• 【双膦酸盐诱导的颌骨骨坏死: 对比增强MR成像,[18F] 氟化物PET/CT和圆锥束CT成像的疾病程度比较。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.3174/ajnr.A3355 复制DOI
    作者列表:Guggenberger R,Fischer DR,Metzler P,Andreisek G,Nanz D,Jacobsen C,Schmid DT
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Imaging of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw is essential for surgical planning. We compared the extent of BONJ on contrast-enhanced MR imaging, [(18)F] fluoride PET/CT, and panoramic views derived from standard conebeam CT with clinical pre- and intraoperative examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Between February 2011 and January 2012, ten subjects with written informed consent (9 women; mean, 69.6 years; range, 53-88 years) were included in this prospective ethics-board-approved study. Patients underwent CEMR imaging, [(18)F] fluoride PET/CT, and CBCT and were clinically examined pre- and intraoperatively. Surgery was performed, and BONJ was histologically confirmed in 9 patients. Location and extent of BONJ on different modalities/examinations were graphically compared (0 = no pathologic finding, 1 = smallest, 5 = largest extent of BONJ). Rank tests were used to assess overall and paired differences of ratings in 9 patients. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS:Significant differences in BONJ extent among different modalities and examinations were found (P < .001). The highest median rank was seen in PET/CT (4 ± 1.12) and CEMR imaging (4 ± 1.01), followed by intraoperative examinations (3 ± 0.71), CBCT (2 ± 0.33), and preoperative examinations (1 ± 0). No significant differences were found between PET/CT and CEMR imaging (P = .23), except when comparing PET/CT to either CBCT, pre- and intraoperative examinations (all P < .05). Preoperative examinations showed significantly less extensive disease than all other modalities/examinations (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS:[(18)F] fluoride PET/CT and CEMR imaging revealed more extensive involvement of BONJ compared with panoramic views from CBCT and clinical examinations.
    背景与目标:
  • 【在假定的眼结核患者中,通过正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描 (PET/CT) 研究全身摄取18-fdg的模式。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.3109/09273948.2012.697596 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mehta S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: AIM:To report the patterns and sites of 18-FDG uptake in patients of presumed ocular tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The clinical and investigational findings of 11 patients were reviewed retrospectively. These included 6 males and 5 females with a mean age of 46.2 years. 21 eyes were included in the data analysis. Clinical presentations include 15 eyes with anterior uveitis, 2 eyes with retinal vasculitis, 2 eyes with panuveitis and 2 eyes with multifocal choroidopathy. RESULTS:Two distinct patterns of systemic uptake emerged. Pattern 1: No detectable systemic uptake (4 patients). Pattern 2: Detectable systemic uptake. a. Chest disease only (2 patients). b. Disseminated pattern, uptake seen at multiple sites (4 patients). c. Extrapulmonary only (1 patient). CONCLUSIONS:Ocular tuberculosis may often be part of a wider disseminated disease.
    背景与目标:
  • 【六十四层CT使用主动脉瓣面积的平面测量法评估主动脉瓣狭窄。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2214/AJR.07.2069 复制DOI
    作者列表:Feuchtner GM,Müller S,Bonatti J,Schachner T,Velik-Salchner C,Pachinger O,Dichtl W
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The purpose of our study was to evaluate planimetry of the aortic valve area with 64-slice CT in comparison with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in patients with aortic stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty-six patients with aortic valve disease referred for coronary 64-slice CT angiography were examined. Planimetry of the aortic valve area with 64-slice CT was compared with TTE using the Doppler continuity equation for calculation of the aortic valve area and with planimetric measurement of the aortic valve area using TEE. RESULTS:Planimetry of the aortic valve area with CT (1.11 +/- 0.42 cm2) showed a good correlation with TTE (1.05 +/- 0.42 cm2) (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) in 32 patients and a good correlation with TEE (1.41 +/- 1.61 cm2) (r = 0.99, p < 0.0001) in 10 patients. The mean and maximum transvalvular pressure gradients were correlated with the aortic valve area as measured with CT (r = -0.68, p = 0.0001; and r = -0.67, p = 0.0001, respectively). Beta-blockers were not given (mean heart rate, 62.5 +/- 10.7 beats per minute). CONCLUSION:MDCT allows accurate planimetry of the aortic valve area in patients with aortic stenosis. In patients referred for 64-slice CT coronary angiography, concomitant aortic stenosis can be identified and evaluated.
    背景与目标:
  • 4 CT features of adnexal torsion. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【附件扭转的CT表现。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2214/AJR.06.0073 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hiller N,Appelbaum L,Simanovsky N,Lev-Sagi A,Aharoni D,Sella T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Adnexal torsion is most commonly a clinical diagnosis, often aided by sonographic findings. At times, the clinical presentation can mimic nongynecologic causes of acute lower abdominal pain. In these cases, CT may be the initial imaging study. The purpose of this study was to define the CT features associated with adnexal torsion. CONCLUSION:On CT, a well-defined adnexal mass abnormally located in the pelvis with ipsilateral deviation of the uterus in a woman or girl with lower abdominal pain should raise the suspicion of adnexal torsion. Inflammatory signs on CT suggest the presence of necrosis.
    背景与目标:
  • 【Iopentol (Imagopaque 300) 与iopromide (Ultravist 300) 在腹部CT中的比较。一项评估不良事件和诊断信息的多中心监测试验-来自西班牙518名患者的结果。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/pl00006875 复制DOI
    作者列表:Encina JL,Martí-Bonmatí L,Ronchera-Oms CL,Rodríguez V
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:Iopentol (Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo, Norway) and iopromide (Schering AG, Berlin, Germany) are low-osmolar, non-ionic, iodinated contrast media (CM) used in abdominal CT examinations. The intravenous safety profile and radiological efficacy of iopentol and iopromide were studied in 518 patients. Specifically, frequency of adverse events (AEs), subjective change in quality of diagnostic information, and quantitative enhancement characteristics were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective, double-blind, randomized, multicentre, parallel-group study was conducted at 8 hospitals. Patients received 100 ml of either iopentol 300 mg I/ml or iopromide 300 mg I/ml. RESULTS:The incidence of patients with AEs was statistically significantly lower in the iopentol group compared to the iopromide group (2.3% vs. 8.9%, p < 0.001). Discomfort was frequent in both groups (44.8% vs. 49.4%, p = 0.33), sensation of heat and warmth being most common. Overall, diagnostic information was similar in both groups. Both CM gave high percentages of examinations rated as optimal (87.1% vs. 90.5%, p = 0.34) and in which diagnostic confidence was increased (87.5% vs. 91.1%, p = 0.22). No significant differences between the two CM were found concerning quantitative enhancement characteristics. CONCLUSIONS:In this study iopentol was significantly safer than iopromide for contrast enhanced CT examination of the abdomen. Radiological efficacy was similar with both CM.
    背景与目标:
  • 【在自由呼吸的幼儿的肺部通过0.3秒电影CT获得的吸气和呼气相图像上检测空气滞留。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2214/AJR.05.0895 复制DOI
    作者列表:Goo HW,Kim HJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The objective of our study was to evaluate whether 0.3-second cine CT can be used to detect air trapping in the lungs of young children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:In 30 children (mean age, 25 months), 0.3-second cine CT was performed at six levels during 3 seconds of quiet breathing. The study population was divided into an air trapping group (n = 24) and a no-air trapping group (n = 6). Lung density was measured at an abnormal area (with or without air trapping) and an adjacent normal area on inspiratory and expiratory phase images. Lung density differences between inspiration and expiration were calculated and compared in abnormal areas (with or without air trapping) and in normal areas. Their percentages were calculated and compared between the two groups. In addition, lung density differences between abnormal and adjacent normal areas were calculated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS:Lung density differences between inspiration and expiration were smaller in areas with air trapping (mean +/- SD, -19 +/- 34 H) than in abnormal areas without air trapping (138 +/- 36 H) (p < 0.001) or in normal areas (111 +/- 49 H) (p < 0.001). Their percentages were smaller in the group with air trapping (-27% +/- 54%) than in the group with no air trapping (120% +/- 87%) (p < 0.001). In the group with air trapping, lung density differences were larger at the expiratory phase (260 +/- 77 H) than at the inspiratory phase (129 +/- 69 H) (p < 0.001), but did not change through the respiratory cycle in the group with no air trapping (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION:Air trapping can be accurately detected in the lungs of free-breathing young children using 0.3-second cine CT.
    背景与目标:
  • 【一水草酸钙 (COM) 结石的CT可见内部结石结构,但不是Hounsfield单位值,可预测体外碎石的脆性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00240-007-0104-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Zarse CA,Hameed TA,Jackson ME,Pishchalnikov YA,Lingeman JE,McAteer JA,Williams JC Jr
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones are often resistant to breakage using shock wave (SW) lithotripsy. It would be useful to identify by computed tomography (CT) those COM stones that are susceptible to SW's. For this study, 47 COM stones (4-10 mm in diameter) were scanned with micro CT to verify composition and also for assessment of heterogeneity (presence of pronounced lobulation, voids, or apatite inclusions) by blinded observers. Stones were then placed in water and scanned using 64-channel helical CT. As with micro CT, heterogeneity was assessed by blinded observers, using high-bone viewing windows. Then stones were broken in a lithotripter (Dornier Doli-50) over 2 mm mesh, and SW's counted. Results showed that classification of stones using micro CT was highly repeatable among observers (kappa = 0.81), and also predictive of stone fragility. Stones graded as homogeneous required 1,874 +/- 821 SW/g for comminution, while stones with visible structure required half as many SW/g, 912 +/- 678. Similarly, when stones were graded by appearance on helical CT, classification was repeatable (kappa = 0.40), and homogeneous stones required more SW's for comminution than did heterogeneous stones (1,702 +/- 993 SW/g, compared to 907 +/- 773). Stone fragility normalized to stone size did not correlate with Hounsfield units (P = 0.85). In conclusion, COM stones of homogeneous structure require almost twice as many SW's to comminute than stones of similar mineral composition that exhibit internal structural features that are visible by CT. This suggests that stone fragility in patients could be predicted using pre-treatment CT imaging. The findings also show that Hounsfield unit values of COM stones did not correlate with stone fragility. Thus, it is stone morphology, rather than X-ray attenuation, which correlates with fragility to SW's in this common stone type.
    背景与目标: : 草酸钙一水合物 (COM) 结石经常使用休克 (SW) 碎石术抵抗破裂。通过计算机断层扫描 (CT) 识别易受SW影响的COM结石将很有用。对于这项研究,用micro CT扫描了47个COM结石 (直径4-10毫米),以验证成分,并通过盲观察者评估异质性 (明显的分叶,空隙或磷灰石内含物的存在)。然后将结石放入水中,并使用64通道螺旋ct扫描。与micro CT一样,盲观察者使用高骨观察窗评估异质性。然后,石头在碎石机 (Dornier Doli-50) 中破碎了2毫米个网格,并计算了SW。结果表明,使用micro CT对结石进行分类在观察者中具有很高的重复性 (kappa = 0.81),并且还可以预测结石的脆性。将石头分级为均匀所需的1,874 +/- 821 SW/g进行粉碎,而具有可见结构的石头需要一半的SW/g,912 +/- 678。同样,当通过螺旋ct上的外观对结石进行分级时,分类是可重复的 (kappa = 0.40),并且均质结石比异质结石需要更多的SW进行粉碎 (1,702 +/- 993 SW/g,而907 +/- 773)。标准化为石头大小的石头脆性与Hounsfield单位不相关 (P = 0.85)。总之,均质结构的COM石需要粉碎的SW几乎是具有类似矿物成分的石的两倍,这些矿物成分具有CT可见的内部结构特征。这表明可以使用治疗前的CT成像来预测患者的结石脆性。研究结果还表明,COM石的Hounsfield单位值与石的脆弱性无关。因此,在这种常见的石头类型中,与脆性相关的是石头形态,而不是x射线衰减。
  • 【64层螺旋ct联合冷冻消融靶向治疗肝癌的疗效观察。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.3748/wjg.v23.i22.4080 复制DOI
    作者列表:Yan QH,Xu DG,Shen YF,Yuan DL,Bao JH,Li HB,Lv YG
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: AIM:To observe the effect of targeted therapy with 64-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) combined with cryoablation for liver cancer. METHODS:A total of 124 patients (142 tumors) were enrolled into this study. According to the use of dual-slice spiral CT or 64-slice spiral CT as a guide technology, patients were divided into two groups: dual-slice group (n = 56, 65 tumors) and 64-slice group (n = 8, 77 tumors). All patients were accepted and received targeted therapy by an argon-helium superconducting surgery system. The guided scan times of the two groups was recorded and compared. In the two groups, the lesion ice coverage in diameter of ≥ 3 cm and < 3 cm were recorded, and freezing effective rate was compared. Hepatic perfusion values [hepatic artery perfusion (HAP), portal vein perfusion (PVP), and the hepatic arterial perfusion index (HAPI)] of tumor tissues, adjacent tissues and normal liver tissues at preoperative and postoperative four weeks in the two groups were compared. Local tumor changes were recorded and efficiency was compared at four weeks post-operation. Adverse events were recorded and compared between the two groups, including fever, pain, frostbite, nausea, vomiting, pleural effusion and abdominal bleeding. RESULTS:Guided scan times in the dual-slice group was longer than that in the 64-slice group (t = 11.445, P = 0.000). The freezing effective rate for tumors < 3 cm in diameter in the dual-slice group (81.58%) was lower than that in the 64-slice group (92.86%) (χ2 = 5.707, P = 0.017). The HAP and HAPI of tumor tissues were lower at four weeks post-treatment than at pre-treatment in both groups (all P < 0.05), and those in the 64-slice group were lower than that in the dual-slice group (all P < 0.05). HAP and PVP were lower and HAPI was higher in tumor adjacent tissues at post-treatment than at pre-treatment (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the treatment effect and therapeutic efficacy in the dual-slice group were lower than the 64-slice group at four weeks post-treatment (all P < 0.05). Moreover, pleural effusion and intraperitoneal hemorrhage occurred in patients in the dual-slice group, while no complications occurred in the 64-slice group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:64-slice spiral CT applied with cryoablation in targeted therapy for liver cancer can achieve a safe and effective freezing treatment, so it is worth being used.
    背景与目标:
  • 【用非线性自适应滤波器降低胸部CT的辐射剂量。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1258/ar.2012.120045 复制DOI
    作者列表:Singh S,Digumarthy SR,Back A,Shepard JA,Kalra MK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:CT radiation dose reduction results in increased noise or graininess of images which affects the diagnostic information. One of the approaches to lower radiation exposure to patients is to reduce image noise with the use of image processing software in low radiation dose images. PURPOSE:To assess image quality and accuracy of non-linear adaptive filters (NLAF) at low dose chest CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS:In an IRB approved prospective study, 24 patients (mean age, 63 ± 7.3 years; M:F ratio, 11:13) gave informed consent for acquisition of four additional chest CT image series at 150, 110, 75, and 40 mAs (baseline image series) on a 64-slice MDCT over an identical 10-cm length. NLAF was used to process three low dose (110, 75, and 40 mAs) image series (postprocessed image series). Two radiologists reviewed baseline and postprocessed images in a blinded manner for image quality. Objective noise, CT attenuation values, patient weight, transverse diameters, CTDIvol, and DLP were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using parametric and non-parametric tests for comparing postprocessed and baseline images. RESULTS:No lesions were missed on baseline or postprocessed CT images (n = 80 lesions, 73 lesions <1 cm). At 40 mAs, subjective noise in mediastinal window settings were graded as unacceptable in baseline images and acceptable in postprocessed images. Visibility of smaller structures improved from suboptimal visibility in baseline images at 40 mAs to excellent in postprocessed images at 40 mAs. No major artifacts were seen due to NLAF postprocessing, except for minor beam hardening artifacts not affecting diagnostic decision-making (14/22) in both baseline and postprocessed image series. Diagnostic confidence for chest CT was improved to fully confident in postprocessed images at 40 mAs. Compared to baseline images, postprocessing reduced objective noise by 26% (14.2 ± 4.7/19.2 ± 6.4), 31.5% (15.2 ± 4.7/22.2 ± 5.7), and 41.5% (16.9 ± 6/28.9 ± 10.2) at 110 mAs, 75 mAs, and 40 mAs tube current-time product levels. CONCLUSION:Applications of NLAF can help reduce tube current down to 40 mAs for chest CT while maintaining lesion conspicuity and image quality.
    背景与目标:
  • 【印度北部儿童首次无缘无故癫痫发作后颅脑ct扫描的重要发现。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1093/tropej/fmm055 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mathur S,Southern K,Sharma M
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Neuroimaging after a first unprovoked seizure may show significant abnormalities. In our study, 32% of all children with a first apparent unprovoked seizure had an abnormal CT scan result. Most of these were ring-enhancing lesions of cysticercal or tubercular origin.
    背景与目标: : 第一次无缘无故癫痫发作后的神经影像学可能显示出明显的异常。在我们的研究中,所有首次出现明显的无端癫痫发作的儿童中有32% 的ct扫描结果异常。其中大多数是囊尾或结核起源的环增强病变。
  • 【使用微型CT系统观察球囊扩张支架的三维膨胀行为和弹性后坐力的定量评估。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.3233/THC-2012-0680 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mori F,Nakayama T,Matsuzawa T,Ohta M
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent implantation is widely used for the treatment of coronary stenosis. However, restenosis after stent implantation frequently reported by intravascular ultrasound evaluation. This may occur because of the reduced luminal area after implantation, insufficient stent expansion, or by the elastic recoil of the stent (ERS). Quantitative evaluation of stent expanding should provide further information on how to decrease the incidence of re-stenosis. Many previous studies have observed stent properties in 2D. However, the stent geometry is changed in 3D space, and 3D measurements will provide further information on factors such as the risk for asymmetric ERS. We performed 3D reconstruction using high spatial resolution images obtained with a Micro-CT system to observe the 3D expansion behavior of a test stent and quantitatively evaluate ERS. The expansion behavior of each structural component of the stent varied, as did the ERS and eccentricity. ERS ranged from 2.4% to 9.2% during observation form proximal and distal positions in each component. The greatest difference in ERS between 2D and 3D measurements was 5.2%. 3D measurements provide more information on ERS than 2D measurements. Our result shows the importance of the observation, and the evaluation by three dimensions.
    背景与目标: : 经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA) 与支架植入术广泛用于治疗冠状动脉狭窄。然而,血管内超声评估经常报告支架植入后的再狭窄。这可能是由于植入后管腔面积减小,支架扩张不足或支架的弹性反冲 (ERS) 引起的。支架扩张的定量评估应提供有关如何减少再狭窄发生率的进一步信息。以前的许多研究都在2D中观察到了支架的特性。但是,支架的几何形状在3D空间中会发生变化,并且3D测量将提供有关诸如不对称ERS风险等因素的进一步信息。我们使用Micro-CT系统获得的高空间分辨率图像进行了3D重建,以观察测试支架的3D扩展行为并定量评估ERS。支架的每个结构组件的膨胀行为以及ERS和偏心率都有所不同。在观察期间,每个组件的近端和远端位置的ERS范围从2.4% 到9.2%。2D和3D测量之间的ERS的最大差异是5.2%。3D测量比2D测量提供更多关于ERS的信息。我们的结果显示了观察的重要性,并通过三个维度进行了评估。
  • 【3-D CT是量化盂骨丢失时最可靠的成像方式。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s11999-012-2607-x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Bishop JY,Jones GL,Rerko MA,Donaldson C,MOON Shoulder Group.
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Posttraumatic anterior shoulder instability is associated with anterior glenoid bone loss, contributing to recurrence. Accurate preoperative quantification of bone loss is paramount to avoid failure of a soft tissue stabilization procedure as bone reconstruction is recommended for glenoid defects greater than 20% to 27%. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES:We determined whether radiography, MRI, or CT was most reliable to quantify glenoid bone loss in recurrent anterior shoulder instability. METHODS:Seven intact fresh-frozen human cadaveric shoulders were imaged with radiography, MRI, CT, and three-dimensional (3-D) CT. Three sequential anterior glenoid defects then were created, measured, and the shoulders reimaged after each defect. Defect sizes were less than 12%, 12% to 25%, and 25% to 40%. The gold standard measurement was determined by comparing measurements taken on the cadaver by two surgeons using digital calipers with the measurements determined by using electronic digital calipers on the 3-D CT. This measurement was used for comparison of all estimations by the evaluators. Twelve independent blinded evaluators reviewed the 112 image sets and estimated the percent of glenoid bone loss. Images were scrambled and rereviewed by the same observers 2 months later to determine intraobserver reliability. We determined reliability with kappa values. RESULTS:Kappa values between predicted bone loss versus true loss (determined by our gold standard measurements) across all 12 raters for each modality were: 3-D CT, 0.50; CT, 0.40; MRI, 0.27; and radiographs, 0.15. Interobserver agreement (kappa) values were: 3-D CT, 0.54; CT, 0.47; MRI, 0.31; and radiographs, 0.15. The intraobserver agreement (kappa) values were: 3-D CT, 0.59; CT, 0.64; MRI, 0.51; and radiographs, 0.45. CONCLUSIONS:Three-dimensional CT was the most reliable imaging modality for predicting glenoid bone loss. Regular CT was the second most reliable and reproducible modality.
    背景与目标:
  • 【胸椎黄韧带骨化的流行病学调查: 993例CT影像学观察。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00586-012-2492-8 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lang N,Yuan HS,Wang HL,Liao J,Li M,Guo FX,Shi S,Chen ZQ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of epidemiological distribution of the ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the thoracic spine including the incidence, segmental distribution, and shape. METHODS:Chest spiral computed tomography scans of 993 cases (male 506, female 487, mean age 60 years, range 5-102 years) who presented due to chest symptoms were analyzed with axial slices combined with sagittal slices. The conditions of OLF in the thoracic spine, including segments, thickness, location, and dural sac compression, were recorded. Prevalence was standardized according to the "Age Structure of Population in Beijing 2008". RESULTS:Among the population investigated, the standardized prevalence rate was 63.9 %. The standardized prevalence rate for males (68.5 %) was higher than that for females (59.0 %). The highest prevalence rate of OLF was in the 50-59 years age group (79.2 %); however, high density originated it can be found in individuals aged 10-19 years. The comparison of different thoracic segments showed that T10-11 (44.0 %) and T11-12 (41.6 %) had the highest prevalence rates. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of ossification of the ligamentum flavum was highest in the 50-59 years group, but also occurred in early years. OLF occurs more frequently in the lower than in the upper and middle thoracic regions and its prevalence increases with aging.
    背景与目标:
  • 【通过对比剂增强的冠状动脉CT血管造影研究,全自动推导冠状动脉钙评分和心血管风险评估。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00330-012-2652-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ebersberger U,Eilot D,Goldenberg R,Lev A,Spears JR,Rowe GW,Gallagher NY,Halligan WT,Blanke P,Makowski MR,Krazinski AW,Silverman JR,Bamberg F,Leber AW,Hoffmann E,Schoepf UJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:Performance evaluation of a fully automated system for calculating computed tomography (CT) coronary artery calcium scores from contrast medium-enhanced coronary CT angiography (cCTA) studies. METHODS:One hundred and twenty-seven patients (58 ± 11 years, 71 men) who had undergone cCTA as well as an unenhanced CT calcium scoring study where included. Calcium scores were computed from cCTA by an automated image processing algorithm and compared with calcium scores obtained by standard manual assessment of unenhanced CT calcium scoring studies. Results were compared vis-a-vis (1) absolute calcium score values, (2) age-, gender- and race-dependent percentiles, and (3) commonly used calcium score risk classification categories. RESULTS:One hundred and nineteen out of 127 (93.7%) studies were successfully processed. Mean Agatston calcium score values obtained by traditional non-contrast CT calcium scoring studies and derived from contrast medium-enhanced cCTA did not significantly differ (235.6 ± 430.5 vs 262.0 ± 499.5; P > 0.05). Calcium score risk categories and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) percentiles showed very high correlation (Spearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.97, P < 0.0001/0.95, P < 0.0001) between the two approaches. CONCLUSIONS:Calcium score values automatically computed from cCTA are highly correlated with standard unenhanced CT calcium scoring studies. These results suggest a radiation dose- and time-saving potential when deriving calcium scores from cCTA studies without a preceding unenhanced CT calcium scoring study.
    背景与目标:
  • 【CT上内脏脂肪面积与冠状动脉危险因素标志物之间的关系。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2169/internalmedicine.52.9190 复制DOI
    作者列表:Shiina Y,Homma Y
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The visceral fat area (VFA) was measured, and the relationships between the VFA and the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, and indices of lipid and sugar metabolism were evaluated. METHODS:The subjects included 607 consecutive patients who underwent VFA examinations using computed tomography (CT) scans. In addition to the routine examination parameters, the levels of adiponectin and homeostasis model assessment as an index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured in all subjects, and the levels of malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), remnant-like particles (RLP), lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), apolipoprotein (Apo) AI, ApoB and ApoE were measured in 270 subjects. RESULTS:In both men and women, the VFA showed significant positive correlations with the age, BMI, waist circumference, subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area (v/s) ratio, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, the fasting blood sugar (FBS), the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglyceride (TG), uric acid, HOMA-IR and ApoB and the ApoB/LDLC ratio and significant negative correlations with the levels of HDLC and adiponectin. The levels of the total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), non-HDLC, MDA-LDL and Lp(a) and the ApoB/ApoAI ratio were not correlated with the VFA in either men or women. The RLP exhibited a significant positive correlation with the VFA in women. CONCLUSION:The VFA exhibited high positive correlations with the waist circumference, blood pressure and TG level and a negative correlation with the HDLC level, regardless of gender, supporting the validity of the present diagnostic method for evaluating metabolic syndrome (MS). Although the LDLC level is not included in the diagnostic criteria for MS, the positive correlations between the VFA and the ApoB level and ApoB/LDLC ratio observed in both men and women indicate qualitative abnormalities of lipoproteins, such as an increase in the amount of small dense LDL. Measuring the levels of apolipoproteins in addition to lipoproteins during health screening is therefore useful for evaluating of atherogenicity.
    背景与目标:

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