• 【Rai (Shc C) 衔接蛋白在人肠神经系统中的表达。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2007.01017.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Villanacci V,Bassotti G,Ortensi B,Fisogni S,Cathomas G,Maurer CA,Galletti A,Salerni B,Pelicci G
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The adaptor protein Rai (ShcC/N-Shc) is almost exclusively present in the nervous system, although little is documented about its expression in the gut and the enteric nervous system (ENS). As Rai is a physiological substrate of Ret, an important factor for the development of ENS, we have evaluated the expression of Rai in the ENS in various segments of the human gastrointestinal tract. The expression of Rai was assessed by immunohistochemistry in disease-free human gut samples (oesophagus, stomach, small bowel and colon) obtained from subjects undergoing surgical procedures. Rai was not expressed in the epithelia or lymphoid tissue, whereas a moderate level of expression was observed in the endothelial cells of blood vessels and on the outer membrane of smooth muscle cells in both the muscularis mucosae and the muscularis propria. In the ENS, strong positivity was observed only in enteric glial cells, overlapping with GFAP and S100. In conclusion, Rai is expressed in the human gut, especially in the enteric glial cells. We conclude that Rai may provide an additional marker for this cell type.
    背景与目标: : 衔接蛋白Rai (ShcC/n-shc) 几乎只存在于神经系统中,尽管很少有关于其在肠道和肠神经系统 (ENS) 中的表达的记录。由于Rai是Ret的生理底物,Ret是ENS发展的重要因素,因此我们评估了Rai在人胃肠道各个部分的ENS中的表达。通过免疫组织化学评估从接受外科手术的受试者获得的无病人肠道样品 (食道,胃,小肠和结肠) 中Rai的表达。Rai在上皮或淋巴组织中未表达,而在粘膜肌层和固有肌层的血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的外膜中均观察到中等水平的表达。在ENS中,仅在与GFAP和s100重叠的肠神经胶质细胞中观察到强阳性。总之,Rai在人肠道中表达,尤其是在肠神经胶质细胞中表达。我们得出的结论是,Rai可能为这种细胞类型提供了额外的标记。
  • 【泰国清迈市外国人死亡率为2010 2011年。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00654.x 复制DOI
    作者列表:Pawun V,Visrutaratna S,Ungchusak K,Mahasing S,Khumtalord C,Tipsriraj S,Chenwittaya C,Guadamuz TE,Wisniewski SR
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Up to 65% of travelers to less developed countries report health problems while traveling. International travel is an increasing concern for health practitioners. To date, there have not been any published analyses of mortality amongst foreign nationals visiting Thailand. Our objectives are to examine the magnitude and characterize the deaths among foreign nationals in Chiang Mai, a popular tourist province in Thailand. METHODS:The study commenced with a review of the Thai death registration. Death certificates were retrieved, reviewed, and classified by the causes of death. Basic statistics and proportionate mortality ratio (PMR) were used to describe the pattern of deaths. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was used to assess the excess mortality risk among foreign nationals. RESULTS:Between January 1, 2010 and May 31, 2011, there were 1,295 registered deaths in Chiang Mai City, of which 102 records (7.9%) were foreign nationals. Median age of decedents was 64 years (range 14-102 y). Female-to-male ratio was 1 : 5.4. The highest mortality was among Europeans (45.1%). Most of the deaths were natural causes (89.2%) including 36 cardiac diseases (PMR = 35.3) and 20 malignancy diseases (PMR = 19.6). Deaths due to external causes were low. The SMRs range between 0.15 and 0.30. CONCLUSION:Communicable diseases and injuries were not the leading causes of death among foreign nationals visiting Chiang Mai, Thailand. It is essential that travelers are aware of mortality risk associated with their underlying diseases and that they are properly prepared to handle them while traveling.
    背景与目标:
  • 【在泰国清迈的门诊初级保健诊所探索泰国2型糖尿病患者的看法,态度和信念,因为它们与药物依从性有关。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/s12875-020-01233-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Jiraporncharoen W,Pinyopornpanish K,Junjom K,Dejkriengkraikul N,Wisetborisut A,Papachristou I,Hashmi A,Angkurawaranon C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Within the sphere of diabetes self-management, much emphasis has been placed on medication adherence. There has been a shift in thinking about medication adherence, moving from "compliance" and historically paternalistic models of care, to seeking better ways of characterizing dynamic and complex relationships that determine medication adherence and diabetes control. This study sought to understand the relationship between patient's attitudes and medication adherence for oral anti-diabetics in Thailand. METHODS:In-depth interviews of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, taking oral anti-diabetic drugs, at the out-patient clinic run by the Department of Family Medicine, Chiang Mai University between May and December 2016. Thematic analysis followed the WHO framework for medication adherence in chronic disease to explore patient's attitudes and their influence on medication compliance. RESULTS:Of 24 patients, 9 were men. The mean age was 62 years (SD 8.9 years). 67% had high compliance. Four themes were identified as important factors related to medication adherence: attitudes toward disease, attitudes toward treatment, attitudes toward family support and attitudes toward health care team. Specifically, symptoms at diagnosis, understanding and acceptance in taking medication, the presence of family support and the perception of concern by the doctor relate to improved medication compliance. CONCLUSIONS:Medication adherence in Thai patients with diabetes requires support from both the health care providers and the family. The patient's perception of the doctor's concern creates greater patient trust in the health care team. This trust, along with family support, helps deepen patients' understanding of the disease, accept the chronic nature of their disease, and engenders a positive attitude towards taking medication that can improve medication adherence.
    背景与目标:
  • 【Maharaj Nakorn清迈医院并发地中海贫血综合征的妇女的妊娠结局。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00404-008-0804-3 复制DOI
    作者列表:Traisrisilp K,Luewan S,Tongsong T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:To determine the maternal and fetal outcomes of women complicated with thalassemia syndrome. STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective descriptive study. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The database of Maternal-Fetal Medicine unit and medical records, between January 2001 and April 2008, were reviewed to search for pregnant women complicated with thalassemia syndrome and medical records were reviewed for patient's baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. The inclusion criteria consisted of (1) pregnant women diagnosed for thalassemia syndrome by hematologist either during or before pregnancy based on hemoglobin typing, (2) attending the antenatal care clinic and delivery at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai hospital, and (3) available data of pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS:During the study period, 80 pregnant women with thalassemia syndrome were recruited, including 52 (65%) cases of HbH disease, 23 (28.8%) cases of beta-thalassemia/HbE disease, 2 cases of AE Bart's disease, 2 cases of EF Bart's disease and 1 case of beta-thalassemia major. Excluding 2 twin pregnancies and 1 case with beta-thalassemia major, 77 were available for analysis of the outcomes. The mean gestational age (+/-SD) at delivery was 37.40 (+/-2.6) weeks, range 27-42 weeks. Twenty-five (32.5%) had delivery by cesarean section and the remainder had successful vaginal delivery. Fetal growth restriction was found in 21 cases (27.3%), 16 (20.8%) had preterm births and the rate of low birth weight (<2,500 g) was 44.1%. Regard to the type of thalassemia, baseline hemoglobin levels and mean birth weight of women with beta-thal/Hb E was significantly lower than the levels of those with Hb H disease. CONCLUSION:This series indicates that, in spite of an attempt to keep hemoglobin levels above 7.0 g/dl, pregnancy with thalassemia is likely to be associated with an increased rate of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth and low birth weight.
    背景与目标:
  • 【对分化型甲状腺癌患者进行治疗前RAI扫描时,消融和诊断活动之间最佳时间间隔的临床试验。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000001308 复制DOI
    作者列表:Yin Y,Mao Q,Chen S,Li N,Li X,Li Y
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :This article investigates the association of the time interval between the diagnostic dose and ablation with the stunning effect, when a 74 MBq I pretherapy scanning was performed on patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC); the patients who were diagnosed as DTC and would be performed radioiodine (RAI) ablation of thyroid remnants or metastases were recruited during January 2011 and May 2012 in our hospital.Thirty-seven patients with DTC who had the RAI ablation of thyroid remnants or metastases for the first time were recruited. All the patients received a dose of 1850 to 7400 MBq of I for ablation and a diagnostic scan was performed 24 hours after the administration of 74 MBq I before ablation. A posttherapy scan was performed 2 to 7 days after the ablation. The patients were broken down into 3 groups (G1, G2, and G3) according to the interval time between the diagnostic dose and therapy (1-3, 4-7, and >7 days). The fractional concentrations of I in remnants or functional metastases were quantified and expressed as therapeutic/diagnostic (Rx/Dx). The level of significance was set at 0.05.Sixty-seven foci were found both on pretherapy and posttherapy scans, the mean ratio of Rx/Dx was 0.43 ± 0.29, and the ratio of 49 foci (73.13%) was <0.6. The ratios in G1, G2, and G3 were 0.46 ± 0.29, 0.29 ± 0.18, and 0.55 ± 0.33, respectively. The differences between G1 and G2, and G2 and G3 were statistically significant (t = 2.40, P = 0.021 and t = 3.28, P = 0.002), whereas the difference between G1 and G3 was not significant (t = 1.01, P = 0.319).By a diagnostic scan of 74 MBq I, stunning prominently occurs with a time of 4 to 7 days between the diagnostic dose and ablation. We recommend that for less stunning effect, RAI ablation should be performed within 3 days or postponed until 1 week after the diagnostic dose administrated.
    背景与目标: : 本文研究了对分化型甲状腺癌 (DTC) 患者进行74  MBq I治疗前扫描时,诊断剂量和消融之间的时间间隔与惊人效果的关系; 在我院2011年1月和2012年5月期间,招募了诊断为DTC并将进行甲状腺残留或转移的放射性碘 (RAI) 消融的患者。37例首次进行甲状腺残留或转移的RAI消融的DTC患者。所有患者均接受了1850年剂量至7400  MBq的I消融,并在消融前给予74  MBq I后24小时进行了诊断扫描。消融后2至7天进行治疗后扫描。根据诊断剂量和治疗之间的间隔时间 (1-3、4-7和> 7天),将患者分为3组 (G1,G2和G3)。对残留或功能性转移中的I的部分浓度进行定量,并表示为治疗性/诊断性 (Rx/Dx)。显著性水平设定为0.05,治疗前和治疗后共发现67个病灶,Rx/Dx的平均比值为0.43   ±   0.29,49个病灶 (73.13%) 的比值 <0.6。G1、G2和G3的比值分别为0.46   ±   0.29、0.29   ±   0.18和0.55   ±   0.33。G1与G2、G2与G3之间差异有统计学意义 (t   =   2.40,p   =   0.021,t   =   3.28,p   =   0.002),而G1与G3之间差异无统计学意义 (t   =   1.01,P   =   0.319)。通过74  MBq I的诊断扫描,在诊断剂量和消融之间的4到7天的时间内显着发生惊艳。我们建议,对于较小的惊人效果,RAI消融应在3天内进行或推迟至1周后给药诊断剂量。
  • 【Shc蛋白RAI促进低氧神经母细胞瘤细胞的适应性细胞存活程序。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/jcp.26247 复制DOI
    作者列表:Criscuoli M,Filippi I,Osti D,Aldinucci C,Guerrini G,Pelicci G,Carraro F,Naldini A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly malignant pediatric solid tumor where a hypoxic signature correlates with unfavorable patient outcome. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α plays an important role in NB progression, contributing to cell proliferation and invasiveness. RAI belongs to the Shc family proteins, it is mainly neuron specific and protects against cerebral ischemia. RAI is also expressed in several NB cell lines, where it promotes cell survival. In this work, hypoxia differently affected cell survival and pro-apoptotic program in two NB cell lines, either expressing RAI (SKNBE) or not (SKNMC). RAI expression appeared to promote NB cell survival and to reduce some pro-apoptotic markers under hypoxia. Accordingly, the RAI silencing in SKNBE cells resulted in a reduction of cell survival and HIF-1α expression. Furthermore, using SKNMC cells stably expressing RAI, we defined a role of RAI in NB cell responses to hypoxia. Of interest, in hypoxic SKNMC cells expressing RAI HIF-1α protein levels were higher than in control cells. This was associated with a) an increased cell survival; b) an increased expression of anti-apoptotic markers; c) a pro-autophagic and not pro-apoptotic phenotype; and d) an increased metabolic activity. We may conclude that RAI plays an important role in hypoxic signaling in NB cells and the interplay between RAI and HIF-1α may be relevant in the protection of NB cells against hypoxia. Our results may contribute to a further understanding the physiology of NB cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in their survival, with important implications in NB progression.
    背景与目标: 神经母细胞瘤 (NB) 是一种高度恶性的小儿实体瘤,其低氧特征与不利的患者预后相关。缺氧诱导因子 (HIF)-1α 在NB进展中起重要作用,促进细胞增殖和侵袭。RAI属于Shc家族蛋白,主要是神经元特异性的,对脑缺血有保护作用。RAI也在几种NB细胞系中表达,在那里它促进细胞存活。在这项工作中,缺氧对表达RAI (SKNBE) 或不表达 (SKNMC) 的两种NB细胞系的细胞存活和促凋亡程序有不同的影响。RAI表达似乎可以促进NB细胞的存活并减少缺氧条件下的一些促凋亡标志物。因此,SKNBE细胞中的RAI沉默导致细胞存活率和HIF-1α 表达降低。此外,使用稳定表达RAI的SKNMC细胞,我们定义了RAI在NB细胞对缺氧的反应中的作用。令人感兴趣的是,在表达RAI HIF-1α 蛋白的缺氧SKNMC细胞中,其水平高于对照细胞。这与a) 细胞存活率增加; b) 抗凋亡标志物的表达增加; c) 自噬前而非促凋亡表型; d) 代谢活性增加。我们可以得出结论,RAI在NB细胞的缺氧信号传导中起着重要作用,RAI和HIF-1α 之间的相互作用可能与NB细胞免受缺氧的保护有关。我们的研究结果可能有助于进一步了解NB细胞的生理学及其存活的分子机制,对NB的进展具有重要意义。
  • 【猪链球菌感染: 清迈大学医院41例系列病例。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2005.02.012 复制DOI
    作者列表:Wangkaew S,Chaiwarith R,Tharavichitkul P,Supparatpinyo K
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome of Streptococcus suis infection in adult patients in northern Thailand, (2) to evaluate the anti-microbial sensitivity pattern and (3) to determine the predicting factors of high mortality rate. METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted at Chiang Mai University Hospital from May 2000 to December 2002. Anti-microbial susceptibility test was performed by agar disk diffusion and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by E-test. RESULTS:Forty-one patients (32 men and nine women, mean age 51 years) with S. suis infection were identified. Three patients had a history of exposure to pig or pork and one patient had a history of raw beef consumption. Clinical manifestations included infective endocarditis, meningitis, sepsis, spondylodiscitis, and endophthalmitis in 16, 13, 10, 1, and 1 patients, respectively. The overall mortality rate was 19.5%. On univariate analysis, low serum albumin, high serum total bilirubin, low platelet, and rapid onset of illness were significantly correlated with high mortality rate. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin (mean MIC90=0.027 microg/ml). CONCLUSIONS:S. suis infection is not uncommon in northern Thailand. High suspicion and early detection are important and could lead to the successful treatment.
    背景与目标:
  • 【泰国清迈大学小动物医院门诊犬感染地丝虫流行病学。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Boonyapakorn C,Srikitjakarn L,Morakote N,Hoerchner F
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Five hundred eighty-nine dog blood samples from the small animal hospital of Chiang Mai University were examined for Dirofilaria immitis prevalence using a microhematocrit tube technique for microfilaria detection. In parallel, a once a month follow-up study on 36 D. immitis negative dogs was conducted to detect the time of acquiring infection in each animal. The diagnostic criteria for the incidence study was based on microfilaria detection or on positive findings against D. immitis antigen using the Witness commercial kit. The estimated prevalence was 18.2% (15-21%; 95% CI). There was no statistical difference between male and female infection rates. The age-specific prevalence of dogs under 2 years old was 6.4%, which was lower than the 2-4 year old group and all the other age groups at a 95% confidence level. In older dogs the prevalence reached 41.5%. Most of the dogs housed outdoors had a statistically higher infection rate than the dogs housed indoors (chi-square = 9.662, 1 df, p = 0.002). Only 109 dogs received chemoprophylaxis resulting in a significantly lower infection rate than in the non-heartworm prevention dogs (chi-square =14.424, 1 df, p = 0.000). The overall incidence density and the incidence during the rainy, cool and hot seasons were 5.2, 6.9, 3.5, and 2.7 animals per 100 animal-months, respectively. The incidence rate ratio between wet/dry, rainy/cool, rainy/summer, and cool/hot seasons were 2.18, 1.98, 2.59 and 1.30, respectively. The 95% confidence interval revealed no difference among seasons. In conclusion, dogs in D. immitis endemic northern Thailand contract infection in about 2 years.
    背景与目标: : 使用微血细胞比容管技术检测微丝虫,检查了清迈大学小动物医院的五百八十九只狗血样的双丝虫患病率。同时,对36 D. immitis阴性犬进行了每月一次的随访研究,以检测每只动物感染的时间。发病率研究的诊断标准基于微丝虫检测或使用Witness商业试剂盒针对D. immitis抗原的阳性结果。估计患病率为18.2% (15-21%; 95% CI)。男性和女性感染率之间没有统计学差异。2岁以下狗的特定年龄患病率为6.4%,低于2-4岁组和所有其他年龄组的95% 置信度。在年长的狗中,患病率达到41.5%。大多数室外饲养的狗比室内饲养的狗具有统计学上更高的感染率 (卡方 = 9.662,1 df,p = 0.002)。仅109只狗接受了化学预防,导致与非心丝虫预防犬的感染率显着降低 (卡方 = 14.424,1 df,p = 0.000)。总发病率密度和雨季,凉爽季节和炎热季节的发病率分别为每100动物月5.2,6.9,3.5和2.7只动物。湿/干、雨/凉、雨/夏和凉/热季节之间的发病率比分别为2.18、1.98、2.59和1.30。95% 的置信区间显示季节之间没有差异。总之,泰国北部流行的D. immitis犬在大约2年内感染。
  • 【泰国清迈府Mae Taeng区冬季和炎热季节农民的血液胆碱酯酶活性水平。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s11356-015-4916-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hongsibsong S,Kerdnoi T,Polyiem W,Srinual N,Patarasiriwong V,Prapamontol T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides have been widely used by farmers for crop protection and pest control. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocyte and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in plasma is the predominant toxic effect of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Mae Taeng District, Chiang Mai Province, is one of the large areas of growing vegetables and fruits. Due to their regular exposure to these pesticides, the farmers are affected by this toxicity. The objective of the study was to examine the AChE and the BChE activity levels in the blood of 102 farmers for comparison of exposure in two cropping seasons, winter and hot. Blood samples were collected in December 2013 (winter) and April-June 2014 (hot). A total of 102 farmers joined the study, represented by 76 males (74.5 %) and 26 females (25.5 %). The age of most of the farmers was 53.4 ± 8.7 years. Out of 102, 21 farmers used carbamate pesticides. The results showed that the AChE and the BChE activity levels of all the farmers were 3.27 ± 0.84 Unit/mL and 2.15 ± 0.58 Unit/mL, respectively. The AChE and the BChE activity levels in males were 3.31 ± 0.88 Unit/mL and 1.97 ± 0.60 U/mL, respectively, during winter and 3.27 ± 0.82 Unit/mL and 2.15 ± 0.58 U/mL, respectively, during the hot season, and AChE and the BChE activity levels in females were 3.27 ± 0.82 U/mL and 2.44 ± 0.56 U/mL, respectively, during the hot season. The cholinesterase activity levels, both AChE and BChE, in the male farmers' blood had significant difference between the two seasons, while in the case of the female farmers, there was significant difference in the BChE activity levels, at p < 0.05. The BChE activity level was found to significantly correlate with self-spray (p < 0.05), which implies that the BChE activity decreased when they sprayed by themselves. The cholinesterase activity levels of the present study were lower than those of the other studies, which may be an indication of some chronic effect of exposure to anticholinesterase pesticides. Thus, it is recommended that the use of pesticides be decreased, together with increase in the awareness of the impact of pesticides on health; also recommended is regular monitoring of blood cholinesterase.
    背景与目标: : 有机磷和氨基甲酸酯农药已被农民广泛用于作物保护和病虫害防治。抑制红细胞中的乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和血浆中的丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 是有机磷和氨基甲酸酯农药的主要毒性作用。清迈省湄登区是种植蔬菜和水果的大片地区之一。由于他们经常接触这些农药,农民受到这种毒性的影响。该研究的目的是检查102农民血液中的AChE和BChE活性水平,以比较冬季和炎热两个种植季节的暴露。在2013年12月 (冬季) 和2014年4月到6月 (炎热) 采集血样。共有102名农民参加了这项研究,其中76名男性 (74.5%) 和26名女性 (25.5%)。大多数农民的年龄为53.4   ±   8.7岁。在102中,有21个农民使用了氨基甲酸酯农药。结果表明,所有农户的AChE和BChE活性水平分别为3.27   ±   0.84单位/mL和2.15   ±   0.58单位/mL。冬季男性AChE和BChE活性水平分别为3.31   ±   0.88单位/mL和1.97   ±   0.60 U/mL,炎热季节分别为3.27   ±   0.82单位/mL和2.15   ±   0.58 U/mL,在炎热季节,女性的AChE和BChE活性水平分别为3.27   ±   0.82 U/mL和2.44   ±   0.56 U/mL。雄性农民血液中AChE和BChE的胆碱酯酶活性水平在两个季节之间存在显着差异,而在雌性农民中,BChE活性水平存在显着差异,在p  <  0.05。发现BChE活性水平与自喷显着相关 (p  <  0.05),这意味着当它们自己喷时BChE活性降低。本研究的胆碱酯酶活性水平低于其他研究,这可能表明暴露于抗胆碱酯酶农药的某些慢性作用。因此,建议减少农药的使用,同时提高对农药对健康影响的认识; 还建议定期监测血液胆碱酯酶。
  • 【泰国清迈帕米昂的室内氡源识别。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-74721-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Thumvijit T,Chanyotha S,Sriburee S,Hongsriti P,Tapanya M,Kranrod C,Tokonami S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Radon is the leading source of lung cancer mortality after smoking in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Finding a source of carcinogens is one of the important measures for preventing the cancer risk for this region. Specific sites at Pa Miang, Doi Saket have the highest incidences of lung cancer and have a combination of factors that influence indoor radon concentration. Our study identified the sources of indoor radon within several houses. The results indicate that geological and topographic characteristics, including active faults and mountain terraces, are the main sources of indoor radon, especially for wooden houses. Besides building materials, the design of the houses, ventilation conditions, and lifestyle choices are all factors influencing indoor radon concentrations and its associated risk. Although radon levels (29-101 Bq m-3) and total indoor annual effective doses (0.9-3.8 mSv year-1) received from all sources at these sites have shown no significant health risk due to radon exposure , this investigation will be useful as a starting point to guide strategies to respond and prevent the risk of lung cancer, especially in Chiang Mai.
    背景与目标: : 氡是泰国清迈吸烟后肺癌死亡的主要来源。寻找致癌物的来源是预防该地区癌症风险的重要措施之一。在Pa Miang,Doi Saket的特定部位具有最高的肺癌发病率,并且具有影响室内ra浓度的多种因素。我们的研究确定了几所房屋内室内ra的来源。结果表明,地质和地形特征 (包括活动断层和山地阶地) 是室内ra的主要来源,尤其是木屋。除建筑材料外,房屋的设计,通风条件和生活方式的选择都是影响室内ra浓度及其相关风险的因素。尽管从这些地点的所有来源获得的ra水平 (29-101 Bq m-3) 和室内年度总有效剂量 (0.9-3.8 mSv year-1) 没有显示出由于ra暴露而导致的重大健康风险,这项调查将作为指导应对和预防肺癌风险的策略的起点,尤其是在清迈。
  • 【清迈家庭的屋尘螨过敏原水平。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Trakultivakorn M,Krudtong S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The quantitative assays for house dust mite (HDM) allergens provide a valid index of exposure and can be used for risk evaluation. We assessed group I HDM allergen levels in mattress and living room floor dust from 35 Chiang Mai homes and identified factors associated with high allergen levels. One-third of mattress and living room floor dust had group I HDM allergen levels of between 2-10 microg/g. Two-thirds of mattress dust and a small amount of living room floor dust had group I HDM allergen levels of over 10 microg/g. The geometric means of Der p I, Der f I and total group I allergens in mattress and living room floor dust were 8.61, 2.88, and 15.81 microg/g and 1.61, 0.27 and 2.43 microg/g, respectively. Mattresses made of kapok and rugs kept in the living room were associated with high group I allergen levels.
    背景与目标: : 室内尘螨 (HDM) 过敏原的定量测定提供了有效的暴露指标,可用于风险评估。我们评估了来自35个清迈家庭的床垫和客厅地板灰尘中的I组HDM过敏原水平,并确定了与高过敏原水平相关的因素。三分之一的床垫和客厅地板灰尘的I组HDM过敏原水平在2-10微g/g之间。三分之二的床垫灰尘和少量的客厅地板灰尘的I组HDM过敏原水平超过10微克/克。床垫和客厅地板灰尘中Der p I,Der f I和总I组过敏原的几何平均值分别为8.61,2.88和15.81微g/g和1.61,0.27和2.43微g/g。放在客厅里的木棉和地毯制成的床垫与I组过敏原水平较高有关。
  • 【Rai通过抑制抗原受体信号传导和淋巴细胞活化,充当自身免疫的负调节剂。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.182.1.301 复制DOI
    作者列表:Savino MT,Ortensi B,Ferro M,Ulivieri C,Fanigliulo D,Paccagnini E,Lazzi S,Osti D,Pelicci G,Baldari CT
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Rai (ShcC) belongs to the family of Shc adaptor proteins and is expressed in neuronal cells, where it acts as a survival factor activating the PI3K/Akt survival pathway. In vivo, Rai protects the brain from ischemic damage. In this study, we show that Rai is expressed in T and B lymphocytes. Based on the finding that Rai(-/-) mice consistently develop splenomegaly, the role of Rai in lymphocyte homeostasis and proliferation was addressed. Surprisingly, as opposed to neurons, Rai was found to impair lymphocyte survival. Furthermore, Rai deficiency results in a reduction in the frequency of peripheral T cells with a concomitant increase in the frequency of B cells. Rai(-/-) lymphocytes display enhanced proliferative responses to Ag receptor engagement in vitro, which correlates with enhanced signaling by the TCR and BCR, and more robust responses to allergen sensitization in vivo. A high proportion of Rai(-/-) mice develop a lupus-like autoimmune syndrome characterized by splenomegaly, spontaneous peripheral T and B cell activation, autoantibody production, and deposition of immune complexes in the kidney glomeruli, resulting in autoimmune glomerulonephritis. The data identify Rai as a negative regulator of lymphocyte survival and activation and show that loss of this protein results in breaking of immunological tolerance and development of systemic autoimmunity.
    背景与目标: : Rai (ShcC) 属于Shc衔接蛋白家族,在神经元细胞中表达,在那里它充当激活PI3K/Akt存活途径的存活因子。在体内,Rai保护大脑免受缺血性损伤。在这项研究中,我们表明Rai在T和B淋巴细胞中表达。基于Rai(-/-) 小鼠持续发展脾肿大的发现,讨论了Rai在淋巴细胞稳态和增殖中的作用。令人惊讶的是,与神经元相反,Rai被发现会损害淋巴细胞的存活。此外,Rai缺乏导致外周T细胞的频率减少,同时b细胞的频率增加。Rai(-/-) 淋巴细胞在体外对Ag受体参与表现出增强的增殖反应,这与TCR和BCR增强的信号传导以及体内对变应原致敏的更强大反应有关。高比例的Rai(-/-) 小鼠发展为狼疮样自身免疫综合征,其特征是脾肿大,自发外周T和b细胞活化,自身抗体产生以及免疫复合物在肾小球中的沉积,从而导致自身免疫性肾小球肾炎。数据将Rai确定为淋巴细胞存活和激活的负调节剂,并表明该蛋白的丢失导致免疫耐受的破坏和全身自身免疫的发展。
  • 【泰国清迈农村哺乳期妇女的血清和母乳维生素a。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1179/027249302125001976 复制DOI
    作者列表:Panpanich R,Vitsupakorn K,Harper G,Brabin B
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Vitamin A deficiency can occur during lactation and breast-milk vitamin A has been recommended for monitoring the vitamin A status of lactating women and their infants. This study aimed to investigate the vitamin A status of lactating women in relation to race, age, parity, duration of lactation and anthropometric status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 262 lactating women in rural Chiang Mai, Thailand. Blood and breast-milk samples were collected. Serum retinol, carotene and breast-milk retinol concentrations were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show that mean serum retinol and breast-milk retinol in hill tribes were significantly lower than in Thais, 1.91 (0.59) and 0.79 (0.52) compared with 2.10 (0.51) and 1.04 (0.58) mumol/L, respectively. Mean serum retinol and breast-milk retinol were highest during the 1st 3 months of lactation. Maternal age, parity and anthropometric status (BMI) were not associated with serum or breast-milk retinol concentrations. There was a significant relationship between serum and breast-milk retinol values in women who breastfed for 6 months or longer (regression co-efficients 0.30; 95% CI 0.16, 0.43). Breast-milk retinol levels declined significantly from 4 to 12 months after delivery, which could increase the risk of vitamin A deficiency in children who were exclusively breastfed or receiving inappropriate complementary foods during this period. Weaning foods which commence at 6 months and have an adequate vitamin A content should ensure that the vitamin A status of the young child is maintained.
    背景与目标: : 维生素a缺乏症可能发生在哺乳期,母乳维生素a已被推荐用于监测哺乳期妇女及其婴儿的维生素a状况。这项研究旨在调查哺乳期妇女的维生素a状况与种族,年龄,胎次,哺乳期和人体测量状况的关系。在泰国清迈农村的262名哺乳期妇女中进行了一项横断面研究。收集血液和母乳样本。通过高效液相色谱法分析血清视黄醇,胡萝卜素和母乳视黄醇的浓度。结果表明,山地部落的平均血清视黄醇和母乳视黄醇显着低于泰国人,1.91 (0.59) 和0.79 (0.52),分别低于2.10 (0.51) 和1.04 (0.58) mumol/L。哺乳期前3个月的平均血清视黄醇和母乳视黄醇最高。产妇年龄,胎次和人体测量状态 (BMI) 与血清或母乳视黄醇浓度无关。母乳喂养6个月或更长时间的妇女的血清和母乳视黄醇值之间存在显着关系 (回归系数0.30; 95% CI 0.16,0.43)。母乳视黄醇水平在分娩后4至12个月内显著下降,这可能会增加在此期间纯母乳喂养或接受不适当辅食的儿童维生素a缺乏症的风险。从6个月开始并具有足够维生素a含量的断奶食品应确保维持幼儿的维生素a状态。
  • 【p53和PPP1R13L (别名iASPP或RAI) 形成反馈环,以调节遗传毒性应激反应。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.09.002 复制DOI
    作者列表:Laska MJ,Vogel UB,Jensen UB,Nexø BA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:PPP1R13L gene has been found to be over-expressed in variety of cancers and its expression in p53 wild-type background is sufficient to promote tumor growth in vivo. However, in the non-transformed cells it acts as a tumor suppressor which suggests that the role of PPP1R13L is multifaceted. METHODS:We have used siRNA optimized for inhibition of p53, PPP1R13L, BAX and GADD45 alpha expression and investigated the role of those gene products for PPP1R13L expression and induction in a variety of mouse and human cells with different p53 status. In addition we have applied Western Blot, Q-PCR and proteasome inhibition analysis to further ascertain the link between PPP1R13L induction and p53 status. RESULTS:We show that the pattern and extent of the PPP1R13L expression depend on the presence of active p53. Downregulation of p53 target genes BAX and/or GADD45 alpha led to decreased in PPP1R13L activation after adriamycin and/or etoposide treatments. Treatment of the cells with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 resulted in the accumulation of both p53 and PPP1R13L proteins. CONCLUSIONS:We have provided evidence that endogenous PPP1R13L acts as a negative regulator of p53 function, presumably by direct binding. p53 accumulation and activity after DNA damage is compromised by PPP1R13L expression. We suggest that PPP1R13L and p53 form a negative feedback loop which regulates their amount and activity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE:The profound modulatory effect of the PPP1R13L protein on the ability of p53 to cause cellular apoptosis has important implications in cancer and presents new therapeutic possibilities.
    背景与目标:
  • 【RAI-MDS在长期护理机构居民中确定糖尿病和合并症的有效性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1186/1472-6963-14-17 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lix LM,Yan L,Blackburn D,Hu N,Schneider-Lindner V,Teare GF
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:This study assessed the validity of the Resident Assessment Instrument Minimum Data Set (RAI-MDS) Version 2.0 for diagnoses of diabetes and comorbid conditions in residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). METHODS:Hospital inpatient, outpatient physician billing, RAI-MDS, and population registry data for 1997 to 2011 from Saskatchewan, Canada were used to ascertain cases of diabetes and 12 comorbid conditions. Prevalence estimates were calculated for both RAI-MDS and administrative health data. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were calculated using population-based administrative health data as the validation data source. Cohen's κ was used to estimate agreement between the two data sources. RESULTS:23,217 LTCF residents were in the diabetes case ascertainment cohort. Diabetes prevalence was 25.3% in administrative health data and 21.9% in RAI-MDS data. Overall sensitivity of a RAI-MDS diabetes diagnoses was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.80) and the PPV was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.91, 0.92), when compared to administrative health data. Sensitivity of the RAI-MDS for ascertaining comorbid conditions ranged from 0.21 for osteoporosis to 0.92 for multiple sclerosis; specificity was high for most conditions. CONCLUSIONS:RAI-MDS clinical assessment data are sensitive to ascertain diabetes cases in LTCF populations when compared to administrative health data. For many comorbid conditions, RAI-MDS data have low validity when compared to administrative data. Risk-adjustment measures based on these comorbidities might not produce consistent results for RAI-MDS and administrative health data, which could affect the conclusions of studies about health outcomes and quality of care across facilities.
    背景与目标:

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录