• 【对2015年肯尼亚两个主要太平间的死亡原因和艾滋病毒状况记录在案的死者中死亡原因陈述的完整性,正确性和顺序的审查。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101993 复制DOI
    作者列表:Rogena EA,Waruru A,Young PW,Abade P,Nyagah LM,Walong EO
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:The cause of death (COD) statement is a vital statistic that refers to the disease(s) and process(es) that lead to death. Obtaining accurate COD is valuable for mortality prevention priorities. The statements are formulated using International Classification of Diseases and related health problems, version 10 (ICD-10) system. However, physicians may be unfamiliar with these standards or fail to use them and instead refer to mechanisms or manner of death when stating COD. We present results of an of assessment of quality of COD statements in decedent cases reviewed during a one-month mortuary-based surveillance at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) and the City mortuaries in Nairobi, Kenya in 2015. METHODS:Quality elements reviewed were completeness, correctness and order of stating the immediate (ICOD), antecedent, underlying (UCOD), and other significant causes (OSCs) as per the ICD 10 standards, in all deaths reported among adolescents and adults aged 15 years or older at the two mortuaries. COD were assessed for correct sequencing from immediate, antecedent, to underlying compared with autopsy pathology and clinical findings where available. Errors in COD statements were classified as missing or containing incomplete information such as: lack of underlying cause of an injury; incorrect words or statements; presence of more than one competing COD; use of the mechanism of death or anatomic and physiologic processes or signs and symptoms, and or laboratory results as CODs. Pearson's χ-squared test was used to compare proportions. RESULTS:Out of 810, 610 (75.3%) deaths having HIV statuses were abstracted and 356 had at least one COD documented; 114 (32%) females and 242 (68%) males; 239 (67.1%) from KNH and 117 (32.9%) City mortuary. The cases from City mortuary had higher rates of correct statements on 116 (99.1%) ICOD, 90 (89.1%) UCOD, and 40 (81.6%) OSCs, compared to KNH Mortuary; 50 (20.9%), 200 (90.1%) and 62 (76.5%) respectively, p < 0.001. The most common type of errors was incomplete information and citing mechanisms of death as the COD. CONCLUSIONS:In addition to revising national forms to conform to ICD-10, there is a need for periodic training of individuals responsible for completing death certificates. This will improve correctness and completeness of COD in order to provide reliable mortality data in Kenya.
    背景与目标:
  • 【开发由两部分组成的转录探针,以确定细菌发育过程中基因表达的时空区室化的完整性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1073/pnas.221454798 复制DOI
    作者列表:Li Z,Piggot PJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We have developed a two-part test, using the Bacillus subtilis sacB/SacY transcription antitermination system, to evaluate the completeness of temporal and spatial compartmentalization of gene expression during bacterial cell development. Transcription of sacY(1-55) (encoding a constitutively active form of the antiterminator, SacY) is directed by one promoter, whereas transcription of sacB'-'lacZ (the target of SacY action) is directed by the same or another promoter. To obtain beta-galactosidase activity, SacY(1-55) needs to be present when sacB'-'lacZ is being transcribed. We tested the system by analyzing the spatial compartmentalization of the activities of RNA polymerase final sigma factors, which are tightly regulated during sporulation of B. subtilis: final sigma(F) and then final sigma(G) in the prespore, final sigma(E) and then final sigma(K) in the mother cell. We have confirmed that the activities of final sigma(F) and final sigma(E) are spatially compartmentalized. We have demonstrated that there is also sharp temporal compartmentalization, with little or no overlap in the activities of final sigma(F) and final sigma(G) or of final sigma(E) and final sigma(K). In contrast, we found no compartmentalization of the activity of the main vegetative factor, final sigma(A), which continued to be active alongside all of the sporulation-specific final sigma factors. We also found no temporal compartmentalization of expression of loci that are activated during the development of competent cells of B. subtilis, a developmental program distinct from spore formation. A possible mechanism to explain the temporal compartmentalization of final sigma(F) and final sigma(G) activities is that the anti-sigma factor SpoIIAB transfers from final sigma(G) to final sigma(F).
    背景与目标: : 我们使用枯草芽孢杆菌sacB/SacY转录抗终止系统开发了一个由两部分组成的测试,以评估细菌细胞发育过程中基因表达的时空区室化的完整性。sacY(1-55) 的转录 (编码抗终止子SacY的组成型活性形式) 由一个启动子指导,而sacB'-'lacZ (SacY作用的靶标) 的转录由相同或其他启动子指导。为了获得 β-半乳糖苷酶活性,在转录sacB'-'lacZ时需要存在SacY(1-55)。我们通过分析RNA聚合酶最终sigma因子活性的空间区室化来测试该系统,该因子在枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子形成过程中受到严格调节: 最终sigma(F),然后是最终sigma(G),母细胞中的最终sigma(E),然后是最终sigma(K)。我们已经确认,最终sigma(F) 和最终sigma(E) 的活动在空间上是分隔的。我们已经证明,时间划分也很明显,最终sigma(F) 和最终sigma(G) 或最终sigma(E) 和最终sigma(K) 的活动很少或没有重叠。相比之下,我们没有发现主要营养因子最终sigma(A) 的活性分区,该因子与所有特定于孢子形成的最终sigma因子一起继续活跃。我们还没有发现在枯草芽孢杆菌的感受态细胞发育过程中被激活的基因座表达的时间分区,这是一种与孢子形成不同的发育程序。解释最终sigma(F) 和最终sigma(G) 活动的时间分隔的一种可能机制是,反sigma因子SpoIIAB从最终sigma(G) 转移到最终sigma(F)。
  • 【在ARTS试验中,血运重建的完整性对一年无事件生存率的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01785-5 复制DOI
    作者列表:van den Brand MJ,Rensing BJ,Morel MA,Foley DP,de Valk V,Breeman A,Suryapranata H,Haalebos MM,Wijns W,Wellens F,Balcon R,Magee P,Ribeiro E,Buffolo E,Unger F,Serruys PW
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess the relationship between completeness of revascularization and adverse events at one year in the ARTS (Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study) trial.

    BACKGROUND:There is uncertainty to what extent degree of completeness of revascularization, using up-to-date techniques, influences medium-term outcome.

    METHODS:After consensus between surgeon and cardiologist regarding the potential for equivalence in the completeness of revascularization, 1,205 patients with multivessel disease were randomly assigned to either bypass surgery or stent implantation. All baseline and procedural angiograms and surgical case-record forms were centrally assessed for completeness of revascularization.

    RESULTS:Of 1,205 patients randomized, 1,172 underwent the assigned treatment. Complete data for review were available in 1,143 patients (97.5%). Complete revascularization was achieved in 84.1% of the surgically treated patients and 70.5% of the angioplasty patients (p < 0.001). After one year, the stented angioplasty patients with incomplete revascularization showed a significantly lower event-free survival than stented patients with complete revascularization (i.e., freedom from death, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident and repeat revascularization) (69.4% vs. 76.6%; p < 0.05). This difference was due to a higher incidence of subsequent bypass procedures (10.0% vs. 2.0%; p < 0.05). Conversely, at one year, bypass surgery patients with incomplete revascularization showed only a marginally lower event-free survival rate than those with complete revascularization (87.8% vs. 89.9%).

    CONCLUSIONS:Complete revascularization was more frequently accomplished by bypass surgery than by stent implantation. One year after bypass, there was no significant difference in event-free survival between surgically treated patients with complete revascularization and those with incomplete revascularization, but patients randomized to stenting with incomplete revascularization had a greater need for subsequent bypass surgery.

    背景与目标: 目标 : 我们试图在ARTS (动脉血运重建疗法研究) 试验中评估一年血运重建的完整性与不良事件之间的关系。
    背景 : 尚不确定使用最新技术的血运重建的完整性程度会影响中期结果。
    方法 : 在外科医生和心脏病专家就血运重建完整性的等效潜力达成共识后,1,205例多支血管疾病患者被随机分配到搭桥手术或支架植入。对所有基线和程序血管造影和手术病例记录表进行集中评估,以了解血运重建的完整性。
    结果 : 在1,205例随机分配的患者中,1,172例接受了指定的治疗。1,143例患者 (97.5%) 可获得完整的审查数据。在84.1% 接受手术治疗的患者和70.5% 血管成形术的患者中实现了完全的血运重建 (p <0.001)。一年后,不完全血运重建的支架成形术患者的无事件生存率明显低于完全血运重建的支架患者 (即,免于死亡,心肌梗死,脑血管意外和重复血运重建) (69.4% vs. 76.6%; p <0.05)。这种差异是由于后续旁路手术的发生率较高 (10.0% vs. 2.0%; p <0.05)。相反,在一年的时间里,不完全血运重建的搭桥手术患者的无事件生存率仅比完全血运重建的患者低一些 (87.8% 对89.9%)。
    结论 : 通过搭桥手术比通过支架植入更频繁地完成完全血运重建。搭桥后一年,手术治疗的完全血运重建患者和不完全血运重建患者之间的无事件生存率没有显着差异,但是随机分配到不完全血运重建的支架置入术的患者对随后的搭桥手术有更大的需求。
  • 【PubMed中的简单搜索技术可能适用于评估系统评论的完整性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.11.011 复制DOI
    作者列表:Waffenschmidt S,Janzen T,Hausner E,Kaiser T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) assesses the added benefit of new drugs by means of company dossiers. The pharmaceutical company performs the information retrieval, which is then assessed by IQWiG. Our aim was to determine whether PubMed's Related Citations (RelCits) and/or a simple-structured Boolean search (SSBS) are efficient and reliable search techniques to assess the completeness of an evidence base consisting of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective analysis of citations included as relevant in systematic reviews (SRs) of drugs. The proportion of relevant citations identified by the above-mentioned search techniques was determined. Relative sensitivity, precision, and the number needed to read (NNR) were then calculated. RESULTS:A total of 19 SRs included 330 relevant PubMed citations. The single techniques yielded either insufficient completeness, reliability, or efficiency. The first 20 RelCits plus SSBS achieved high completeness and reliability (sensitivity: 98.1%, range: 80-100%) and sufficient efficiency (precision: 5.0%, NNR: 25). The first 50 RelCit plus SSBS achieved slightly better completeness and reliability, but slightly worse efficiency. CONCLUSION:Combining the first 20 RelCits and an SSBS in PubMed is a suitable method to assess the completeness of an evidence base of published RCTs.
    背景与目标:
  • 【尿酸输出作为迷走神经切断术完整性的检验。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800770419 复制DOI
    作者列表:Johnson CD,Rai AS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Peak acid output in response to sham feeding and changes in urine acid output 2 and 3 hours after a test meal have been measured in 20 normal volunteers, 17 asymptomatic patients after vagotomy, six patients with recurrent duodenal ulcer after vagotomy and ten normal subjects given a 48-h course of ranitidine, 150 mg 12-hourly. Gastric peak acid output in normal volunteers ranged from 6.9 to 22.1 mmol/h. All asymptomatic patients after vagotomy had a peak acid output less than 7 mmol/h, consistent with complete vagotomy. Five patients with recurrent ulcer had a peak acid output greater than 8 mmol/h, suggesting an incomplete vagotomy. Urine acid output after a test meal, expressed as the change from the basal rate of acid output, was always in a negative direction in normal subjects (fall in acid output = postprandial alkaline tide). This change was abolished in patients with complete vagotomy, in whom urine acid output increased after a meal. In five patients with incomplete vagotomy (and one other with recurrent ulcer and unknown vagal status) the urine acid output changed in a negative direction after a test meal. The relationship of urine acid output to gastric secretion was confirmed by the abolition of the postprandial alkaline tide in normal subjects given ranitidine. The results in patients with incomplete vagotomy did not overlap with those from patients with complete vagotomy. This suggests that this test could be used for the routine postoperative assessment of completeness of vagotomy.
    背景与目标: : 在20名正常志愿者,17名迷走神经切断术后无症状患者,6名迷走神经切断术后十二指肠溃疡复发患者和10名正常受试者中,测量了假喂养反应的峰值酸输出量以及测试餐后2和3小时的尿酸输出量变化。接受雷尼替丁48小时疗程,150 mg每小时12次。正常志愿者的胃峰值酸输出范围为6.9至22.1 mmol/h。迷走神经切断术后所有无症状患者的峰值酸输出量均小于7 mmol/h,与完全迷走神经切断术一致。五名复发性溃疡患者的峰值酸输出量大于8 mmol/h,表明迷走神经切断术不完全。在正常受试者中,测试餐后的尿酸输出量 (表示为基础酸输出量的变化) 始终呈负方向 (酸输出量下降 = 餐后碱性潮)。完全迷走神经切断术的患者消除了这种变化,饭后尿酸输出量增加。在五名不完全迷走神经切断术的患者中 (另一名患有复发性溃疡和迷走神经状态未知),测试餐后尿酸输出呈负方向变化。通过取消服用雷尼替丁的正常受试者的餐后碱性潮,证实了尿酸输出量与胃分泌的关系。不完全迷走神经切断术患者的结果与完全迷走神经切断术患者的结果不重叠。这表明该测试可用于迷走神经切断术完整性的常规术后评估。
  • 【采样构象超空间: 提高完整性的技术。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/BF00124320 复制DOI
    作者列表:Dammkoehler RA,Karasek SF,Shands EF,Marshall GR
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: Three new strategies for sampling the conformation space accessible to a series of structurally diverse, flexible molecules are defined and compared to samples obtained using a fixed-grid torsion angle sampling strategy. A set of 28 potent inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme selected by Mayer et al. [J. Comput.-Aided Mol. Design, 1 (1987) 3] and the unrestricted active-site model proposed by Waller et al. [to be published] are used to produce a realistic experimental setting. We modified our Constrained Search algorithm [Dammkoehler et al., J. Comput.-Aided Mol. Design, 3 (1989) 3] to support these new sampling strategies, performing a series of 64 simulations (search experiments) and generating a large set of sterically allowed conformations. In each experiment, we systematically vary the internal torsion angles in each molecule using one of the sampling strategies. The common orientations of preselected functional groups thought to represent those dominating the interaction with the enzyme and presented by the set of molecules are classified and recorded for each experiment. Pairwise distances between groups are used to characterize the geometry of the common orientations. The results of each experiment, represented by a set of distance values, are compared and combined to evaluate the completeness of the conformational sampling. While no pure strategy or single search experiment was found to be adequate to fully explore the set of common sterically allowed conformations, a new sampling technique, called adaptive radial sampling, is shown to be significantly more complete than the commonly used fixed grid sampling.

    背景与目标: 定义了三种新的策略来采样一系列结构多样的柔性分子可访问的构象空间,并将其与使用固定网格扭转角采样策略获得的样品进行比较。Mayer等人 [J. Comput-辅助Mol. Design,1 (1987) 3] 选择的一组28种有效的血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂和Waller等人 [将要发表] 提出的不受限制的活性位点模型用于产生现实的实验环境。我们修改了约束搜索算法 [Dammkoehler等人,J. Comput.-辅助Mol. Design,3 (1989) 3] 以支持这些新的采样策略,执行一系列64个模拟 (搜索实验) 并生成大量空间允许的构象。在每个实验中,我们使用一种采样策略系统地改变每个分子的内部扭转角。对于每个实验,对预选官能团的共同方向进行了分类和记录,这些官能团被认为代表了与酶相互作用的那些,并由一组分子呈现。组之间的成对距离用于表征公共方向的几何形状。将每个实验的结果 (由一组距离值表示) 进行比较和组合,以评估构象采样的完整性。虽然没有发现纯策略或单一搜索实验足以充分探索常见的空间允许构象集,但一种称为自适应径向采样的新采样技术比常用的固定网格采样要完整得多。
  • 【用于术中确定迷走神经切断术完整性的Grassi测试的改进方法。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Donovan WE,Myers B
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The Grassi test for completeness of vagotomy is a useful adjunct to vagotomy that aids the surgeon in severing all the vagal innervation of the acid-producing portion of the stomach. The Congo Red stick allows the surgeon to perform the Grassi test with a significant reduction in the amount of equipment and personnel required by either pH electrode or liquid Congo Red methods.
    背景与目标: : 迷走神经切断术完整性的Grassi测试是迷走神经切断术的有用辅助手段,可帮助外科医生切断胃酸产生部分的所有迷走神经。刚果红棒允许外科医生进行Grassi测试,大大减少了pH电极或液态刚果红方法所需的设备和人员数量。
  • 【最后一次经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术的完整性对根治性膀胱切除术结果的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00345-019-02734-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Zamboni S,Moschini M,Gallina A,Colombo R,Montorsi F,Briganti A,Salonia A,Antonelli A,Simeone C,Belotti S,Cristinelli L,Mattei A,Baumeister P
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:To evaluate the role of a complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors (c-TURBT) on oncological outcomes after radical cystectomy (RC) and its relationship with adverse pathological features. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed data of 727 patients treated with RC and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection at three tertiary referral centers. Possible c-TURBT was reported by the treating surgeon. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship of c-TURBT and survival outcomes after surgery in 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort adjusted for age and gender. Moreover, multivariable logistic regression (MVA) was built to predict the relationship between c-TURBT and pT3-T4 stages at RC, lymph node invasion (LNI) and positive soft tissue surgical margin (STSM). RESULTS:A total of 433 (60%) patients received a c-TURBT. 3.0% of patients with a c-TURBT achieved a pT0-pTa-pTis status vs. 2.0% of patients with incomplete TURBT. At multivariable Cox regression analyses, c-TURBT was not associated with survival outcomes. At MVA, incompleteness of TURBT was significantly associated with a pT3-T4 stage [odds ratio (OR) 8.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.33-27.67, p = 0.001]. No significant association was found between c-TURBT, LNI and STSM. CONCLUSION:We found a low rate of achievement of pT0 stage at RC. An incomplete TURBT before RC represented a predictor of pT3-T4 stages, but no effect of a c-TURBT was shown on survival outcomes. Given the current inadequacy of clinical staging strategies with more than 50% of extravesical disease being under-staged, our results could improve patients selection for NAC, driving the decision-making in doubtful cases.
    背景与目标:
  • 【在美国亚利桑那州爆发的脑膜炎和脑炎患者中,西尼罗河病毒检测的完整性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S0950268811002494 复制DOI
    作者列表:Weber IB,Lindsey NP,Bunko-Patterson AM,Briggs G,Wadleigh TJ,Sylvester TL,Levy C,Komatsu KK,Lehman JA,Fischer M,Staples JE
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Accurate data on West Nile virus (WNV) cases help guide public health education and control activities, and impact regional WNV blood product screening procedures. During an outbreak of WNV disease in Arizona, records from patients with meningitis or encephalitis were reviewed to determine the proportion tested for WNV. Of 60 patients identified with meningitis or encephalitis, 24 (40%) were tested for WNV. Only 12 (28%) of 43 patients aged <50 years were tested for WNV compared to 12 (71%) of 17 patients aged ≥50 years (P<0·01). Patients with clinical signs of weakness or paralysis, elevated CSF protein, admitted to an inpatient facility, or discharged to a rehabilitation facility were also more likely to have WNV testing performed. The lack of testing in younger age groups and in those with less severe disease probably resulted in substantial underestimates of WNV neuroinvasive disease burden.
    背景与目标: : 关于西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 病例的准确数据有助于指导公共卫生教育和控制活动,并影响区域WNV血液制品筛查程序。在亚利桑那州爆发WNV疾病期间,对脑膜炎或脑炎患者的记录进行了审查,以确定对WNV进行测试的比例。在确定患有脑膜炎或脑炎的60例患者中,对24例 (40% 例) 进行了WNV测试。43名年龄 <50岁的患者中只有12名 (28% 名) 接受了WNV测试,而17名年龄 ≥ 50岁的患者中只有12名 (71% 名) 接受了WNV测试 (P <0.01)。患有虚弱或瘫痪的临床症状,CSF蛋白升高,住院治疗或出院至康复治疗的患者也更有可能进行WNV测试。在较年轻的年龄段和疾病较轻的人群中缺乏测试可能导致严重低估了WNV神经浸润疾病的负担。
  • 【“呼吁使用轴向术语”: 走向NANDA-I护理诊断标签的完整性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/2047-3095.12228 复制DOI
    作者列表:Miguel S,Romeiro J,Martins H,Casaleiro T,Caldeira S,Herdman TH
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: PURPOSE:This article explores the current structure of NANDA-I nursing diagnoses (ND) labels. METHODS:Critical analysis of the ND labels, as categorized in the NANDA-I terminology. FINDINGS:Most of the 244 ND labels are composed of terms from the focus and judgment axes. CONCLUSIONS:The specificity of the human responses toward health and life transitions may not be totally represented in the two most common axes, as categorized within taxonomy II. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:Improvements in NANDA-I diagnosis labels would contribute to an advanced terminology and to increased specificity and accuracy of the diagnostic process that is needed in clinical practice. Completeness of the ND labels would reflect clinical reasoning preciseness and help students and nurses in delivering more personalized, safe, and effective patient-centered care. OBJETIVO:Este artigo explora os títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-I. MÉTODOS: Análise crítica dos títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-I. RESULTADOS:A maioria dos 244 diagnósticos de enfermagem classificados são compostos essencialmente por termos referentes ao foco e ao julgamento. CONCLUSÕES: A especificidade das respostas às transições de saúde e vida pode não estar totalmente representada nos dois eixos mais comuns, como apresentado na taxonomia II. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA: Melhorias nos diagnósticos da NANDA-I em relação ao seu aspeto multiaxial contribuiriam no desenvolvimento da sua terminologia e poderiam melhorar a especificidade e acurácia do processo diagnóstico que é necessário à prática clínica. Complementar os títulos dos diagnósticos de enfermagem poderia refletir a acurácia do raciocínio clínico e ajudar os estudantes e enfermeiros em prestarem cuidados centrados no paciente mais personalizados, seguros e eficazes.
    背景与目标:
  • 【英国儿童癌症登记: 确定完整性的捕获-再捕获估计。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/bjc.2011.70 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kroll ME,Murphy MF,Carpenter LM,Stiller CA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Completeness of ascertainment is a very important aspect of cancer registration. There is no recent published estimate for childhood cancer in Britain. METHODS:We estimated completeness of ascertainment by the National Registry of Childhood Tumours for cancer diagnosed under age 15 years in residents of Britain during 2003-04. Stratified two-source capture-recapture was applied to notifications from general cancer registries (CRs) and specialist clinicians. Variation in notification patterns was assessed by logistic regression. Results were verified by cross-checking with Hospital Episode Statistics for leukaemia patients from England born in 1998 and diagnosed before 2005. RESULTS:CRs notified 92-96% of registrations, and specialist clinicians 93%. Notification patterns varied slightly according to registry region, age at diagnosis, diagnostic group, socioeconomic status, and whether the patient had died. Irrespective of stratification by these factors, the overall completeness estimate was 99-100% (assuming independence of sources). Estimated completeness was at least 99% within all subgroups, except for one region (Thames 98-99%) and two small diagnostic groups (germ-cell and gonadal cancer 98-99%, melanoma and non-skin cancer 97-98%). INTERPRETATION:The independence assumption cannot be fully justified, as both sources used records from treatment centres. With this caveat, ascertainment of recently diagnosed childhood cancer in Britain appears to be virtually complete.
    背景与目标:
  • 【巴西国家以下一级的死亡登记、成人死亡率和出生时预期寿命的完整性比较分析。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12963-020-00213-4 复制DOI
    作者列表:Queiroz BL,Gonzaga MR,Vasconcelos AMN,Lopes BT,Abreu DMX
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Estimates of completeness of death registration are crucial to produce estimates of life tables and population projections and to estimate the burden of disease. They are an important step in assessing the quality of data. In the case of subnational data analysis in Brazil, it is important to consider spatial and temporal variation in the quality of mortality data. There are two main sources of data quality evaluation in Brazil, but there are few comparative studies and how they evolve over time. The aim of the paper is to compare and discuss alternative estimates of completeness of death registration, adult mortality (45q15) and life expectancy estimates produced by the National Statistics Office (IBGE), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), and estimates presented in Queiroz et al. (2017) and Schmertmann and Gonzaga (2018), for 1980 and 2010. METHODS:We provide a descriptive and comparative analysis of aforementioned estimates from four (4) sources of estimates at subnational level (26 states and one Federal District) in Brazil from two different points in time. RESULTS:We found significant differences in estimates that affect both levels and trends of completeness of adult mortality in Brazil and states. IHME and Queiroz et al. (2017) estimates converge by 2010, but there are large differences when compared to estimates from the National Statistics Office (IBGE). Larger differences are observed for less developed states. We have showed that the quality of mortality data in Brazil has improved steadily overtime, but with large regional variations. However, we have observed that IBGE estimates show the lowest levels of completeness for the Northern of the country compared to other estimates. Choice of methods and approaches might lead to very unexpected results. CONCLUSION:We produced a detailed comparative analysis of estimates of completeness of death registration from different sources and discuss the main results and possible explanations for these differences. We have also showed that new improved methods are still needed to study adult mortality in less developed countries and at a subnational level. More comparative studies are important in order to improve quality of estimates in Brazil.
    背景与目标:
  • 【预测临床结果和心肌梗死面积的最佳ST段恢复参数是什么?ST段抬高型心肌梗死的直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后ST段恢复的幅度,速度和完整性】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2017.04.009 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kuijt WJ,Green CL,Verouden NJW,Haeck JDE,Tzivoni D,Koch KT,Stone GW,Lansky AJ,Broderick S,Tijssen JGP,de Winter RJ,Roe MT,Krucoff MW
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: AIMS:ST-segment recovery (STR) is a strong mechanistic correlate of infarct size (IS) and outcome in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Characterizing measures of speed, amplitude, and completeness of STR may extend the use of this noninvasive biomarker. METHODS AND RESULTS:Core laboratory continuous 24-h 12-lead Holter ECG monitoring, IS by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and 30-day mortality of 2 clinical trials of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in STEMI were combined. Multiple ST measures (STR at last contrast injection (LC) measured from peak value; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 240min, residual deviation; time to steady ST recovery; and the 3-h area under the time trend curve [ST-AUC] from LC) were univariably correlated with IS and predictive of mortality. After multivariable adjustment for ST-parameters and GRACE risk factors, STR at 240min remained an additive predictor of mortality. Early STR, residual deviation, and ST-AUC remained associated with IS. CONCLUSIONS:Multiple parameters that quantify the speed, amplitude, and completeness of STR predict mortality and correlate with IS.
    背景与目标:
  • 【早产儿和低出生体重儿的疫苗接种及时性和完整性: 一项全国队列研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/21645515.2020.1840255 复制DOI
    作者列表:Bary-Weisberg D,Stein-Zamir C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Vaccinating premature and low birthweight (LBW) infants according to chronological age has been found safe and effective. Although these infants are susceptible to infections, vaccinations are often delayed. We estimated vaccination coverage (VC) in preterm and LBW infants compared to term infants in a cohort study (2016 Israel birth cohort, n = 181,543) using the National Immunization Registry. Vaccinations included Hepatitis B, Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis-IPV-Haemophilus influenzae B, Oral Polio Bivalent, Rotavirus, Pneumococcal Conjugate, Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella and Hepatitis A. Inclusion criteria: (1) born in Israel; (2) having a unique identifier (allowing data matching); and (3) surviving to 24 months. VC at 24 months and timeliness of vaccine doses were evaluated according to infants' birthweight (BW) and gestational age (GA). Preterm infants (GA < 37 weeks) comprised 7.0% (n = 12,264); LBW infants (BW< 2500 g) were 7.7% (n = 13,950); BW was 1500-2499 g in 6.8%, 1000-1499 g in 0.6% and below 1000 g in 0.3%. Compared to normal birthweight (NBW) infants (BW≥2500 g), LBW infants showed delayed initiation of vaccinations. Odds ratio (OR) for delay: DTaP-IPV-Hib 1 OR = 1.26 [95%CI 1.19-1.33]; Rota 1, OR = 1.22 [95%CI 1.16-1.29]. Vaccination delay rates were higher among smaller new-borns (below 1000 g). At 24 months there was no significant difference regarding vaccination status. This national cohort VC analysis focused on preterm/LBW infants. Vaccinating preterm and LBW infants according to the recommended schedule induces protection against life-threatening infectious diseases. Vaccination initiation among LBW infants showed considerable delay. Health practitioners and parents should cooperate to improve timely vaccination initiation.
    背景与目标: : 已发现根据年龄对早产和低出生体重 (LBW) 婴儿进行疫苗接种是安全有效的。尽管这些婴儿容易感染,但疫苗接种往往会延迟。在一项队列研究 (2016以色列出生队列,n = 181,543) 中,我们使用国家预防接种登记处估算了早产和LBW婴儿与足月婴儿的疫苗接种覆盖率 (VC)。疫苗接种包括乙型肝炎,白喉-破伤风-无细胞百日咳-IPV-流感嗜血杆菌B,口服脊髓灰质炎二价,轮状病毒,肺炎球菌结合物,麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹-水痘和甲型肝炎。纳入标准 :( 1) 出生于以色列; (2) 具有唯一标识符 (允许数据匹配); (3) 存活到24个月。根据婴儿的出生体重 (BW) 和胎龄 (GA) 评估24个月时的VC和疫苗剂量的及时性。早产儿 (GA <37周) 包括7.0% (n = 12,264); 低出生体重儿 (BW< 2500g) 为7.7% (n = 13,950); 6.8% 体重1500-2499g,0.6% 1000-1499g,0.3% 低于1000g。与正常出生体重 (NBW) 婴儿 (bw ≥ 2500g) 相比,LBW婴儿显示延迟开始接种疫苗。延迟的优势比 (OR): DTaP-ipv-hib 1 OR = 1.26 [95% CI 1.19-1.33]; Rota 1,OR = 1.22 [95% CI 1.16-1.29]。较小的新生婴儿 (低于1000g) 的疫苗接种延迟率较高。在24个月时,疫苗接种状况没有显着差异。这项国家队列VC分析的重点是早产/LBW婴儿。根据推荐的时间表为早产儿和LBW婴儿接种疫苗可预防威胁生命的传染病。LBW婴儿的疫苗接种开始显示出相当大的延迟。卫生从业人员和父母应合作,以改善及时的疫苗接种。
  • 【更正: 厄瓜多尔死亡率登记评估 (2001-2013) -完整性和质量方面的社会和地理不平等。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12963-019-0185-9 复制DOI
    作者列表:Peralta A,Benach J,Borrell C,Espinel-Flores V,Cash-Gibson L,Queiroz BL,Marí-Dell'Olmo M
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Following the publication of this article [1], the authors reported a typesetting error in Table 1 that caused the columns of the table to be ordered incorrectly, and a typographical error in a sentence in the Conclusions section.
    背景与目标: : 在本文发表 [1] 之后,作者报告了表1中的排版错误,导致表的列顺序错误,并且在结论部分的句子中出现了印刷错误。

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