Cell-level mechanical and 3D spatial cues are essential to the organization and architecture of new tissues that form during growth, repair or in bioreactors. Fibroblast-seeded 3D collagen constructs have been used as bioartifical extracellular matrix (ECM) providing a 3D environment to embedded resident cells. As cells attach to scaffold fibrils, they generate quantifiable contractile forces which depend on cell type, cell attachment, cell density, growth factors, and matrix stiffness. The aim of this study was to quantify the cytomechanical and molecular responses of human dermal (HDF) and neonatal foreskin fibroblasts (HNFF) seeded in constructs of increased stiffness. We also tested the effect of blocking early attachment using serum starvation on these outputs. Constructs were placed under uniaxial strains of 0-10% to increase scaffold stiffness, prior to gel contraction, and force generation was monitored using a tensional culture force monitor (t-CFM). Increased matrix stiffness reduced generation of quantifiable cellular force (up to 70%) over 24 h in both cell types and delayed the onset of measurable contraction (upto sevenfold). The delay of measurable force generation was cell lineage dependent but not FCS dependent. Gene expression of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and collagen type III expression in HDFs were significantly upregulated in constructs of increased stiffness. HNFFs did not show any significant changes in these gene expressions indicating a lineage specific response.

译文

细胞水平的机械和3D空间线索对于在生长,修复或生物反应器中形成的新组织的组织和结构至关重要。成纤维细胞种子的3D胶原蛋白构建体已被用作生物人工细胞外基质 (ECM),为嵌入的常驻细胞提供3D环境。当细胞附着在支架原纤维上时,它们会产生可量化的收缩力,这取决于细胞类型,细胞附着,细胞密度,生长因子和基质刚度。这项研究的目的是量化接种在硬度增加的构建体中的人真皮 (HDF) 和新生儿包皮成纤维细胞 (HNFF) 的细胞机械和分子反应。我们还测试了使用血清饥饿阻断早期附着对这些输出的影响。在凝胶收缩之前,将构建体置于0-10% 的单轴应变下以增加支架刚度,并使用张力培养力监测器 (t-cfm) 监测力的产生。在两种细胞类型中,增加的基质刚度在24小时内减少了可量化的细胞力 (高达70%) 的产生,并延迟了可测量的收缩的开始 (高达7倍)。可测量的力产生的延迟与细胞谱系有关,但与FCS无关。在刚度增加的构建体中,HDFs中MMP-2,TIMP-2和III型胶原表达的基因表达显着上调。HNFFs在这些基因表达中未显示任何显着变化,表明谱系特异性反应。

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