were moderate in four (10%), severe in eight (20%) and critical in five (12.5%). Generalized periodic discharges (GPDs), multifocal periodic discharges (MPDs) or rhythmic delta activity (RDA) were found in 13 recordings (32.5%). EEG alterations were not stereotyped or specific. They could be related to an underlying morbid status, except for three ICU patients with unexplained encephalopathic features. CONCLUSION:In this first systematic analysis of COVID-19 patients who underwent EEG, over half of them presented a normal recording pattern. EEG alterations were not different from those encountered in other pathological conditions.
    背景与目标: 目的:尽管越来越少地报道了SARS-CoV-2感染的神经系统表现。我们进行了一项回顾性系统研究,以描述这种疾病的脑电图(EEG)特征,寻找特定的模式。
    方法:由两名经验丰富的神经科医生独立审查在比塞特尔大学医院于25/03/2020至06/05/2020之间对SARS-CoV-2 PCR阳性的患者进行的EEG。我们使用美国临床神经生理学会的术语来描述异常模式。脑电图从正常到严重改变分为五类。使用Cohen的kappa系数计算观察者之间的可靠性。审查病历以提取人口统计,临床,影像和生物学数据。
    结果:对36例COVID-19患者,40例重症监护病房(ICU)和22例医学病房的40例脑电图进行了检查。主要适应症为23例(57.5%)的意识混乱或波动,在6例(15%)的ICU中停止镇静后延迟觉醒。脑电图正常至轻度变化的有23(57.5%),而42.5%的脑电图变化为中度的4个(10%),重度的8个(20%)和重度的5个(12.5%)。在13张唱片(32.5%)中发现了广义周期性放电(GPD),多焦点周期性放电(MPD)或节律性三角肌活动(RDA)。脑电图改变没有刻板印象或特定的。它们可能与潜在的病态有关,但三名患有无法解释的脑病特征的ICU患者除外。
    结论:在对接受脑电图检查的COVID-19患者的首次系统分析中,超过一半的患者表现出正常的记录模式。脑电图的变化与其他病理条件下的变化没有什么不同。
  • 【定量脑电图作为路易体轻度认知障碍的生物标志物。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s13195-020-00650-1 复制DOI
    作者列表:Schumacher J,Taylor JP,Hamilton CA,Firbank M,Cromarty RA,Donaghy PC,Roberts G,Allan L,Lloyd J,Durcan R,Barnett N,O'Brien JT,Thomas AJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:To investigate using quantitative EEG the (1) differences between patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and MCI with Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) and (2) its utility as a potential biomarker for early differential diagnosis. METHODS:We analyzed eyes-closed, resting-state, high-density EEG data from highly phenotyped participants (39 MCI-LB, 36 MCI-AD, and 31 healthy controls). EEG measures included spectral power in different frequency bands (delta, theta, pre-alpha, alpha, and beta), theta/alpha ratio, dominant frequency, and dominant frequency variability. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to assess diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS:There was a shift in power from beta and alpha frequency bands towards slower frequencies in the pre-alpha and theta range in MCI-LB compared to healthy controls. Additionally, the dominant frequency was slower in MCI-LB compared to controls. We found significantly increased pre-alpha power, decreased beta power, and slower dominant frequency in MCI-LB compared to MCI-AD. EEG abnormalities were more apparent in MCI-LB cases with more diagnostic features. There were no significant differences between MCI-AD and controls. In the ROC analysis to distinguish MCI-LB from MCI-AD, beta power and dominant frequency showed the highest area under the curve values of 0.71 and 0.70, respectively. While specificity was high for some measures (up to 0.97 for alpha power and 0.94 for theta/alpha ratio), sensitivity was generally much lower. CONCLUSIONS:Early EEG slowing is a specific feature of MCI-LB compared to MCI-AD. However, there is an overlap between the two MCI groups which makes it difficult to distinguish between them based on EEG alone.
    背景与目标: 目的:使用定量脑电图研究(1)路易体轻度认知障碍患者(MCI-LB)和患有阿尔茨海默氏病的MCI(MCI-AD)之间的差异,以及(2)其作为早期鉴别诊断的潜在生物标志物的用途。
    方法:我们分析了来自高度表型参与者(39 MCI-LB,36 MCI-AD和31个健康对照)的闭眼,静息状态,高密度EEG数据。脑电图测量包括不同频带(δ,θ,前阿尔法,阿尔法和贝塔)的频谱功率,θ/阿尔法比,主导频率和主导频率可变性。进行接收器工作特性(ROC)分析以评估诊断准确性。
    结果:与健康对照组相比,MCI-LB的pre-alpha和theta范围内的功率从β和α频段向着较慢的频率转移。此外,与对照组相比,MCI-LB中的主导频率较慢。我们发现与MCI-AD相比,MCI-LB中的前α功率显着增加,β功率降低,且主频率降低。脑电图异常在具有更多诊断功能的MCI-LB病例中更为明显。 MCI-AD与对照组之间无显着差异。在将MCI-LB与MCI-AD进行区分的ROC分析中,β功率和主导频率分别在曲线值0.71和0.70下显示出最高的面积。尽管某些措施的特异性很高(α功效最高为0.97,θ/α比率最高为0.94),但灵敏度通常要低得多。
    结论:与MCI-AD相比,早期EEG减慢是MCI-LB的一个特殊特征。但是,两个MCI组之间存在重叠,这使得很难仅基于EEG来区分它们。
  • 【使用基于协作表示的半监督极限学习机进行多类运动图像EEG分类。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s11517-020-02227-4 复制DOI
    作者列表:She Q,Zou J,Luo Z,Nguyen T,Li R,Zhang Y
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Both labeled and unlabeled data have been widely used in electroencephalographic (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI). However, labeled EEG samples are generally scarce and expensive to collect, while unlabeled samples are considered to be abundant in real applications. Although the semi-supervised learning (SSL) allows us to utilize both labeled and unlabeled data to improve the classification performance as against supervised algorithms, it has been reported that unlabeled data occasionally undermine the performance of SSL in some cases. To overcome this challenge, we propose a collaborative representation-based semi-supervised extreme learning machine (CR-SSELM) algorithm to evaluate the risk of unlabeled samples by a new safety-control mechanism. Specifically, the ELM model is firstly used to predict unlabeled samples and then the collaborative representation (CR) approach is employed to reconstruct the unlabeled samples according to the obtained prediction results, from which the risk degree of unlabeled sample is defined. A risk-based regularization term is then constructed accordingly and embedded into the objective function of the SS-ELM. Experiments conducted on benchmark and EEG datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the ELM and SS-ELM algorithm. Moreover, the proposed CR-SSELM even offers the best performance while SS-ELM yields worse performance compared with its supervised counterpart (ELM). Graphical abstract This paper proposes a collaborative representation-based semi-supervised extreme learning machine (CR-SSELM) algorithm to evaluate the risk of unlabeled samples by a new safety-control mechanism. It is aim to solve the safety problem of SS-ELM method that SS-ELM yields worse performance than ELM. With the help of safety mechanism, the performance of our method is still better than supervised ELM method.
    背景与目标: :带标签和不带标签的数据已被广泛用于基于脑电图(EEG)的脑机接口(BCI)。然而,标记的脑电图样品通常稀少且收集起来昂贵,而未标记的脑电图样品在实际应用中被认为是丰富的。尽管半监督学习(SSL)允许我们利用标签数据和未标签数据来提高分类性能(相对于监督算法),但据报道,在某些情况下,未标签数据有时会破坏SSL的性能。为了克服这一挑战,我们提出了一种基于协作表示的半监督极限学习机(CR-SSELM)算法,以通过一种新的安全控制机制来评估未标记样本的风险。具体地,首先将ELM模型用于预测未标记样本,然后根据获得的预测结果,采用协作表示(CR)方法来重建未标记样本,从而定义未标记样本的风险程度。然后,相应地构建基于风险的正则化术语,并将其嵌入到SS-ELM的目标函数中。在基准和EEG数据集上进行的实验表明,该方法优于ELM和SS-ELM算法。此外,与受监督的同类产品(ELM)相比,拟议的CR-SSELM甚至可以提供最佳的性能,而SS-ELM的性能却更差。图形摘要本文提出了一种基于协作表示的半监督极限学习机(CR-SSELM)算法,通过一种新的安全控制机制来评估未标记样本的风险。目的是解决SS-ELM比ELM产生更差性能的SS-ELM方法的安全性问题。借助于安全机制,我们的方法的性能仍优于监督ELM方法。
  • 【在体动和视觉运动行为中抑制脑电图节律频率。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/0167-8760(96)00036-0 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mann CA,Sterman MB,Kaiser DA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: In a previous study of simulated vehicle performance we found that stationary visual attention and body movements alone produced selective effects on topographic EEG frequency patterns. In the present study we focus on an expanded set of these task components. EEG, EOG and ECG data were recorded from 21 subjects during instructed driving movements and during visual scanning tasks ranging from a stationary to a rapidly moving simulated driving display. Spectral analysis was calculated on ten 2-Hz, partially overlapped frequency bands between 6 and 17 Hz. Body movements produced a selective bilateral suppression of 11-15 Hz activity localized to medial somatosensory cortex, while both slow and rapid visual scanning tasks produced a similar bilateral suppression of 11-15 Hz activity localized to temporo-parietal sites. A generalized suppression of 7-11 Hz activity was also found during the fastest visual scanning task. There were no significant differences in ECG between tasks. Other human and animal findings consistent with these functional observations are discussed.

    背景与目标: 在先前对模拟车辆性能的研究中,我们发现静止的视觉注意力和身体运动仅会对地形脑电图频率模式产生选择性影响。在本研究中,我们集中于这些任务组件的扩展集。在指示的驾驶运动期间以及在从固定到快速移动的模拟驾驶显示等视觉扫描任务期间,从21位受试者中记录了EEG,EOG和ECG数据。在6个和17 Hz之间的10个2 Hz,部分重叠的频带上计算了频谱分析。身体运动产生局限在内侧体感皮层的11-15 Hz活动的选择性双向抑制,而慢速和快速视觉扫描任务都产生局限在颞顶叶部位的11-15 Hz活动的类似双边抑制。在最快的视觉扫描任务中,还发现普遍抑制了7-11 Hz的活动。任务之间的心电图没有显着差异。讨论了与这些功能观察结果一致的其他人和动物发现。

  • 【脑电图与韦氏成人智力量表相关。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/00207450600550287 复制DOI
    作者列表:Polunina AG,Davydov DM
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :It was recently shown that cognitive functions requiring more widespread brain integration relate to slower EEG activity, whereas cognitive performance supported by local brain integration is associated with faster EEG components (Von Stein & Sarnthein, 2000). Associations were studied between performance on WAIS and resting EEG spectral parameters in heroin abusers and normal young males. The most prominent associations between WAIS and EEG variables were consistently registered in polar and lateral frontal/temporal derivations. WAIS subtests predominantly loading on retrieval from long-term memory stores were significantly associated with delta bands mean frequencies. Subtests with strong working memory component related to theta2 mean frequency at temporal leads. Subtests requiring problem-solving operations correlated with alpha bands parameters, whereas psychomotor speed was associated with beta power. The data are in agreement with the hypothesis of Von Stein & Sarnthein (2000).
    背景与目标: 最近的研究表明,需要更广泛的大脑整合的认知功能与较慢的脑电图活动有关,而局部大脑整合所支持的认知表现与较快的脑电图成分有关(Von Stein&Sarnthein,2000)。研究了海洛因滥用者和正常男性在WAIS表现和静息EEG频谱参数之间的关联。 WAIS和EEG变量之间最显着的关联在极地和侧向额叶/颞叶推导中始终存在。 WAIS子测试主要是从长期内存存储中检索时加载的,与增量平均频率明显相关。具有强大工作记忆成分的子测验与theta2在时间线索上的平均频率有关。需要解决问题的操作的子测试与alpha波段参数相关,而精神运动速度与beta功率相关。数据与Von Stein&Sarnthein(2000)的假设相符。
  • 【早期皮质基底肌变性和进行性核上性麻痹的脑电图发现:一项回顾性研究和文献综述。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.710 复制DOI
    作者列表:Tashiro K,Ogata K,Goto Y,Taniwaki T,Okayama A,Kira J,Tobimatsu S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Although neuroimaging and electrophysiological tests are potentially useful to distinguish corticobasal degeneration (CBD) from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), little is known about the diagnostic value of electroencephalography (EEG) for their distinction. We assessed the value of EEG for differentiating CBD from PSP. METHODS:We reviewed conventional EEGs recorded at an early stage of disease in 10 CBD patients and 14 PSP patients. We focused on slowing of background activity (SBA), frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) and focal slow waves (FSWs). Statistical analysis was performed by Fisher's exact test. RESULTS:SBA was observed in 1 CBD patient and 2 PSP patients. FSWs were found in 8 CBD patients (80.0%), but only 2 PSP patients (14.3%) (p=0.002); they appeared contralateral to the dominantly-affected side in 6 of 8 CBD patients, and ipsilateral to the side with most atrophy on MRI in 7 of 8 CBD patients. FIRDA was observed in 2 CBD patients (20.0%) and 5 PSP patients (35.7%) (p=0.357). CONCLUSIONS:FSWs are characteristic of CBD, but FIRDA was not disease-specific. SIGNIFICANCE:FSWs on EEG, in addition to clinical criteria, yield useful supplementary information to distinguish between these diseases at early stages.
    背景与目标: 目的:尽管神经影像学检查和电生理检查可能有助于区分皮质基底变性(CBD)和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP),但对脑电图(EEG)的诊断价值了解甚少。我们评估了脑电图对区分CBD和PSP的价值。
    方法:我们回顾了10例CBD患者和14例PSP患者在疾病早期记录的常规脑电图。我们的研究重点是背景活动(SBA),额叶间歇性节律性三角洲活动(FIRDA)和局灶性慢波(FSW)的减慢。统计分析通过Fisher精确检验进行。
    结果:在1例CBD患者和2例PSP患者中观察到了SBA。在8例CBD患者中发现了FSW(80.0%),但仅2例PSP患者(14.3%)(p = 0.002);在8例CBD患者中,有6例与主要受影响的一侧相对,而在8例CBD患者中,MRI上萎缩最大的一侧同侧。在2例CBD患者(20.0%)和5例PSP患者(35.7%)中观察到FIRDA(p = 0.357)。
    结论:FSW是CBD的特征,但FIRDA不是疾病特异性的。
    意义:脑电图上的FSW除临床标准外,还可以提供有用的补充信息,以在早期区分这些疾病。
  • 【互联网游戏障碍和饮酒障碍中的神经连通性:一项静态EEG相干性研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-01419-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Park SM,Lee JY,Kim YJ,Lee JY,Jung HY,Sohn BK,Kim DJ,Choi JS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The present study compared neural connectivity and the level of phasic synchronization between neural populations in patients with Internet gaming disorder (IGD), patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and healthy controls (HCs) using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) coherence analyses. For this study, 92 adult males were categorized into three groups: IGD (n = 30), AUD (n = 30), and HC (n = 32). The IGD group exhibited increased intrahemispheric gamma (30-40 Hz) coherence compared to the AUD and HC groups regardless of psychological features (e.g., depression, anxiety, and impulsivity) and right fronto-central gamma coherence positively predicted the scores of the Internet addiction test in all groups. In contrast, the AUD group showed marginal tendency of increased intrahemispheric theta (4-8 Hz) coherence relative to the HC group and this was dependent on the psychological features. The present findings indicate that patients with IGD and AUD exhibit different neurophysiological patterns of brain connectivity and that an increase in the fast phasic synchrony of gamma coherence might be a core neurophysiological feature of IGD.
    背景与目标: :本研究使用静止状态脑电图(EEG)相干性比较了互联网游戏障碍(IGD),酒精使用障碍(AUD)和健康对照(HCs)患者的神经连通性和神经群体之间的相位同步水平分析。在这项研究中,将92位成年男性分为三类:IGD(n = 30),AUD(n = 30)和HC(n = 32)。与AUD和HC组相比,IGD组显示的半球内伽马(30-40 Hz)相干性增强,而与心理特征(例如抑郁,焦虑和冲动)无关,并且右额中央伽玛相干性积极地预测了网络成瘾的得分在所有组中进行测试。相比之下,AUD组相对于HC组显示出半球内theta(4-8)Hz)相干性增加的边缘趋势,这取决于心理特征。目前的发现表明,患有IGD和AUD的患者表现出不同的大脑连接性神经生理学模式,而γ相干性快速相同步的增加可能是IGD的核心神经生理学特征。
  • 【检测由感觉刺激引起的脑电图变化的方法。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.05.008 复制DOI
    作者列表:Carrubba S,Frilot C,Chesson AL Jr,Marino AA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The onset and offset of sensory stimuli evoke transient changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) that can be detected by linear and/or nonlinear analysis. However, there is presently no systematic procedure to quantify the brain-electrical-activity correlate of the presence of a stimulus (as opposed to its onset evoked potential). We describe a method for detecting a stimulus-related change in brain electrical activity that persists while the stimulus is present (presence effect). The method, which is based on phase-space embedding of the EEG time series followed by quantitative analysis of the recurrence plot of the embedded signal, was used to demonstrate the occurrence of a presence effect in separate groups of human subjects exposed to sound, a magnetic field, and light. Any form of law-governed dynamical activity induced in the EEG can be detected, particularly activity that is nonlinearly related to the stimulus. Salient mathematical features of the method were reproduced in a model EEG system containing known nonlinear determinism.
    背景与目标: :感觉刺激的发生和偏移会引起脑电图(EEG)的瞬时变化,可以通过线性和/或非线性分析来检测。然而,目前尚没有一种系统的程序来量化刺激存在(与它的诱发电位相反)的脑电活动相关性。我们描述了一种检测与刺激有关的脑电活动变化的方法,该变化在存在刺激时持续存在(临场感)。该方法基于脑电图时间序列的相空间嵌入,然后对嵌入信号的重复图进行定量分析,用于证明在暴露于声音,磁场和光。可以检测到在脑电图中诱发的任何形式的法律动态活动,特别是与刺激非线性相关的活动。该方法的显着数学特征在包含已知非线性确定性的模型EEG系统中得以再现。
  • 【REM睡眠的在线检测基于人工神经网络对相邻的短EEG段的综合评估。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/s0278-5846(97)00091-2 复制DOI
    作者列表:Grözinger M,Wolf C,Uhl T,Schäffner C,Röschke J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: 1. For scientific and clinical requirements the present objective is a robust automatic online algorithm to detect rapid eye movement (REM) sleep from single channel sleep EEG data without using EMG or EOG information. 2. For data preprocessing 20 seconds time periods of the continuous EEG activity are digitally filtered in 7 frequency bands. Then the RMS values of these filtered signals are calculated along segments of 2.5 seconds. The resulting matrix of RMS values is representing information on the power of the signal localized in time and frequency and serves as input to an artificial neural network. A pooled set of EEG data together with the corresponding manual evaluation of the recordings was used in the training process. 3. Afterwards more than 90% of the time periods not belonging to the training set could be correctly labeled into REM and nonREM periods. In comparison to an older algorithm based on RMS values calculated along segments of 20 seconds, the error rate could be reduced by 20%.

    背景与目标: 1.对于科学和临床要求,本目标是一种强大的自动在线算法,无需使用EMG或EOG信息即可从单通道睡眠EEG数据中检测快速眼动(REM)睡眠。 2.对于数据预处理,在7个频段中对20秒钟连续EEG活动的时间段进行数字滤波。然后,这些滤波信号的RMS值将沿着2.5秒的时间段进行计算。 RMS值的结果矩阵表示有关时间和频率上本地化的信号功率的信息,并用作人工神经网络的输入。在训练过程中使用了一组合并的EEG数据以及相应的录音手动评估。 3.之后,可以将不属于训练集的90%以上的时间段正确地标记为REM和非REM周期。与基于沿20秒段计算出的RMS值的旧算法相比,错误率可以降低20%。

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