BACKGROUND & AIMS: INTRODUCTION:STDs are a significant cause of illness throughout the world. Female sex workers (FSWs) are commonly perceived as belonging to a social group which may engage in high-risk behaviour for acquiring or transmitting HIV and other STDs. The number of immigrant women engaged in sex work has increased in Catania, Sicily, over the last 10 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among Colombian and Dominican FSWs. METHODS:In total 118 (63.78%) of the FSWs contacted in the course of the project agreed to participate in the study. All women enrolled were counselled on STDs/HIV, safer sex practices and the use of condoms. Blood samples were taken and tested for HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis. RESULTS:Of the 118 FSWs enrolled, all were negative for both HIV and HCV infection. Two women (1.6%) were positive for hepatitis B (HbsAg). Syphilis testing by VDRL showed three positive results (2.5%), which was confirmed by TPHA. DISCUSSION:This study showed that HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis seroprevalence among Colombian and Dominican FSWs remains low or very rare. It also indicates that these women were healthy when they arrived in Italy and that condom use with clients is high.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:To describe the prevalence of oral diseases and their impact on oral-health-related quality of life in people with severe mental illness undertaking community-based psychiatric care. METHODS:A survey was conducted at eight outpatient psychiatric care clinics in Tower Hamlets, London, UK. One hundred and twelve consecutive patients with mental illness were invited to participate in this study. They were clinically examined and asked to complete the oral health impact profile (OHIP) questionnaire. RESULTS:The response rate was 79% (n = 89); 57 (64%) males and 58 persons over 45 years of age (65%) participated in this survey. Overall OHIP score was 25.4 (95% CI 23.3, 27.4), 70 (78%) were smokers and 45 (51%) had been to the dentist in the last two years. Forty-seven (53%) respondents had caries in at least one tooth, 60 (67%) had 21 teeth and more, and 14 (16%) used dentures. Advanced periodontal treatment was indicated in 42 (55%) of patients and 52.8% (n = 47) patients reported current pain. CONCLUSION:Overall, this survey found that oral health has a great impact on patients with severe mental illness being treated in the community setting and their oral health is poorer than the national adult general population. Future research should consider the causes that relate to the poorer oral health in this population and potential health promotion mechanisms in this population to encourage an upstream approach to health.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :From 1982 to 1987, 2,433 lesions of the thyroid gland in 1,796 patients were examined by fine needle aspiration (FNA). Cytopathology classified 66.91% of the aspirates as benign, 10.76% as thyroiditis, 4.89% as suspected (unspecified) neoplasia, 1.31% as positive for malignancy and 16.11% (392) as unsatisfactory. The histologic diagnoses in 257 cases were compared with cytologic diagnoses to determine the accuracy of FNA cytology of thyroid lesions, yielding a sensitivity of 71.43%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 95.09%. This data strongly supports thyroid FNA as an important preoperative diagnostic tool. Follicular carcinomas were difficult to cytologically differentiate from nonmalignant follicular neoplasms, and papillary thyroid carcinomas less than 2 cm in diameter in elderly patients were frequently misdiagnosed or diagnosed only as "suspect lesion."

背景与目标： : 从1982个1987年中，通过细针穿刺 (FNA) 检查了1,796例患者的2,433个甲状腺病变。细胞病理学将66.91% 抽吸物分类为良性，10.76% 为甲状腺炎，4.89% 为疑似 (未指定) 肿瘤，1.31% 为恶性肿瘤阳性，16.11% (392) 为不满意。将257例的组织学诊断与细胞学诊断进行比较，以确定甲状腺病变的FNA细胞学检查的准确性，从而产生71.43% 的敏感性，100% 的特异性和95.09% 的准确性。该数据强烈支持甲状腺FNA作为重要的术前诊断工具。滤泡癌在细胞学上很难与非恶性滤泡肿瘤区分开来，而老年患者直径小于2厘米的甲状腺乳头状癌经常被误诊或仅被诊断为 “可疑病变”。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Mutations in the senataxin (SETX) gene can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 4 (ALS4), an autosomal dominant form of juvenile onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or result in autosomal recessive ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2. Great caution regarding the possible disease causation, especially of missense variations, has to be taken. Here, we evaluated the significance of all previously reported SETX missense mutations as well as six newly identified variations in 54 patients suspected of having ALS4. Yet, epidemiologic and in silico evidence indicates that all newly identified variations and two previously published ALS4-related missense variations (C1554G and I2547T) are most likely non-pathogenic, demonstrating the problems of interpretation of SETX missense alleles in the absence of functional assays.

背景与目标： : senataxin (SETX) 基因的突变可导致肌萎缩性侧索硬化症4 (ALS4)，这是一种常染色体显性遗传形式的少年性肌萎缩性侧索硬化症，或导致常染色体隐性遗传性共济失调并伴有动眼失用2型。对于可能的疾病原因，尤其是错义变异，必须谨慎行事。在这里，我们评估了所有先前报道的SETX错义突变以及54例怀疑患有als4的患者中新发现的六个变异的重要性。然而，流行病学和计算机证据表明，所有新发现的变异和两个先前发表的ALS4-related错义变异 (C1554G和I2547T) 最有可能是非致病性的，证明了在缺乏功能测定的情况下解释SETX错义等位基因的问题。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The anti-inflammatory potential of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors was coincidentally expanded to a dual inhibition of p38α MAPK and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), and the potential benefits arising from the blockage of both inflammation-related enzymes were thoroughly investigated. The most promising compound, CBS-3595 (1), was successively evaluated in in vitro experiments as well as in ex vivo and in vivo preclinical studies after administration of 1 to rodents, dogs, and monkeys. The resulting data clearly indicated a potent suppression of tumor necrosis factor alpha release. For reconfirming the findings of the animal studies when administering 1 to healthy human volunteers, a phase I clinical trial was conducted. Apart from further information regarding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of 1, it was demonstrated that dual inhibition of p38α MAPK and PDE4 is able to synergistically attenuate the excessive anti-inflammatory response.

背景与目标： : p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 抑制剂的抗炎潜力被巧合地扩展为对p38α MAPK和磷酸二酯酶4 (PDE4) 的双重抑制，并且两种炎症相关酶的阻断所产生的潜在益处被彻底研究。在对啮齿动物，狗和猴子施用1之后，在体外实验以及体外和体内临床前研究中相继评估了最有希望的化合物CBS-3595 (1)。所得数据清楚地表明有效抑制了肿瘤坏死因子 α 的释放。为了在向健康的人类志愿者施用1时再次确认动物研究的结果，进行了I期临床试验。除了有关1的药代动力学和药效学特征的进一步信息外，还证明了p38α MAPK和PDE4的双重抑制能够协同减弱过度的抗炎反应。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:We modified and reconstructed a high image quality portable non-mydriatic fundus camera and compared it with the tabletop fundus camera to evaluate the efficacy of the new camera in detecting retinal diseases. METHODS:We designed and built a novel portable handheld fundus camera with telemedicine system. The image quality of fundus cameras was compared to that of existing commercial tabletop cameras by taking photographs of 364 eyes from the 254 patients. In all 800 fundus images taken by two camera types, 400 images per camera, were graded with the four image clarity classifications. RESULTS:Using the portable fundus camera, 63% (252/400) images were graded as excellent overall quality, 20.5% (82/400) were good, 11.75% (47/400) were fair, and 4.75% (19/400) were inadequate. Using the tabletop fundus camera, 70.75% (283/400) images were graded as excellent overall quality, 20.4% (51/400) were good, 13.25% (53/400) were fair, and 3.25% (13/400) were inadequate. Common retinal diseases were easily identified from fundus images obtained from the portable fundus camera. CONCLUSION:The new type of non-mydriatic portable fundus camera was qualified to have professional quality of fundus images. The revolutionary screening camera provides a foundational platform which can potentially improve the accessibility of retinal screening programmes.

背景与目标：

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The prevalence of renal diseases is rising and reaching 5-15% of the adult population. Renal damage is associated with disturbances of body homeostasis and the loss of equilibrium between exogenous and endogenous elements including drugs and metabolites. Studies indicate that renal diseases are influenced not only by environmental but also by genetic factors. In some cases the disease is caused by mutation in a single gene and at that time severity depends on the presence of one or two mutated alleles. In other cases, renal disease is associated with the presence of alteration within a gene or genes, but environmental factors are also necessary for the development of disease. Therefore, it seems that the analysis of genetic aspects should be a natural component of clinical and experimental studies. The goal of personalized medicine is to determine the right drug, for the right patient, at the right time. Whole-genome examinations may help to change the approach to the disease and the patient resulting in the creation of "personalized medicine" with new diagnostic and treatment strategies designed on the basis of genetic background of each individual. The identification of high-risk patients in pharmacogenomics analyses will help to avoid many unwarranted side effects while optimizing treatment efficacy for individual patients. Personalized therapies for kidney diseases are still at the preliminary stage mainly due to high costs of such analyses and the complex nature of human genome. This review will focus on several areas of interest: renal disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, rate of progression and the prediction of prognosis.

背景与目标： : 肾脏疾病的患病率正在上升，并达到成年人口的5-15%。肾脏损害与机体稳态紊乱以及外源性和内源性元素 (包括药物和代谢物) 之间平衡的丧失有关。研究表明，肾脏疾病不仅受环境影响，还受遗传因素影响。在某些情况下，该疾病是由单个基因突变引起的，当时的严重程度取决于一个或两个突变等位基因的存在。在其他情况下，肾脏疾病与一个或多个基因内的改变有关，但环境因素也是疾病发展所必需的。因此，似乎遗传方面的分析应该是临床和实验研究的自然组成部分。个性化医疗的目标是在正确的时间为正确的患者确定正确的药物。全基因组检查可能有助于改变疾病和患者的治疗方法，从而创建具有基于每个个体遗传背景设计的新诊断和治疗策略的 “个性化医学”。在药物基因组学分析中识别高危患者将有助于避免许多不必要的副作用，同时优化单个患者的治疗效果。肾脏疾病的个性化治疗仍处于初步阶段，这主要是由于此类分析的高昂成本和人类基因组的复杂性。这篇综述将集中在几个感兴趣的领域: 肾脏疾病的发病机制，诊断，治疗，进展率和预后预测。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Genetic susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease is well recognized. There is also increasing evidence for the activation of the mucosal immune system and the production of inflammatory cytokines, i.e., interleukin (IL)-1ra and IL-1beta in the inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the IL-1beta and IL-1ra gene polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium coefficient between the different alleles of these genes in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), according to the severity of the disease.

METHODS:Two hundred twenty-eight inflammatory bowel disease patients (87 UC and 141 CD) were included in this study and compared with 113 unrelated controls. The IL-1beta and IL-1ra gene polymorphism was studied after specific amplification of variable regions by PCR. A penta-allelic polymorphism, corresponding to a VNTR region located in intron 2 of the IL-1ra gene, was analyzed, whereas bi-allelic RFLPs displayed by two restriction enzymes (TaqI and AvaI) at position -511 of the IL-1beta gene were analyzed.

RESULTS:There was no significant difference of genotype distribution between controls and CD or UC patients. However, surgically treated UC patients were characterized by a higher frequency of genotype IL-1ra 1-2 (39 vs 16%, pc < 0.01) compared with nonoperated UC patients. Moreover, nonoperated UC patients displayed a lower frequency of IL-1ra allele 2 than surgically treated UC patients (14 vs 34%, pc < 0.002) or controls (14 vs 30%, pc < 0.005). Furthermore, simultaneous analysis of the IL-1beta and IL-1ra genes that are located in the same region of chromosome 2 revealed that CD patients carrying the IL-1beta allele 2 were more often noncarriers of IL-1ra allele 2 (p < 0.005). Moreover, UC and CD patients were, characterized by a lower frequency of the association of IL-1ra allele 2 and IL-1beta allele 2 compared with controls (8.3 vs 20.3% and 10.6 vs 20.3%, p < 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS:IL-1ra and IL-1beta gene polymorphism analysis from a clinical standpoint might help in defining UC prognosis. However, functional studies at both the circulating and mucosal level with stratification on allele associations, especially IL-1ra allele 2-IL-1beta allele 2 subgroups must be realized before therapeutic implications.

背景与目标： 目的 : 炎症性肠病的遗传易感性已广为人知。也有越来越多的证据表明粘膜免疫系统的激活和炎性细胞因子的产生，即炎症性肠病中的白介素 (IL)-1ra和IL-1beta。本研究的目的是分析克罗恩病 (CD) 或溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 患者中这些基因的不同等位基因之间的IL-1beta和IL-1ra基因多态性以及连锁不平衡系数。根据疾病的严重程度。
方法 : 本研究纳入了28例炎症性肠病患者 (87 UC和141 CD)，并与113例无关的对照进行了比较。通过PCR对可变区进行特异性扩增后，研究了IL-1beta和IL-1ra基因多态性。分析了五等位基因多态性，对应于位于IL-1ra基因内含子2中的VNTR区域，而分析了IL-1beta基因511位的两种限制酶 (TaqI和AvaI) 显示的双等位基因rflp。
结果 : 基因型分布在对照组和CD或UC患者之间没有显着差异。然而，与非手术UC患者相比，手术治疗的UC患者的特征是基因型IL-1ra 1-2的频率更高 (39 vs 16%，pc <0.01)。此外，与手术治疗的UC患者 (14 vs 34%，pc <0.002) 或对照 (14 vs 30%，pc <0.005) 相比，非手术UC患者显示出较低的IL-1ra等位基因2频率。此外，对位于2号染色体相同区域的IL-1beta和IL-1ra基因的同时分析表明，携带IL-1beta等位基因2的CD患者更经常是IL-1ra等位基因2的非携带者 (p <0.005)。此外，UC和CD患者的特征是与对照组相比，IL-1ra等位基因2和IL-1beta等位基因2的关联频率较低 (8.3 vs 20.3% 和10.6 vs 20.3%，p <0.03)。
结论 : 从临床角度来看，IL-1ra和IL-1beta基因多态性分析可能有助于确定UC预后。但是，必须在循环和粘膜水平上进行功能研究，并对等位基因关联进行分层，尤其是IL-1ra等位基因2-IL-1beta等位基因2亚组进行分层，然后才能产生治疗意义。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Neuroimmunological diseases often have a chronic course and a high socio-economic impact, as most of them occur in younger patients and result in progressing disability and loss of work force. Although for many conditions different treatment strategies are available no sufficient data exist to give a reasonable account on the cost effectiveness of individual therapies. Treatment decision should primarily be guided by evidence from high quality clinical studies and-if available-from direct head-to-head trials and cost-effectiveness analysis.

背景与目标： : 神经免疫疾病通常具有慢病程和高度的社会经济影响，因为它们大多数发生在年轻患者中，并导致进展中的残疾和劳动力流失。尽管对于许多情况，可以使用不同的治疗策略，但没有足够的数据来合理地说明单个疗法的成本效益。治疗决策应主要以高质量临床研究的证据为指导，如果有的话，应以直接的头对头试验和成本效益分析为指导。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The hemorheological effects of autologous blood storage with or without the use of erythropoietin were examined before surgery for valvular disease. There was no rheological difference between patients with aortic (16 cases) or mitral (10 cases) valve disease. Before storage, the levels of hematocrit, whole blood viscosity, and especially coefficient of rheology, were lower (p < 0.05) in the blood stored with erythropoietin, but this difference disappeared after storage. The plasma viscosity of both groups did not change before and after storage. The viscosity of blood was equalized after the storage of blood, irrespective of the use of erythropoietin.

背景与目标： 在瓣膜疾病手术前检查了使用或不使用促红细胞生成素的自体血液储存的血液流变学作用。主动脉 (16例) 和二尖瓣 (10例) 瓣膜疾病患者之间的流变学差异无统计学意义。储存前，红细胞压积、全血粘度，特别是流变学系数较低 (p <0.05)，但储存后这种差异消失。两组的血浆粘度在储存前后均无变化。无论使用促红细胞生成素，血液储存后血液的粘度都相等。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :An alteration in cell/matrix interactions is one of the suggested mechanisms leading to cyst formation in polycystic kidney diseases. Most of these interactions are mediated by beta 1-integrins, a subfamily of integrin receptors, formed by the association of the beta 1-chain with different alpha-subunits. To date, no study on alpha-integrin subunit distribution during the early stages of cyst development has been reported. Using immunofluorescence, we analyzed the distribution of alpha-integrin subunits (alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, and alpha 6) and basement membrane proteins in kidneys of fetuses with autosomal dominant (ADPKD) or autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). The distribution was compared with that observed in normal fetal and post-natal kidneys, and in fetal cystic dysplasia and Meckel syndrome. Marked increase in alpha 1-integrin staining was observed in normal and cystic collecting duct cells of both polycystic diseases (PKD), compared with normal and cystic controls. The distribution of integrin subunits alpha 2, alpha 3, and alpha 6 was irregular in cyst epithelial cells of PKD and cystic controls. The increased expression of the alpha 1-subunit specifically observed in PKD collecting duct cells may be an early consequence of the genetic defect in ARPKD. In ADPKD it parallels the reported expression of polycystin, the protein product of PKD1. The irregular expression of alpha 2, alpha 3, and alpha 6 integrin subunits observed in all types of cysts suggests that cell/matrix interactions are altered early and may participate in the development of cysts, perhaps by contributing to the deregulation of cell survival in cystic diseases.

背景与目标： : 细胞/基质相互作用的改变是导致多囊肾疾病中囊肿形成的建议机制之一。这些相互作用中的大多数是由 β1-整合素 (一种整合素受体的亚家族) 介导的，由 β1-链与不同的 α-亚基结合形成。迄今为止，尚无关于囊肿发育早期阶段的 α-整联蛋白亚基分布的研究。使用免疫荧光，我们分析了常染色体显性遗传 (ADPKD) 或常染色体隐性多囊肾 (ARPKD) 胎儿肾脏中 α-整合素亚基 (α1，α2，α3，α5和 α6) 和基底膜蛋白的分布。将分布与正常胎儿和产后肾脏以及胎儿囊性发育不良和梅克尔综合征的分布进行了比较。与正常和囊性对照相比，在两种多囊性疾病 (PKD) 的正常和囊性集合管细胞中观察到 α1-整合素染色显着增加。在PKD和囊性对照的囊肿上皮细胞中，整合素亚基 α2，α3和 α6的分布不规则。在PKD收集导管细胞中特异性观察到的 α1亚基表达增加可能是ARPKD遗传缺陷的早期结果。在ADPKD中，它与pkd1的蛋白质产物多囊蛋白的报道表达相似。在所有类型的囊肿中观察到的 α2，α3和 α6整联蛋白亚基的不规则表达表明，细胞/基质相互作用在早期发生改变，并可能参与囊肿的发展，这可能是通过改变囊性疾病中细胞存活的失调。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: -2

背景与目标： -2

BACKGROUND & AIMS: As the importance of laparoscopic surgery for benign diseases of the gastrointestinal tract continues to grow, the application of this approach in cases of malignancy remains controversial. Although the concept of cancer recurrence in the area of surgical wounds is not new, the incidence of port site recurrence is the most obvious concern. Indications and contraindications for surgery as well as a standardized nomenclature describing the type of laparoscopic procedures being performed are some other issues that need to be clarified. Complete laparoscopic procedures or the combination of laparoscopy with open techniques can offer advantages and disadvantages that surgeons will have to take into consideration when making decisions. The skill of the operating team and the extent of disease define the boundaries of laparoscopic surgery possible. The continued research as well as development of intelligent instruments and standardized techniques might give laparoscopy a clear role in the treatment of abdominal malignancies.

背景与目标： 随着腹腔镜手术对胃肠道良性疾病的重要性不断提高，这种方法在恶性肿瘤中的应用仍然存在争议。尽管手术伤口区域癌症复发的概念并不新，但港口部位复发的发生率是最明显的担忧。手术的适应症和禁忌症以及描述正在进行的腹腔镜手术类型的标准化术语是需要澄清的其他一些问题。完整的腹腔镜手术或腹腔镜与开放技术的结合可以提供外科医生在做出决定时必须考虑的优点和缺点。手术团队的技能和疾病程度定义了腹腔镜手术的界限。智能仪器和标准化技术的持续研究以及开发可能使腹腔镜检查在腹部恶性肿瘤的治疗中发挥明显作用。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :With the advent of biological therapies, considerable advances have been achieved in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. These have arisen primarily from studies elucidating mechanisms of pathophysiology and are best exemplified in the wide use of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockade in several rheumatic diseases. The identification of additional pro-inflammatory factors in rheumatic diseases and an understanding of their effector function, now offers major possibilities for the generation of novel therapeutics. To address unmet clinical need, such interventions will ideally fulfil several of the following criteria: (1) control of inflammation, (2) modulation of underlying immune dysfunction - promoting the re-establishment of immune tolerance, (3) protection of targeted tissues such as bone and cartilage - this should encompass promoting healing of previously damaged tissues, (4) preservation of host immune capability - to avoid profound immune suppression and (5) amelioration of co-morbidity associated with underlying inflammatory arthritis. This short review will consider those novel cytokine activities that represent optimal utility as therapeutic targets. Since we wish to reflect the current predominant research effort, we will focus primarily on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based studies.

背景与目标： : 随着生物疗法的出现，炎症性关节炎的治疗取得了相当大的进展。这些主要来自阐明病理生理学机制的研究，并且在几种风湿性疾病中广泛使用肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF) 阻滞的最佳例证。在风湿性疾病中鉴定其他促炎因子并了解其效应子功能，现在为产生新型疗法提供了主要可能性。为了解决未满足的临床需求，这些干预措施将理想地满足以下几个标准 :( 1) 控制炎症，(2) 调节潜在的免疫功能障碍-促进免疫耐受的重建，(3) 保护目标组织，如骨和软骨-这应包括促进先前受损组织的愈合，(4) 保持宿主免疫能力-避免严重的免疫抑制和 (5) 改善与潜在的炎性关节炎相关的合并症。这篇简短的评论将考虑那些代表最佳效用的新型细胞因子活性作为治疗靶标。由于我们希望反映当前的主要研究工作，因此我们将主要关注基于类风湿关节炎 (RA) 的研究。

BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia (LVTA) is the most prevalent electrophysiological underpinning of sudden cardiac death (SCD), a condition that occurs in response to multiple pathophysiological abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify common lipid features of LVTA that were induced by distinct pathophysiological conditions, thereby facilitating the discovery of novel SCD therapeutic targets. Two rat LVTA-SCD models were established to mimic myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial ion channel diseases. Myocardial and serum specimens were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based lipidomics. The lipid profiles of the myocardial and serum specimens were similar between the models. Eleven myocardial lipid classes were altered, including downregulations of: cardiolipin, ceramide, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine, and upregulations of: lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid. Serum concentrations of triacylglycerol, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol were also altered. Alterations of lipids in paired myocardia and sera were closely correlated. Cardiolipin 70:5, cardiolipin 74:9 and ceramide d34:2 were tested as potential biomarkers of LVTA. The results indicate that there are common LVTA lipid profiles induced by MI and myocardial ion channel diseases, potentially offering novel LVTA-SCD therapeutic targets.

背景与目标： : 致死性室性快速性心律失常 (LVTA) 是心脏性猝死 (SCD) 的最普遍的电生理基础，该疾病是针对多种病理生理异常而发生的。这项研究的目的是确定由不同的病理生理条件诱导的LVTA的常见脂质特征，从而促进新的SCD治疗靶标的发现。建立了两种大鼠lvta-scd模型，以模拟心肌梗塞 (MI) 和心肌离子通道疾病。使用基于超高效液相色谱-质谱 (uplc-ms) 的脂质组学分析心肌和血清标本。模型之间心肌和血清标本的脂质分布相似。改变了11种心肌脂质类别，包括心磷脂，神经酰胺，磷脂酰肌醇，磷脂酰乙醇胺，三酰基甘油，二酰基甘油，磷脂酰甘油，溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰丝氨酸的下调，以及溶血磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酸的上调。三酰甘油，溶血磷脂酰胆碱，磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰肌醇的血清浓度也发生了变化。成对的心肌和血清中脂质的变化密切相关。心磷脂70:5，心磷脂74:9和神经酰胺d34:2被测试为LVTA的潜在生物标志物。结果表明，MI和心肌离子通道疾病引起的常见LVTA脂质分布，可能为lvta-scd提供新的治疗靶标。