BACKGROUND & AIMS:
:Traditionally, case-control studies of sexually transmitted infections and prostate cancer have focused on gonorrhea and syphilis, with overall positive associations. More recently, researchers have begun to expand their focus to include additional sexually transmitted infections, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus (HPV), and human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) infections. Continuing this investigation, we examined each of these infections in relation to incident prostate cancer in a nested case-control study within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Prostate cancer cases were men diagnosed with prostate cancer between the date of blood draw (1993-1995) and 2000 (n = 691). Controls were men free of cancer and alive at the time of case diagnosis who had had at least one prostate-specific antigen test between the date of blood draw and case diagnosis. One control was individually matched to each case by age; year, time of day, and season of blood draw; and prostate-specific antigen screening history before blood draw (n = 691). C. trachomatis and HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-33 antibody serostatus were assessed by enzyme-based immunoassays and HHV-8 antibody serostatus was assessed by an immunofluorescence assay. No associations were observed between C. trachomatis [odds ratio (OR), 1.13; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.65-1.96], HPV-16 (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.57-1.23), HPV-18 (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.66-1.64), and HPV-33 (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.76-1.72) antibody seropositivity and prostate cancer. A significant inverse association was observed between HHV-8 antibody seropositivity and prostate cancer (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52-0.95). As this study is the first, to our knowledge, to observe such an inverse association, similar additional studies are warranted.
背景与目标:
: 传统上,对性传播感染和前列腺癌的病例对照研究集中在淋病和梅毒上,总体上呈正相关。最近,研究人员已开始将重点扩大到其他性传播感染,例如沙眼衣原体,人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 和人类疱疹病毒8型 (HHV-8) 感染。继续这项调查,我们在卫生专业人员随访研究中的巢式病例对照研究中检查了与前列腺癌事件有关的每种感染。前列腺癌病例是在抽血日期 (1993-1995) 至2000 (n = 691) 之间诊断为前列腺癌的男性。对照组是没有癌症且在病例诊断时还活着的男性,他们在抽血之日和病例诊断之日之间至少进行了一次前列腺特异性抗原测试。一个对照按年龄、年、一天中的时间和抽血季节、以及抽血前的前列腺特异性抗原筛查史 (n = 691) 与每个病例单独匹配。通过基于酶的免疫测定评估沙眼和HPV-16、HPV-18和HPV-33抗体血清状态,并通过免疫荧光测定评估HHV-8抗体血清状态。没有观察到沙眼衣原体 [比值比 (OR),1.13; 95% 置信区间 (95% CI),0.65-1.96],HPV-16 (OR,0.83; 95% CI,0.57-1.23),HPV-18 (OR,1.04; 95% CI,0.66-1.64),和HPV-33 (或,1.14; 95% CI,0.76-1.72) 抗体血清阳性和前列腺癌。在HHV-8抗体血清阳性与前列腺癌之间观察到显着的反向关联 (OR,0.70; 95% CI,0.52-0.95)。据我们所知,由于这项研究是观察这种反向关联的第一项研究,因此有必要进行类似的其他研究。