Functional MRI studies report insular activations across a wide range of tasks involving affective, sensory, and motor processing, but also during tasks of high-level perception, attention, and control. Although insular cortical activations are often reported in the literature, the diverse functional roles of this region are still not well understood. We used a meta-analytic approach to analyze the coactivation profiles of insular subdivisions-dorsal anterior, ventral anterior, and posterior insula-across fMRI studies in terms of multiple task domains including emotion, memory, attention, and reasoning. We found extensive coactivation of each insular subdivision, with substantial overlap between coactivation partners for each subdivision. Functional fingerprint analyses revealed that all subdivisions cooperated with a functionally diverse set of regions. Graph-theoretical analyses revealed that the dorsal anterior insula was a highly "central" structure in the coactivation network. Furthermore, analysis of the studies that activate the insular cortex itself showed that the right dorsal anterior insula was a particularly "diverse" structure in that it was likely to be active across multiple task domains. These results highlight the nuanced functional profiles of insular subdivisions and are consistent with recent work suggesting that the dorsal anterior insula can be considered a critical functional hub in the human brain.

译文

功能性MRI研究报告了涉及情感,感觉和运动处理的广泛任务中的岛状激活,以及在高级感知,注意力和控制任务中的岛状激活。尽管文献中经常报道岛状皮层激活,但该区域的各种功能作用仍未得到很好的理解。我们使用荟萃分析方法分析了跨fMRI研究的岛状细分的共激活谱,包括情感,记忆,注意力和推理等多个任务域,包括背前,腹前和后岛状。我们发现每个岛状细分的共同激活广泛,每个细分的共同激活伙伴之间存在大量重叠。功能指纹分析表明,所有分区都与功能上不同的区域集合作。图理论分析表明,背前岛是共激活网络中的高度 “中心” 结构。此外,对激活岛叶皮层本身的研究的分析表明,右背前岛是一种特别 “多样化” 的结构,因为它可能在多个任务域中活跃。这些结果突显了岛状分区的细微功能特征,并且与最近的工作相一致,这表明背前岛可以被认为是人脑中的关键功能中枢。

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