• 【无铅左心室心内膜心脏再同步化治疗的现实经验: WiSE-CRT起搏系统的多中心国际注册。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.002 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sieniewicz BJ,Betts TR,James S,Turley A,Butter C,Seifert M,Boersma LVA,Riahi S,Neuzil P,Biffi M,Diemberger I,Vergara P,Arnold M,Keane DT,Defaye P,Deharo JC,Chow A,Schilling R,Behar J,Rinaldi CA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Biventricular endocardial pacing (BiV ENDO) is a therapy for heart failure patients who cannot receive transvenous epicardial cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) or have not responded adequately to CRT. BiV ENDO CRT can be delivered by a new wireless LV ENDO pacing system (WiSE-CRT system; EBR Systems, Sunnyvale, CA), without the requirement for lifelong anticoagulation. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the WiSE-CRT system during real-world clinical use in an international registry. METHODS:Data were prospectively collected from 14 centers implanting the WiSE-CRT system as part of the WiCS-LV Post Market Surveillance Registry. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02610673). RESULTS:Ninety patients from 14 European centers underwent implantation with the WiSE-CRT system. Patients were predominantly male, age 68.2 ± 10.5 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 30.6% ± 8.9%, mean QRS duration 180.7 ± 27.0 ms, and 40% with ischemic etiology. Successful implantation and delivery of BiV ENDO pacing was achieved in 94.4% of patients. Acute (<24 hours), 1- to 30-day, and 1- to 6-month complications rates were 4.4%, 18.8%, and 6.7%, respectively. Five deaths (5.6%) occurred within 6 months (3 procedure related). Seventy percent of patients had improvement in heart failure symptoms. CONCLUSION:BiV ENDO pacing with the WiSE-CRT system seems to be technically feasible, with a high success rate. Three procedural deaths occurred during the study. Procedural complications mandate adequate operator training and implantation at centers with immediately available cardiothoracic and vascular surgical support.
    背景与目标:
  • 【使用IMRT和3D-CRT进行头颈部放射治疗期间处于危险中的器官的剂量。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2478/v10019-012-0050-y 复制DOI
    作者列表:Peszynska-Piorun M,Malicki J,Golusinski W
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :BACKGROUND.: Treatment planning for head and neck (H&N) cancer is complex due to the number of organs at risk (OAR) located near the planning treatment volume (PTV). Distant OAR must also be taken into consideration. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) are both common H&N treatment techniques with very different planning approaches. Although IMRT allows a better dose conformity in PTV, there is much less evidence as to which technique less dose to OAR is delivered. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare IMRT to 3D-CRT treatment in terms of dose distribution to OAR in H&N cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS.: This was a prospective study of a series of 25 patients diagnosed with stage cT(3-4)N(0-2) laryngeal cancer. All patients underwent total laryngectomy and bilateral selective neck dissections. In all cases, patients were treated with IMRT, although a 3D-CRT treatment plan was also developed for the comparative analysis. To compare doses to specific OAR, we developed a new comparative index based on sub-volumes. RESULTS.: In general, IMRT appears to deliver comparable or greater doses to OAR, although the only significant differences were found in the cerebellum, in which 3D-CRT was found to better spare the organ. CONCLUSIONS.: Organs located outside of the IMRT beam (i.e., distant organs) are generally thought to be well-spared. However, the results of this study show that, in the case of the cerebellum, this was not true. This finding suggests that larger studies should be performed to understand the effects of IMRT on distant tissues. Anthropomorphic phantom studies could also confirm these results.
    背景与目标: : 背景: 由于位于计划治疗量 (PTV) 附近的高危器官 (OAR) 的数量,因此头颈部 (H & N) 癌症的治疗计划很复杂。还必须考虑遥远的桨。调强放疗 (IMRT) 和三维适形放疗 (3D-CRT) 都是常见的H & N治疗技术,其计划方法非常不同。尽管IMRT在PTV中允许更好的剂量一致性,但关于哪种技术给OAR的剂量较小的证据却少得多。因此,该研究的目的是比较IMRT与3D-CRT治疗在H & N癌症中OAR的剂量分布。患者和方法。: 这是对25例诊断为cT(3-4)N(0-2) 喉癌的患者的前瞻性研究。所有患者均接受全喉切除术和双侧选择性颈部解剖。在所有情况下,患者均接受了IMRT治疗,尽管还制定了3D-CRT治疗计划以进行比较分析。为了将剂量与特定桨进行比较,我们基于子卷开发了一个新的比较指数。结果: 总的来说,IMRT似乎向OAR提供了相当或更大的剂量,尽管在小脑中发现了唯一的显着差异,其中3D-CRT可以更好地保留器官。结论: 通常认为位于IMRT束之外的器官 (即远处的器官) 可以幸免。然而,这项研究的结果表明,在小脑的情况下,这是不正确的。这一发现表明,应该进行更大的研究以了解IMRT对远处组织的影响。拟人化的幻影研究也可以证实这些结果。
  • 【油棕干旱诱导型DREB1在低温和PEG处理下诱导低地转基因番茄中含DRE/CRT和非DRE/CRT基因的表达。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.025 复制DOI
    作者列表:Azzeme AM,Abdullah SNA,Aziz MA,Wahab PEM
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factor plays an important role in controlling the expression of abiotic stress responsive genes. An intronless oil palm EgDREB1 was isolated and confirmed to be a nuclear localized protein. Electrophoretic mobility shift and yeast one-hybrid assays validated its ability to interact with DRE/CRT motif. Its close evolutionary relation to the dicot NtDREB2 suggests a universal regulatory role. In order to determine its involvement in abiotic stress response, functional characterization was performed in oil palm seedlings subjected to different levels of drought severity and in EgDREB1 transgenic tomato seedlings treated by abiotic stresses. Its expression in roots and leaves was compared with several antioxidant genes using quantitative real-time PCR. Early accumulation of EgDREB1 in oil palm roots under mild drought suggests possible involvement in the initiation of signaling communication from root to shoot. Ectopic expression of EgDREB1 in T1 transgenic tomato seedlings enhanced expression of DRE/CRT and non-DRE/CRT containing genes, including tomato peroxidase (LePOD), ascorbate peroxidase (LeAPX), catalase (LeCAT), superoxide dismutase (LeSOD), glutathione reductase (LeGR), glutathione peroxidase (LeGP), heat shock protein 70 (LeHSP70), late embryogenesis abundant (LeLEA), metallothionine type 2 (LeMET2), delta 1-pyrroline-5- carboxylate synthetase (LePCS), ABA-aldehyde oxidase (LeAAO) and 9-cis- Epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (LeECD) under PEG treatment and cold stress (4 °C). Altogether, these findings suggest that EgDREB1 is a functional regulator in enhancing tolerance to drought and cold stress.
    背景与目标: : 脱水反应元件结合 (DREB) 转录因子在控制非生物应激反应基因的表达中起重要作用。分离出无内含子油棕EgDREB1,并确认为核定位蛋白。电泳迁移率转移和酵母单杂交试验验证了其与DRE/CRT基序相互作用的能力。它与双子叶动物NtDREB2的密切进化关系表明了普遍的调节作用。为了确定其参与非生物胁迫反应,在遭受不同干旱严重程度的油棕幼苗和经非生物胁迫处理的EgDREB1转基因番茄幼苗中进行了功能表征。使用定量实时PCR将其在根和叶片中的表达与几种抗氧化基因进行比较。轻度干旱下油棕根中EgDREB1的早期积累表明可能参与了从根到芽的信号传递的启动。EgDREB1在T1转基因番茄幼苗中的异位表达增强了DRE/CRT和非DRE/CRT基因的表达,包括番茄过氧化物酶 (LePOD),抗坏血酸过氧化物酶 (LeAPX),过氧化氢酶 (LeCAT),超氧化物歧化酶 (LeSOD),谷胱甘肽还原酶 (LeGR),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (LeGP),热休克蛋白70 (LeHSP70),晚期胚胎发生丰富 (LeLEA),金属硫氨酸2型 (LeMET2),delta 1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸酯合成酶 (LePCS),ABA-醛氧化酶 (LeAAO) 和9-在PEG处理和冷胁迫 (4 °C) 下的顺式环氧胡萝卜素双加氧酶 (LeECD)。总而言之,这些发现表明EgDREB1是增强对干旱和寒冷胁迫的耐受性的功能调节剂。
  • 【使用Shiny CRT计算器进行多周期聚类随机平行,交叉和阶梯式楔形试验的样本量计算教程。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1093/ije/dyz237 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hemming K,Kasza J,Hooper R,Forbes A,Taljaard M
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :It has long been recognized that sample size calculations for cluster randomized trials require consideration of the correlation between multiple observations within the same cluster. When measurements are taken at anything other than a single point in time, these correlations depend not only on the cluster but also on the time separation between measurements and additionally, on whether different participants (cross-sectional designs) or the same participants (cohort designs) are repeatedly measured. This is particularly relevant in trials with multiple periods of measurement, such as the cluster cross-over and stepped-wedge designs, but also to some degree in parallel designs. Several papers describing sample size methodology for these designs have been published, but this methodology might not be accessible to all researchers. In this article we provide a tutorial on sample size calculation for cluster randomized designs with particular emphasis on designs with multiple periods of measurement and provide a web-based tool, the Shiny CRT Calculator, to allow researchers to easily conduct these sample size calculations. We consider both cross-sectional and cohort designs and allow for a variety of assumed within-cluster correlation structures. We consider cluster heterogeneity in treatment effects (for designs where treatment is crossed with cluster), as well as individually randomized group-treatment trials with differential clustering between arms, for example designs where clustering arises from interventions being delivered in groups. The calculator will compute power or precision, as a function of cluster size or number of clusters, for a wide variety of designs and correlation structures. We illustrate the methodology and the flexibility of the Shiny CRT Calculator using a range of examples.
    背景与目标: : 长期以来,人们已经认识到,集群随机试验的样本量计算需要考虑同一集群内多个观察值之间的相关性。当在单个时间点以外的任何地方进行测量时,这些相关性不仅取决于聚类,还取决于测量之间的时间间隔,此外还取决于不同参与者 (横截面设计) 还是相同参与者 (队列设计) 重复测量。这在具有多个测量周期的试验中尤其重要,例如群集交叉和阶梯状楔形设计,但在某种程度上在并行设计中也很重要。已经发表了几篇描述这些设计的样本量方法的论文,但是并非所有研究人员都可以使用这种方法。在本文中,我们提供了一个关于集群随机设计的样本大小计算的教程,特别强调了具有多个测量周期的设计,并提供了一个基于网络的工具,即闪亮的CRT计算器,以使研究人员能够轻松地进行这些样本大小计算。我们同时考虑横截面设计和队列设计,并允许各种假定的簇内相关结构。我们考虑了治疗效果中的聚类异质性 (针对治疗与聚类交叉的设计),以及单独的随机分组治疗试验,其中手臂之间存在差异聚类,例如,聚类源于分组干预的设计。计算器将计算功率或精度,作为集群大小或集群数量的函数,用于各种设计和相关结构。我们使用一系列示例说明了Shiny CRT计算器的方法和灵活性。
  • 【CRT漏斗玻璃回收方法的开发。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/09593330.2012.666570 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ling TC,Poon CS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Finding better solutions to manage and recycle cathode-ray tube (CRT) glass is crucial for reducing the environmental threats due to the disposal of the glass. In this paper, the results of a laboratory study on developing a method for removing lead from crushed funnel glass surface and re-utilizing the treated glass in cement mortar are presented. The results demonstrate that nitric acid at 3-5% concentration levels can be used to remove most of the lead from the crushed funnel glass surface and render it as non-hazardous waste based on toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) testing. It is noted that the particle size of glass and number of treatment cycles are significant factors affecting lead extraction. The study further demonstrated that it is feasible to utilize up to 100% of treated funnel glass as a replacement for natural sand for producing cement mortar.
    背景与目标: : 找到更好的解决方案来管理和回收阴极射线管 (CRT) 玻璃对于减少由于处置玻璃而造成的环境威胁至关重要。本文介绍了开发一种从破碎的漏斗玻璃表面去除铅并在水泥砂浆中重新利用处理过的玻璃的方法的实验室研究结果。结果表明,3-5% 浓度水平的硝酸可用于从破碎的漏斗玻璃表面去除大部分铅,并根据毒性特性浸出程序 (TCLP) 测试使其成为无害废物。请注意,玻璃的粒径和处理循环次数是影响铅提取的重要因素。该研究进一步表明,利用多达100% 的处理过的漏斗玻璃代替天然砂生产水泥砂浆是可行的。
  • 【呼吁在心脏再同步治疗的候选人中广泛使用crt-p。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s10741-011-9277-8 复制DOI
    作者列表:Daubert JC,Donal E,Linde C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Spectacular developments have taken place, in the last 10 years, in the device-based management of heart failure (HF). Patients presenting with chronic HF may benefit from a device implanted with a view to: (1) resynchronise the pump function of a discoordinated failing heart or (2) prevent sudden arrhythmic death by automatic cardioversion or defibrillation. This "point-of-view" article reviews the large amount of information gathered in the past 10 years on the use of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), with or without cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and puts in perspective the advisability of using one, the other or both treatments in distinct patient subsets. There is currently no strong scientific evidence supporting the systematic implantation of CRT-ICD (CRT-D) instead of CRT pacemakers (CRT-P). Plain common sense should limit the prescription of these costly and complicated devices to patients in need of secondary prevention of ventricular arrhythmias or, for primary prevention, in younger patients without major concomitant illnesses. The preferential choice of CRT-P for the remainder of ambulatory patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV is currently acceptable. Because of insufficient data regarding the performance of CRT-P in patients presenting in NYHA functional class I or II, CRT-D is currently the device of choice for this sub-population.
    背景与目标: : 在过去的10年中,基于设备的心力衰竭 (HF) 管理取得了惊人的发展。患有慢性HF的患者可能会从植入的设备中受益,该设备旨在 :( 1) 重新同步不协调的衰竭心脏的泵功能,或 (2) 通过自动复律或除颤来防止心律失常性猝死。这篇 “观点” 文章回顾了过去10年中收集的关于使用心脏再同步治疗 (CRT) 的大量信息,无论是否使用心律转复除颤器 (ICD),并透视了使用一个,在不同的患者子集中进行其他或两种治疗。目前没有强有力的科学证据支持系统植入crt-icd (crt-d) 而不是CRT起搏器 (crt-p)。普通常识应将这些昂贵且复杂的设备的处方限制为需要二级预防室性心律失常的患者,或者对于初级预防,对于没有重大伴随疾病的年轻患者。对于纽约心脏协会 (NYHA) 功能III或IV级的其余门诊患者,crt-p的优先选择目前是可以接受的。由于有关NYHA功能I或II级患者crt-p表现的数据不足,crt-d目前是该亚人群的首选设备。
  • 【行为减肥治疗前成人肥胖的团体认知补救疗法: 随机对照优势研究 (CRT研究) 的研究方案。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022616 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hilbert A,Blume M,Petroff D,Neuhaus P,Smith E,Hay PJ,Hübner C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: INTRODUCTION:Individuals with obesity show deficits in executive functioning which have been implicated in decreased weight loss outcome. Preliminary evidence suggests that cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) improves executive functioning and weight loss in obesity. However, confirmatory support, especially for pre-weight loss use, is lacking. The CRT study aims at determining the efficacy of CRT versus no treatment control in patients with obesity before entering behavioural weight loss (BWL) treatment. It is hypothesised that individuals who receive CRT will show better weight loss outcome, improved executive functioning, greater weight loss-related behavioural changes and higher attendance of BWL treatment, 6 and 12 months after cessation of CRT. METHODS AND ANALYSIS:In a single-centre, assessor-blinded, randomised, two-armed parallel-group superiority trial, 260 adults with body mass index ≥35.0 kg/m2 are centrally randomised to 8-week group-based CRT versus no treatment, before entering BWL treatment. Primary outcome is the amount of weight loss (%) at 6-month follow-up, compared with pre-treatment, derived from measured body weight. Secondary outcomes include improvement in executive functioning post-treatment and in weight loss-related behaviour, mental and physical health, and attendance to BWL treatment at 6-month and 12-month follow-up. Maintenance of weight loss at 12-month follow-up will be determined. Mixed model analyses based on intent-to-treat will be used to compare the CRT and control groups with respect to differences in weight change between pre-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Similar models will be used for analysing 12-month follow-up data and secondary outcomes. Further analyses will include additional covariates to identify predictors of treatment outcome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Leipzig (256-15-13072015, version 'Final 1.0 from 28 May 2015). The study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:DRKS00009333; Pre-results.
    背景与目标:
  • 【半自动化QRS评分可作为CRT治疗严格左束支传导阻滞患者生存的预测指标。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2017.11.001 复制DOI
    作者列表:Reitan C,Chaudhry U,Atwater B,Jacobsson J,Couderc JP,Xia X,Carlson J,Platonov PG,Borgquist R
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is widely used for treating selected heart failure patients, but patients with myocardial scar respond worse to treatment. The Selvester QRS scoring system estimates myocardial scar burden using 12-lead ECG. This study's objective was to investigate the scores correlation to mortality in a CRT population. METHODS AND RESULTS:Data on consecutive CRT patients was collected. 401 patients with LBBB and available ECG data were included in the study. QuAReSS software was used to perform Selvester scoring. Mean Selvester score was 6.4, corresponding to 19% scar burden. The endpoint was death or heart transplant; outcome was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. A Selvester score >8 was significantly associated with higher risk of the combined endpoint (HR 1.59, p=.014, CI 1.09-2.3). CONCLUSION:Higher Selvester scores correlate to mortality in CRT patients with strict LBBB and might be of value in prognosticating survival.
    背景与目标:
  • 【心脏再同步化治疗后根据基线QRS持续时间的绝对生存率: 一项多国10年经验: 来自多中心国际CRT研究的数据.】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.10.017 复制DOI
    作者列表:Gasparini M,Leclercq C,Yu CM,Auricchio A,Steinberg JS,Lamp B,Klersy C,Leyva F
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:In the major trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), the survival benefit of the therapy, relative to control subjects, increases with QRS duration. In the non-CRT heart failure population, however, a wide QRS duration is associated with a shorter survival. Relative survival benefit from a therapy, however, is not synonymous with a longer absolute survival. We sought to determine whether baseline QRS duration relates to the absolute survival after CRT. METHODS AND RESULTS:In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study, 3,319 consecutive patients undergoing CRT (QRS 120-149 ms 26%, QRS 150-199 ms 58%, and QRS ≥200 ms 16%) were assessed in relation to mortality over 10 years. Overall mortality rates (per 100 patient-years) were 9.2%, 9.3%, and 13.3% in the 3 groups, respectively (all P < .001). Cardiac mortality rates were 6.2, 6.0, and 9.9 per 100 patient-years, respectively (all P < .001). Compared with the QRS 120-149 ms group, cardiac mortality was highest in the QRS ≥200 ms group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.72 [95% CI 1.35-2.19], P < .001), independent of age, gender, New York Heart Association class, presence of atrial fibrillation, heart failure etiology, and left ventricular ejection fraction. Median survival after CRT was longest in patients with a width of QRS 120-149 ms and shortest in patients with a QRS ≥200 ms (P < .001). In multivariable analyses, a QRS ≥200 ms emerged as a powerful independent predictor of both overall (HR 1.44 [95% CI 1.07-1.94], P = .017) and cardiac mortality (HR 1.59 [95% CI 1.14-2.24], P = .007). CONCLUSIONS:At long-term follow-up, absolute overall and cardiac survival after CRT is similar in patients with a preimplant QRS duration of 120 to 149 ms and 150 to 199 ms but markedly shorter in patients with a QRS ≥200 ms.
    背景与目标:
  • 【用CRT将单室ICD升级为双室ICD时诊断出高压引线故障。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1093/europace/eul094 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kaźmierczak J,Rzeuski R,Peregud-Pogorzelska M,Goracy J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We describe a case of defibrillation lead damage which was detected only during an upgrade procedure from single-chamber ICD to dual-chamber ICD with biventricular pacing. The damage was not detected during routine checks in the ICD clinic.
    背景与目标: : 我们描述了除颤铅损伤的情况,该情况仅在双心室起搏从单室ICD升级到双室ICD的过程中检测到。在ICD诊所进行常规检查时未发现损坏。
  • 【用CRT和TAT PTD修饰CEA在RNA脉冲DC疫苗接种中诱导有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.08.072 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kim SG,Park MY,Kim CH,Sohn HJ,Kim HS,Park JS,Kim HJ,Oh ST,Kim TG
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is expressed on human colon carcinomas, is well characterized, and continues to be a promising target for cancer immunotherapy in humans. To enhance the immunogenecity of CEA, we developed a fusion gene (CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA) of the TAT protein transduction domain (PTD) and calreticulin (CRT) with human CEA devoid of its signal sequences (DeltaCEA) and evaluated anti-tumor immunity using RNA-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccination. Mice vaccinated with DC by electroporation with mRNA encoding TAT-DeltaCEA (DC/TAT-DeltaCEA) and CRT-DeltaCEA (DC/CRT-DeltaCEA) had enhanced induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and increased numbers of IFN-gamma-secreting T cells by ELISPOT, as compared to mice vaccinated with DC/DeltaCEA. DC/CRT-DeltaCEA and DC/TAT-DeltaCEA vaccines preferentially stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. The DC vaccine by electroporation with mRNA encoding CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA (DC/CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA) enhanced both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. DC/CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA had the additional effects of CRT and TAT PTD and enhanced the anti-tumor effect against CEA-expressing tumors compared to DC/CRT-DeltaCEA or DC/TAT-DeltaCEA. These findings suggest that modification of CEA with both CRT and TAT PTD induces potent anti-tumor immune responses in RNA-pulsed DC vaccination and may be a useful approach for DC-based immunotherapy.
    背景与目标: : 癌胚抗原 (CEA) 在人结肠癌上表达,具有很好的特征,并且仍然是人类癌症免疫治疗的有希望的靶标。为了增强CEA的免疫原性,我们开发了TAT蛋白转导结构域 (PTD) 和钙网蛋白 (CRT) 的融合基因 (CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA) 与没有信号序列的人CEA (DeltaCEA),并使用RNA脉冲树突状细胞 (DC) 疫苗评估了抗肿瘤免疫。用编码TAT-DeltaCEA (DC/TAT-DeltaCEA) 和CRT-DeltaCEA (DC/CRT-DeltaCEA) 的mRNA电穿孔接种DC的小鼠增强了对肿瘤特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 (CTL) 的诱导,并增加了IFN-γ 的数量ELISPOT分泌的T细胞,与接种DC/DeltaCEA疫苗的小鼠相比。DC/CRT-DeltaCEA和DC/TAT-DeltaCEA疫苗分别优先刺激CD4 + 和CD8 + T细胞。用编码CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA (DC/CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA) 的mRNA进行电穿孔的DC疫苗可增强CD4和CD8 T细胞。与DC/CRT-DeltaCEA或DC/TAT-DeltaCEA相比,DC/CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA具有CRT和TAT PTD的附加作用,并增强了对表达CEA的肿瘤的抗肿瘤作用。这些发现表明,用CRT和TAT PTD修饰CEA可在RNA脉冲DC疫苗接种中诱导有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应,并且可能是基于DC的免疫疗法的有用方法。
  • 【252的中子近距离放射治疗结合EBRT与3D-CRT治疗食管鳞状细胞癌的回顾性研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s13014-015-0520-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Wang Q,Li T,Lang J,Wang J,Wang J,Liu H,Jia X,Liu B,Wang CK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:We conducted a retrospective analysis on 884 patients who were diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and treated with either the neutron brachytherapy in combination with external beam radiotherapy (NBT + EBRT) or 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) to determine the differences in efficacy and morbidity between the two treatment groups. METHODS:The 884 ESCC patients treated with either NBT + EBRT or 3D-CRT between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Multivariable Cox regression was used to compare oncologic outcomes of the two groups of patients in the context of other clinically relevant variables. The acute and chronic toxicities associated with the two groups were compared using Fisher exact and log-rank tests, respectively. RESULTS:Among the 884 patients, 545 received NBT + EBRT and 339 received 3D-CRT (i.e. EBRT-only). The age range is 39-95 years (median 66). The follow-up time range is 3-145 months (median 32). The analysis shows that the NBT + EBRT group has higher overall survival rate and local control rate than that of the 3D-CRT group. The acute toxicity effects were acceptable for both groups of patients with the NBT + EBRT group showing higher rates of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and the 3D-CRT group showing higher rates on fistula and massive bleeding. CONCLUSIONS:The patients treated with NBT + EBRT showed better oncologic outcomes than those treated with 3D-CRT. The toxicity effects were acceptable for both groups with the NBT + EBRT group showing higher rates on the acute effects and the 3D-CRT group showing higher rates on the late effects.
    背景与目标:
  • 【纤维素增强淀粉 (CRT) 薄膜的生产和表征。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.037 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sudharsan K,Chandra Mohan C,Azhagu Saravana Babu P,Archana G,Sabina K,Sivarajan M,Sukumar M
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Starch from Tamarind seed is considered to be a nonedible and inexpensive component, with many industrial applications. Extraction and characterization of tamarind seed starch was carried out for the synthesis of biopolymer. Tamarind seeds were collected, cleaned and further roasted, decorticated, and pulverized to get starch powder. Total starch content present in each tamarind seed is estimated to be around 65-70%. About 84.68% purified starch can be recovered from the tamarind seed. Defatted Tamarind seed starch has an amylose content of 27.55 wt.% and 72.45 wt.% of amylopectin. Morphological (SEM) and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate crystallinity. Likewise, TGA and DSC of starch have also been analyzed. Thermal properties of starch obtained from tamarind seeds showed good thermal stability when compared to other starch sources such as Mesquite seed and Mango kernel. This study proved that the tamarind seed starch can be used as a potential biopolymer material. Thermo-stable biofilms were produced through initial optimization studies. Predictive response surface quadratic models were constructed for prediction and optimization of biofilm mechanical properties. Correlation coefficient values were calculated to me more than 0.90 for mechanical responses which implies the fitness of constructed model with experimental data.
    背景与目标: : 罗望子种子中的淀粉被认为是不可食用且廉价的成分,具有许多工业应用。罗望子种子淀粉的提取和表征用于生物聚合物的合成。收集罗望子种子,清洗并进一步烘烤,去皮,粉碎以获得淀粉粉。每个罗望子种子中存在的总淀粉含量估计约为65-70%。约84.68% 纯化的淀粉可从罗望子种子中回收。脱脂罗望子种子淀粉的直链淀粉含量为27.55重量 % 和72.45重量 % 支链淀粉。形貌 (SEM) 和x射线衍射用于评估结晶度。同样,也分析了淀粉的TGA和DSC。与其他淀粉来源 (例如豆科灌木种子和芒果仁) 相比,从罗望子种子获得的淀粉的热性能显示出良好的热稳定性。这项研究证明了罗望子种子淀粉可以用作潜在的生物聚合物材料。通过初始优化研究产生了热稳定的生物膜。建立了预测响应面二次模型,用于预测和优化生物膜的机械性能。对于机械响应,我计算的相关系数值超过0.90,这意味着构建的模型与实验数据的适用性。
  • 【认知修复疗法 (CRT) 对初始记忆能力低的精神分裂症患者受益更大。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.3109/09638288.2014.946153 复制DOI
    作者列表:Pillet B,Morvan Y,Todd A,Franck N,Duboc C,Grosz A,Launay C,Demily C,Gaillard R,Krebs MO,Amado I
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia mainly affect memory, attention and executive functions. Cognitive remediation is a technique derived from neuropsychology, which aims to improve or compensate for these deficits. Working memory, verbal learning, and executive functions are crucial factors for functional outcome. Our purpose was to assess the impact of the cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) program on cognitive difficulties in patients with schizophrenia, especially on working memory, verbal memory, and cognitive flexibility. METHODS:We collected data from clinical and neuropsychological assessments in 24 patients suffering from schizophrenia (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental Disorders-Fourth Edition, DSM-IV) who followed a 3-month (CRT) program. Verbal and visuo-spatial working memory, verbal memory, and cognitive flexibility were assessed before and after CRT. RESULTS:The Wilcoxon test showed significant improvements on the backward digit span, on the visual working memory span, on verbal memory and on flexibility. Cognitive improvement was substantial when baseline performance was low, independently from clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS:CRT is effective on crucial cognitive domains and provides a huge benefit for patients having low baseline performance. Such cognitive amelioration appears highly promising for improving the outcome in cognitively impaired patients.
    背景与目标:
  • 【使用异源DNA标准对MDR1转录本进行绝对定量-竞争性rt-pcr (crt-pcr) 方法的验证。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.2144/99266st03 复制DOI
    作者列表:el-Osta A,Kantharidis P,Zalcberg J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: The multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene product, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), is a 170-kDa ATP-dependent pump that expels a variety of anticancer drugs out of malignant cells, reducing drug accumulation and thus antitumor activity. In recent years, considerable data has been presented that indicates the need to standardize detection methods for Pgp and MDR1. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR is one of the most sensitive and specific techniques used to detect MDR1. Nevertheless, there is the need to address working criteria for quantitation by RT-PCR. In this study, we describe a flexible assay used to quantify MDR1 gene expression using heterologous (nonhomologous) standards for use in competitive RT-PCR (CRT-PCR). Our guidelines were to use a RT-PCR quantitation method that was independent of exponential phase kinetics, sensitive (detect low levels of gene measurement in clinical samples) and did not require radiolabel. Furthermore, the method would need to be flexible enough for the user to express quantitation as either the number of cells or amount of cDNA used in CRT-PCR. Using low-stringency amplification, heterologous DNA competitors were constructed for MDR1 and as an internal reference, the ubiquitously expressed human histone variant 3.3 (H3.3). The benefits of this approach are threefold(i) amplification kinetics of target and competitor molecules are identical, (ii) low-stringency PCR is a simple way of constructing heterologous DNA competitors that do not require special storage conditions and (iii) heterologous competitors avoid the formation of heteroduplex molecules. We conclude that CRT-PCR is an extremely flexible and sensitive assay that can quantify MDR1 based on competitive amplification of a heterologous competitor. This might complement future efforts to standardize MDR1 detection methods using RT-PCR.

    背景与目标: 多药耐药 (MDR1) 基因产物P-糖蛋白 (Pgp) 是一种170 kDa的ATP依赖性泵,可将多种抗癌药物从恶性细胞中排出,从而减少药物的积累,从而降低抗肿瘤活性。近年来,已经提供了大量数据,表明需要标准化Pgp和mdr1的检测方法。逆转录 (RT)-PCR是用于检测mdr1的最敏感和最特异的技术之一。然而,有必要解决rt-pcr定量的工作标准。在这项研究中,我们描述了一种灵活的测定法,用于使用异源 (非同源) 标准来定量MDR1基因表达,以用于竞争性rt-pcr (crt-pcr)。我们的指南是使用rt-pcr定量方法,该方法独立于指数期动力学,灵敏 (检测临床样品中的低水平基因测量) 并且不需要放射性标记。此外,该方法将需要足够灵活,以便用户将定量表达为crt-pcr中使用的细胞数量或cDNA量。使用低严格扩增,构建了MDR1的异源DNA竞争者,并作为内部参考,普遍表达的人组蛋白变体3.3 (H3.3)。这种方法的好处是三重 (i) 靶标和竞争者分子的扩增动力学是相同的; (ii) 低严格PCR是构建异源DNA竞争者的简单方法,不需要特殊的存储条件; (iii) 异源竞争者避免异源双链体分子的形成。我们得出的结论是,crt-pcr是一种非常灵活且灵敏的检测方法,可以基于异源竞争者的竞争性扩增来定量MDR1。这可能会补充未来使用rt-pcr标准化MDR1检测方法的努力。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录