BACKGROUND & AIMS:
:To elucidate the differences in the mode of transmission of three blood-borne viruses, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), under comparable conditions of study, we analyzed the prevalences of anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV), anti-HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HIV antibodies (anti-HIV) in different risk populations in Chiang Mai, Thailand, where the prevalence of HIV infection is high. The subjects consisted of 98 intravenous drug users (IVDU), 100 commercial sex workers (CSW) and 50 male patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD). In IVDU the prevalence of anti-HCV was the highest (85%), followed by anti-HBc (77%) and anti-HIV (46%), whereas in CSW and STD the prevalence of anti-HCV was 2 and 0%, respectively, that of anti-HBc 69 and 64%, respectively, and that of anti-HIV 11 and 14%, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HBc minus that of HBsAg, representing horizontal transmission of HBV, was similar for IVDU (63%), CSW (58%) and STD (64%). Thus, HCV is mainly transmitted by blood contact, HIV primarily by blood contact rather than by sexual contact, and HBV equally readily by blood or sexual contact. These findings were supported by the results of logistic regression analysis.
背景与目标:
: 为了阐明丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV),乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 和人类免疫缺陷病病毒 (HIV) 三种血源性病毒在传播方式上的差异,在可比的研究条件下,我们分析了抗HCV抗体 (抗HCV) 的患病率,在泰国清迈,HIV感染率很高的不同风险人群中,抗HBV核心抗体 (anti-HBc),HBV表面抗原 (HBsAg) 和抗HIV抗体 (anti-HIV)。受试者包括98名静脉吸毒者 (IVDU),100名商业性工作者 (CSW) 和50名患有性传播疾病 (STD) 的男性患者。在IVDU中,抗HCV的患病率最高 (85%),其次是抗HBc (77%) 和抗HIV (46%),而在CSW和STD中,抗HCV的患病率分别为2和0%,抗HBc 69和64%,和抗HIV 11和14%。抗-HBc减去HBsAg的患病率,代表HBV的水平传播,对于IVDU (63%),CSW (58%) 和STD (64%) 相似。因此,HCV主要通过血液接触传播,HIV主要通过血液接触而不是通过性接触传播,HBV同样容易通过血液或性接触传播。这些发现得到了logistic回归分析结果的支持。