Cryptic female choice is often mediated chemically in external fertilizers by ovarian fluid (OF), which can change sperm swimming performance and bias paternity under sperm competition. Assessing cryptic female choice is hindered by the necessity of using fresh gametes and the short time window available to obtain diverse samples from wild animals. Using split-ejaculate experimental designs and samples from lake trout, brown trout and Atlantic salmon, we evaluated whether freezing OF alters the way in which it modifies sperm swimming. Sperm had improved swimming performance in the presence of OF over plain water, and the effect did not depend on whether the OF had previously been frozen. Freezing OF does not seem to alter the way it influences sperm. This allows the researcher to create a 'spice rack' of OF samples that can be used in studies on cryptic female choice, and opens up the possibility to compare animals mating under large spatial and temporal variability.

译文

隐秘的女性选择通常是由卵巢液 (OF) 在外部肥料中化学介导的,这可以改变精子游泳的性能和精子竞争下的偏见亲子关系。使用新鲜配子的必要性以及从野生动物中获取各种样本的短时间窗口阻碍了评估隐秘的雌性选择。使用分裂射精的实验设计以及湖鳟鱼,褐鳟鱼和大西洋鲑鱼的样本,我们评估了冷冻是否会改变其改变精子游泳的方式。在存在普通水的情况下,精子可以改善游泳性能,其效果并不取决于先前是否已冷冻过精子。冷冻似乎并没有改变它影响精子的方式。这使研究人员可以创建样本的 “香料架”,这些样本可用于研究隐秘的女性选择,并为比较在大的空间和时间可变性下交配的动物提供了可能性。

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