Sapoviruses (SaVs) belong to the Sapovirus genus, in the family Caliciviridae. They have been associated with gastroenteritis in humans and in pigs but not in other animals. In addition, some strains from pigs, chimpanzees and rodents show close sequence identity with human SaVs thereby suggesting the possibility of interspecies transmissions. Bats are known to be a major reservoir of zoonotic viruses, however, very little is known about the genetic diversity of SaVs in bats. To explore the genetic diversity of bat SaVs, fecal samples of Eidolon helvum and Epomophorus gambianus were treated according to the NetoVIR protocol and sequenced by Illumina technology. Nearly complete genome sequences of six highly divergent SaVs and one partial SaV (only VP1 region) were identified in Eidolon helvum and based on sequence identities and phylogenetic analysis, they potentially represent two novel genogroups, only distantly related to known SaVs. Furthermore, comparing these sequences with currently used screening primers and probes indicated that the novel SaVs would not be detected in routine epidemiological screening studies in humans in case an interspecies transmission would occur. Therefore, we designed and validated new primers that can detect both human and bat SaVs. In this study, we identified multiple novel bat SaVs, however, further epidemiological studies in humans are needed to unravel their potential role in gastroenteritis.

译文

:Sapoviruses(SaVs)属于杯状病毒科Sapovirus属。它们与人类和猪的胃肠炎有关,但与其他动物无关。另外,来自猪,黑猩猩和啮齿动物的一些菌株显示与人SaV紧密的序列同一性,从而暗示了种间传播的可能性。蝙蝠是人畜共患病毒的主要储藏库,但是,关于蝙蝠中SaVs的遗传多样性知之甚少。为了探索蝙蝠SaV的遗传多样性,根据NetoVIR协议处理了Eidolon helvum和Epomophorus gambianus的粪便样品,并通过Illumina技术进行了测序。在Eidolon helvum中鉴定了6个高度趋异的SaV和一个部分SaV(仅VP1区域)的近乎完整的基因组序列,并且基于序列同一性和系统发育分析,它们潜在地代表了两个新的基因组,仅与已知的SaV远缘相关。此外,将这些序列与目前使用的筛选引物和探针进行比较表明,如果发生种间传播,则不会在人类的常规流行病学筛选研究中检测到新型SaV。因此,我们设计并验证了可以同时检测人和蝙蝠SaV的新引物。在这项研究中,我们鉴定了多种新型蝙蝠SaV,但是,需要进一步的人类流行病学研究来揭示其在胃肠炎中的潜在作用。

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