• 【糖尿病对已确诊冠心病患者死亡率影响的性别差异: 来自台湾东部冠心病综合医疗保健提供系统 (et-chd) 注册,1997-2006的报告。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.02.007 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lin GM,Li YH,Lin CL,Wang JH,Han CL
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVES:The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on mortality was more pronounced in women than men with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the pre-stent era before 1996. However this relationship is controversial in the post-stent era. METHODS:We studied a cohort of 1073 patients with angiographically defined CAD from the Eastern Taiwan integrated health care delivery system of Coronary Heart Disease (ET-CHD) registry during 1997-2003 in Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan. To evaluate gender-specific DM effect on mortality, the subjects were divided into 4 groups: diabetic women (n=147), non-diabetic women (n=127), diabetic men (n=239), and non-diabetic men (n=560). At a mean follow-up of 5.4 years, cardiac and all-cause mortality were the primary end points. RESULTS:Annual total mortality rates were 10.2%, 5.1%, 7.2%, and 4.8%; annual cardiac mortality rates were 8.2%, 3.0%, 4.3%, and 2.6% for diabetic women, non-diabetic women, diabetic men, and non-diabetic men, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression models, adjusted for possible confounders showed that gender-specific hazard ratios (HRs) of DM for total mortality were 2.02 (95% CI: 1.32-3.09), and 1.72 (95% CI: 1.32-2.25) for women and men, respectively. The HRs for total mortality associated with diabetes were not different between women and men (p=0.53). Similarly, adjusted gender-specific HRs of DM for cardiac mortality were 2.46 (95% CI: 1.45-4.19) for women, and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.28-2.62) for men, which were also not significantly different (p=0.36). CONCLUSIONS:Among patients with CAD, the impact of DM on mortality was consistently higher in women than in men, but the differences across sexes were not statistically significant after 1996 in Taiwan.
    背景与目标:
  • 【颈动脉b型超声的声学阴影可预测CHD。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/s0301-5629(00)00353-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hunt KJ,Sharrett AR,Chambless LE,Folsom AR,Evans GW,Heiss G
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The relationship between carotid artery lesions (CALs), with and without acoustic shadowing (AS) as an index of arterial mineralization, and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) was examined in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study cohort. Among 12,375 individuals, ages 45-64 years, free of CHD at baseline, 399 CHD events occurred between 1987-1995. In a 3-cm segment centered at the carotid bifurcation, CALs with and without AS were identified by B-mode ultrasound (US). After adjustment for the major CHD risk factors, the CHD hazard ratio (HR) for women with CAL without AS compared to women without CAL was 1.78 (95% CI: 1.22, 2.60) and the HR comparing women with CAL with AS to women with CAL without AS was 1.73 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.80). Corresponding HRs for men were 1.59 (95% CI: 1.22, 2.07) and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.72, 1.51). CALs predicted CHD events; this association was stronger for mineralized CALs in women, but not men.
    背景与目标: : 在社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究队列中检查了颈动脉病变 (als),有和没有声学阴影 (AS) 作为动脉矿化指标与冠心病 (CHD) 之间的关系。在12,375名年龄45-64岁的人群中,基线时无冠心病,399冠心病事件发生在1987-1995之间。在以颈动脉分叉为中心的3 cm节段中,通过b型超声 (US) 识别出带有和不带有AS的cal。调整主要冠心病危险因素后,无CAL女性与无CAL女性的冠心病危险比 (HR) 为1.78 (95% CI: 1.22,2.60),1.73比较无CAL女性与无CAL女性的HR (95% CI: 1.07,2.80)。男性的相应hr为1.59 (95% CI: 1.22,2.07) 和1.04 (95% CI: 0.72,1.51)。Cas预测了CHD事件; 这种关联对于女性而不是男性的矿化cas更强。
  • 【冠心病儿童发育筛查: 年龄和阶段问卷调查。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S1047951117000415 复制DOI
    作者列表:Noeder MM,Logan BA,Struemph KL,Condon N,Mueller I,Sands B,Davies RR,Sood E
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:Standardised developmental screening tools are important for the evaluation and management of developmental disorders in children with CHD; however, psychometric properties and clinical utility of screening tools, such as the Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3), have not been examined in the CHD population. We hypothesised that the ASQ-3 would be clinically useful for this population. Study design ASQ-3 developmental classifications for 163 children with CHD at 6, 12, 24, and/or 36 months of age were compared with those obtained from concurrent developmental testing with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. RESULTS:When ASQ-3 screening failure was defined as ⩾1 SD below the normative mean, specificity (⩾81.9%) and negative predictive value (⩾81.0%) were high across ASQ-3 areas. Sensitivity was high for gross motor skills (79.6%), increased with age for communication (35.7-100%), and generally decreased with age for problem solving (73.1-50.0%). When ASQ-3 screening failure was defined as ⩾2 SD below the normative mean, specificity (⩾93.6%) and positive predictive value (⩾74.5%) were generally high across ASQ-3 areas, but sensitivity was low (31.1%) to fair (62.8%). The ASQ-3 showed improved accuracy in predicting delays over clinical risk factors alone. CONCLUSIONS:The ASQ-3 appears to be a clinically useful tool for screening development in children with CHD, although its utility varied on the basis of developmental area and time point. Clinicians are encouraged to refer children scoring ⩾1 SD below the normative mean on any ASQ-3 area for formal developmental evaluation.
    背景与目标:
  • 【禽W染色体 (CHD) 上的第一个基因为非平胸鸟类的普遍性别鉴定提供了标签。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1098/rspb.1996.0239 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ellegren H
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: The avian W chromosome shares many features with the mammalian Y chromosomeit is small, mostly heterochromatic, and filled with large repetitive arrays. No gene so far been assigned to the W chromosome in any bird species and, as a practical consequence, a general tag for avian gender identification on the molecular level is lacking. Here I describe the isolation of a chicken homologue to the mouse chromo-helicase-DNA binding (CHD) gene which encodes a protein involved in global regulation of transcriptional activation on the chromatin level. The avian CHD gene exists in two genomic copies, one of which termed CHD-W) was located on the W chromosome in all non-ratio species investigated. The gene displays extreme levels of sequence conservation since chicken CHD-W and mouse CHD are 82.9% and 95.6% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid level respectively. Molecular sexing can be accomplished in probably all non-ratite birds by hybridizing Southern blots with CHD probes, PCR-based gender identification is also demonstrated. A general system for avian sexing should facilitate many studies of behaviour, evolutionary ecology, genetics, and evolution.

    背景与目标: 禽W染色体与哺乳动物Y染色体具有许多共同特征。它很小,大部分是异色的,并充满了大的重复阵列。到目前为止,在任何鸟类中,都没有将基因分配给W染色体,因此,实际上,缺乏在分子水平上用于鸟类性别鉴定的通用标签。在这里,我描述了鸡同源物与小鼠chromo-helicoase-DNA结合 (CHD) 基因的隔离,该基因编码参与染色质水平上转录激活的整体调控的蛋白质。禽类CHD基因存在于两个基因组拷贝中,其中一个称为chd-w) 位于所研究的所有非比率物种的W染色体上。由于鸡chd-w和小鼠CHD在核苷酸和氨基酸水平分别是82.9% 和95.6% 相同,因此该基因显示出极端水平的序列保守性。通过将Southern印迹与CHD探针杂交,可能可以在所有非平胸鸟类中实现分子性别鉴定,还证明了基于PCR的性别鉴定。鸟类性别鉴定的通用系统应有助于对行为,进化生态学,遗传学和进化的许多研究。
  • 【Α-亚麻酸摄入量与冠心病风险之间的关联。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S000711451400138X 复制DOI
    作者列表:Vedtofte MS,Jakobsen MU,Lauritzen L,O'Reilly EJ,Virtamo J,Knekt P,Colditz G,Hallmans G,Buring J,Steffen LM,Robien K,Rimm EB,Heitmann BL
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The intake of the mainly plant-derived n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA) has been reported to be associated with a lower risk of CHD. However, the results have been inconsistent. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the association between the intake of ALA and the risk of CHD. Potential effect modification by the intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) was also investigated. Data from eight American and European prospective cohort studies including 148 675 women and 80 368 men were used. The outcome measure was incident CHD (CHD event and death). During 4-10 years of follow-up, 4493 CHD events and 1751 CHD deaths occurred. Among men, an inverse association (not significant) between the intake of ALA and the risk of CHD events and deaths was observed. For each additional gram of ALA consumed, a 15 % lower risk of CHD events (hazard ratios (HR) 0·85, 95 % CI 0·72, 1·01) and a 23 % lower risk of CHD deaths (HR 0·77, 95 % CI 0·58, 1·01) were observed. No consistent association was observed among women. No effect modification by the intake of n-3 LCPUFA was observed.
    背景与目标: : 据报道,主要由植物来源的n-3 PUFA α-亚麻酸 (ALA) 的摄入与较低的冠心病风险有关。然而,结果并不一致。因此,本研究的目的是检查摄入ALA与冠心病风险之间的关联。还研究了长链n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) 摄入的潜在效应修饰。使用了来自八项美国和欧洲前瞻性队列研究的数据,其中包括148名675女性和80名368男性。结果指标为冠心病事件 (冠心病事件和死亡)。在4-10年的随访期间,发生了4493例CHD事件和1751例CHD死亡。在男性中,观察到ALA的摄入量与CHD事件和死亡的风险之间呈负相关 (不显着)。每消耗一克ALA,冠心病事件的风险就会15% 降低 (危险比 (HR) 0·85,95% CI 0·72,1·01),冠心病死亡的风险也会23% 降低 (HR 0·77,95% CI 0·58,观察到1·01)。在女性中没有观察到一致的关联。未观察到摄入n-3 LCPUFA的影响。
  • 【檀香山心脏计划中冠心病的十九年趋势。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Reed D,Maclean C
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Accumulated data from the Honolulu Heart Program cohort of men of Japanese ancestry were analysed for 19-year trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and incidence rates, case-fatality ratios, and changes in risk factor levels. From 1966 to 1984, there was an estimated average annual decline of 2.7% for CHD mortality rates for the population from which the cohort was drawn. This decline was similar to that of US white males of the same age distribution. Within the examined cohort of men who were free of prevalent CHD at entry into the study, the temporal pattern of incidence rates of definite CHD was quite similar to the pattern of CHD mortality rates. Thus, for the examined cohort, mortality rates were an accurate indication of incidence rates. There was no evidence that the decline in CHD mortality rates was due to reductions in case-fatality ratios. There were, however, significant decreases in the percentages of men who smoked cigarettes, in blood pressure level among treated hypertensives and in the intake of dietary cholesterol. These changes, and a drop in coronary artery atherosclerosis measured during the same time period, are all compatible with the concept that the decline of CHD mortality among Japanese men in Hawaii reflects primary prevention of new disease.
    背景与目标: : 分析了来自日本血统的檀香山心脏计划队列的19年冠心病 (CHD) 死亡率和发病率,病死率以及危险因素水平变化的趋势。从1966 1984年开始,该队列的人群的CHD死亡率估计平均每年下降2.7%。这种下降与相同年龄分布的美国白人男性相似。在被调查的人群中,在进入研究时没有流行的CHD的男性中,确定的CHD发病率的时间模式与CHD死亡率的模式非常相似。因此,对于被检查的队列,死亡率是发病率的准确指标。没有证据表明冠心病死亡率的下降是由于病死率的降低。但是,吸烟的男性百分比,治疗的高血压患者的血压水平以及饮食中胆固醇的摄入量显着降低。这些变化以及在同一时期测得的冠状动脉粥样硬化下降,都与夏威夷日本男性CHD死亡率下降反映了新疾病的一级预防的概念相吻合。
  • 【CReMM (一种色域解旋酶-DNA结合 (CHD)) 在骨髓基质来源的骨祖细胞中的表达和调节。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/jcp.20611 复制DOI
    作者列表:Marom R,Shur I,Hager GL,Benayahu D
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :This study follows the expression of CReMM, a new CHD family member, in osteoprogenitors. CReMM expression was analyzed in primary cultured mesnchymal cells from rat and human. Analysis in ex vivo cultured marrow stromal cells (MSC) from rats revealed higher level of CReMM in cells from young (3 months), when compared to cells from old (15 months) rats. CReMM level was higher in human MSC then in mature trabecular bone cells (TBC). Within the MSC population, osteogenic clones showed higher levels of CReMM then non-osteogenic ones. We used bone marrow derived osteogenic cell line (MBA-15) to elaborate on the regulation of CReMM expression in correlation with cell proliferation and co-expression with alkaline phosphatase (ALK). CReMM is highly expressed in proliferating cells and is inversely related to expression of ALK. MBA-15 cells were challenged with dexamethasone (Dex) or 17beta-estradiol and quantification of CReMM at the protein (ELISA) and mRNA (RT-PCR) levels had shown that Dex upregulated CReMM levels. Since CReMM is regulated by Dex, we analyzed the interaction of CReMM with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which mediates Dex action. Co-immunopercipitation (Co-IP) demonstrated an association between CReMM and GR. In summary, CReMM is a CHD protein expressed by osteoprogenitors, and we suggest it plays a role in mediating transcriptional response to hormones that coordinate osteoblast function.
    背景与目标: : 这项研究追踪了CHD新家族成员CReMM在骨祖细胞中的表达。在大鼠和人的原代培养的间膜细胞中分析了CReMM表达。与来自老年 (15个月) 大鼠的细胞相比,来自大鼠的离体培养的骨髓基质细胞 (MSC) 的分析显示,来自年轻 (3个月) 的细胞中的CReMM水平更高。人类MSC的CReMM水平高于成熟的小梁骨细胞 (TBC)。在MSC群体中,成骨克隆的CReMM水平高于非成骨克隆。我们使用骨髓来源的成骨细胞系 (MBA-15) 来阐述与细胞增殖以及与碱性磷酸酶 (ALK) 共表达相关的CReMM表达的调节。CReMM在增殖细胞中高度表达,与ALK的表达呈负相关。用地塞米松 (Dex) 或17β-雌二醇攻击MBA-15细胞,蛋白质 (ELISA) 和mRNA (rt-pcr) 水平的CReMM定量表明Dex上调了CReMM水平。由于CReMM受Dex调节,因此我们分析了CReMM与糖皮质激素受体 (GR) 的相互作用,后者介导Dex作用。共同免疫接种 (Co-IP) 证明了CReMM和GR之间的关联。总之,CReMM是由骨祖细胞表达的CHD蛋白,我们认为它在介导对协调成骨细胞功能的激素的转录反应中起作用。
  • 【异构和冠心病患者菌血症的影响因素: 功能性脾状态和抗生素预防的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S1047951116000962 复制DOI
    作者列表:Loomba RS,Pelech AN,Anderson RH
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:"Heterotaxy syndrome", best segregated as isomerism, is characterised by laterality defects of the thoraco-abdominal organs, causing functional impairment. In particular, the spleen is frequently affected, increasing susceptibility to bacteraemia. This study explored factors that may increase the risk of bacteraemia in patients with isomerism. METHODS:We identified patients with CHD and isomerism. Review of outpatient, inpatient, and surgical records was conducted to collect data and determine trends in the cohort. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine factors influencing freedom from bacteraemia (Fig 1). RESULTS:We identified 83 patients with CHD and isomerism - 17 (20%) who had documented episodes of bacteraemia with a total of 21 episodes. A majority (86%) were nosocomial. The median age at the time of bacteraemia was 4 months. Although splenic anatomy did appear to influence the risk of bacteraemia in univariate analysis, this significance was lost with multivariate analysis. None of the other factors was significantly associated in either univariate or multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION:Specific factors such as splenic anatomy, atrial appendage isomerism, and antibiotic prophylaxis status are not significantly associated with the risk of bacteraemia in patients with CHD and isomerism. Nosocomial infections represent a majority of bacteraemia in these patients.
    背景与目标:
  • 【冠心病的干细胞治疗: 走向翻译。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S1047951115000840 复制DOI
    作者列表:Wehman B,Siddiqui OT,Mishra R,Sharma S,Kaushal S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Stem cell therapy has the optimistic goal of regenerating the myocardium as defined by re-growth of lost or destroyed myocardium. As applied to patients with heart failure, many confuse or limit the regenerative definition to just improving myocardial function and/or decreasing myocardial scar formation, which may not be the most important clinical outcome to achieve in this promising field of molecular medicine. Many different stem cell-based therapies have been tested and have demonstrated a safe and feasible profile in adult patients with heart failure, but with varied efficacious end points reported. Although not achieved as of yet, the encompassing goal to regenerate the heart is still believed to be within reach using these cell-based therapies in adult patients with heart failure, as the first-generation therapies are now being tested in different phases of clinical trials. Similar efforts to foster the translation of stem cell therapy to children with heart failure have, however, been limited. In this review, we aim to summarise the findings from pre-clinical models and clinical experiences to date that have focussed on the evaluation of stem cell therapy in children with heart failure. Finally, we present methodological considerations pertinent to the design of a stem cell-based trial for children with heart failure, as they represent a population of patients with very different sets of issues when compared with adult patients. As has been taught by many learned clinicians, children are not small adults!
    背景与目标: : 干细胞疗法的乐观目标是通过丢失或破坏的心肌的重新生长来再生心肌。当应用于心力衰竭患者时,许多人将再生定义混淆或限制为仅改善心肌功能和/或减少心肌瘢痕形成,这可能不是在分子医学这一有前途的领域中实现的最重要的临床结果。已经测试了许多不同的基于干细胞的疗法,并在成年心力衰竭患者中证明了安全可行的特征,但据报道有不同的有效终点。尽管尚未实现,但仍认为在成年心力衰竭患者中使用这些基于细胞的疗法可以实现心脏再生的目标,因为第一代疗法现在正在临床试验的不同阶段进行测试。然而,促进干细胞疗法转化为心力衰竭儿童的类似努力也受到限制。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结迄今为止临床前模型和临床经验的发现,这些发现集中在对心力衰竭儿童进行干细胞治疗的评估上。最后,我们提出了与设计基于干细胞的心力衰竭儿童试验相关的方法学考虑,因为与成年患者相比,它们代表了具有非常不同问题的患者群体。正如许多学识渊博的临床医生所教导的那样,儿童不是小大人!
  • 10 Secondary prevention of CHD. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【冠心病的二级预防。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Nelson MR,Tonkin A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is still the single largest health problem for Australia. It is considered essentially preventable. Risk of future events is highest in those who already have manifest disease (secondary prevention) and hence are likely to benefit from aggressive therapy. OBJECTIVE:This article explores issues of management of risk factors postacute myocardial infarction using a case vignette of a woman who consults her general practitioner after discharge from hospital. DISCUSSION:The consultation allows the GP to reassess the patient's CHD risk factor management including lifestyle factors, and reinforce the need for lifelong use of proven secondary prevention drug therapies and participation in a rehabilitation program. Reflective learning from this case should assist the treating GP and her or his colleagues to help other patients avoid a similar fate.
    背景与目标:
  • 【越野滑雪期间冠心病患者的心率,心律不齐,乳酸水平和儿茶酚胺排泄物。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1055/s-2007-1024822 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lehmann M,Huber G,Gastmann U
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We examined cross-country skiing-related strain in 10 less experienced postinfarction patients, performing a skiing test, covering a distance of approximately 7 km in 90 min. Heart rates, cardiac arrhythmia, lactic acid levels and catecholamine excretions were determined as strain indicators. The patients' exercise capacity, estimated during graded ergometric cycling, was 2.1 +/- 0.4 watts.kg-1, indicating a nearly age-appropriate submaximum performance ability. They had suffered myocardial infarction 2.8 +/- 0.7 years previously, participated regularly in a rehabilitation program for at least one year, and they did not show coronary insufficiency or significant cardiac dysrhythmias during laboratory testing under their usual medications. They went cross-country skiing during a 4-day instruction period and subsequently performed a cross-country skiing test on the 5th day. Mean skiing-related heart rates (124 +/- 9 bpm) and adrenaline excretions (124 +/- 88 pmol.min-1) corresponded on average to an exercise level of 1.85-2.0 watts.kg-1 during laboratory testing, and mean noradrenaline excretions (586-343 pmol.kg-1) and lactate concentrations (3.83 +/- 2.18 mmol.l-1) to a level of 1.48-1.73 watts.kg-1. Cardiac dysrhythmias were observed in a moderate number of 6-8 SVES, 9 to 12 VES and 4 to 7 couplets of VES per 1000 beats during cross-country skiing. The present results point to a comparatively high cardiovascular strain in less experienced postinfarction patients during a cross-country skiing test at an intensity level thought to be moderate.
    背景与目标: : 我们在10名经验较少的梗塞后患者中检查了越野滑雪相关的菌株,并进行了滑雪测试,在90分钟内覆盖了约7千米的距离。心率,心律不齐,乳酸水平和儿茶酚胺排泄物被确定为应变指标。在分级的测功循环过程中估计的患者运动能力为2.1/- 0.4瓦.kg-1,表明几乎适合年龄的次最大表现能力。他们在2.8 +/- 0.7年前患有心肌梗塞,定期参加康复计划至少一年,并且在常规药物的实验室测试中没有显示冠状动脉供血不足或明显的心律不齐。他们在为期4天的指导期间进行了越野滑雪,随后在第5天进行了越野滑雪测试。滑雪相关的平均心率 (124 +/- 9 bpm) 和肾上腺素排泄物 (124 +/- 88 pmol.min-1) 在实验室测试期间平均对应于1.85-2.0瓦.kg-1的运动水平,和平均去甲肾上腺素排泄物 (586-343 pmol.kg-1) 和乳酸浓度 (3.83 +/- 2.18 mmol.l-1) 至1.48-1.73瓦.kg-1的水平。在越野滑雪期间,每1000搏动中观察到中等数量的6-8个svs,9至12个VES和4至7对VES。目前的结果表明,在越野滑雪测试中,经验较少的梗死后患者的心血管压力较高,强度被认为是中等的。
  • 【实施冠心病自闭症谱系障碍标准筛查。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S1047951120001626 复制DOI
    作者列表:Tan A,Semmel ES,Wolf I,Hammett B,Ilardi D
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: INTRODUCTION:While the overall prevalence of autism is 1.7% in the United States of America, research has demonstrated a two- to five-fold increase in CHD. The Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative recommends screening for autism from infancy through adolescence. This study investigated the frequency of autism concerns at a single Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Program and examined current clinical practice as a way to improve quality of care. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients (n = 134; mean age = 9.0 years) included children with high-risk CHD who completed a neurodevelopmental evaluation following a formalised referral to the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Program between 2018 and 2019. Retrospective chart review included parent report on the Behaviour Assessment System for Children-3 and Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System-3. Descriptive and correlation analyses were completed. RESULTS:In this sample, 11.2% presented with autism-related concerns at referral, 2 were diagnosed with autism, 9 were referred to an autism specialist (6 confirmed diagnosis; 3 not completed). Thus, at least 5.9% of the sample were diagnosed with autism following thorough clinical evaluation. Analyses showed atypicality, along with deficient adaptability, leisure, social, and communication skills. Frequency of early intervention, school supports, and relation with comorbidities are reported. DISCUSSION:Prior to assessment recommendations by the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative, autism screening may not be completed systematically in clinical care for CHD. The current sample demonstrates a high frequency of autism in the typically referred clinical sample. Commonly used parent-report measures may reveal concerns but will not help diagnosis. Systematic use of an autism screener is essential.
    背景与目标:
  • 【与染色质重塑因子CHD-3的C端区域相互作用的新蛋白质家族的表征。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03737-7 复制DOI
    作者列表:Lemos TA,Passos DO,Nery FC,Kobarg J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The two human proteins Ki-1/57 and CGI-55 have highly similar amino acid sequences but their functions are unknown. We analyzed them by yeast two-hybrid screens and found that they interact with the C-terminal region of the human chromatin-remodeling factor CHD-3 (chromo-helicase-DNA-binding domain protein-3). The interaction of CGI-55 and CHD-3 could be confirmed in vitro and in vivo by co-immunoprecipitations from Sf9 insect cells. Mapping showed that CGI-55 interacts with CHD-3 via two regions at its N- and C-terminals. The CGI-55 and Ki-1/57 mRNAs show highest expression in muscle, colon and kidney. A CGI55-GFP fusion protein was localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus and perinuclear regions of HeLa cells. These data suggest the possibility that CGI-55 and Ki-1/57 might be involved in nuclear functions like the remodeling of chromatin.
    背景与目标: : 两种人类蛋白质Ki-1/57和CGI-55具有高度相似的氨基酸序列,但其功能未知。我们通过酵母双杂交筛选对它们进行了分析,发现它们与人染色质重塑因子CHD-3 (色解旋酶-DNA结合结构域蛋白-3) 的C端区域相互作用。CGI-55和CHD-3的相互作用可以通过Sf9昆虫细胞的免疫共沉淀在体外和体内得到证实。作图显示,CGI-55通过其N和C末端的两个区域与CHD-3相互作用。CGI-55和Ki-1/57 mrna在肌肉、结肠和肾脏中表达最高。CGI55-GFP融合蛋白位于HeLa细胞的细胞质,细胞核和核周区域。这些数据表明,CGI-55和Ki-1/57可能参与核功能,如染色质的重塑。
  • 【对冠心病发病率和病死率的影响: 危险因素的医学管理。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Pearson TA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The possible role of medical management of risk factors as an explanation of international trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality has been reviewed. In general, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and smoking are the only risk factors that can be detected and treated, with a significant effect on CHD risk. Few organized international data are available to relate to international CHD trends. It appears that the rates of hypertension detection and control are improving, but for many countries, they are still quite low. Less is known about the relative contribution of lifestyle versus medical management as a cause for blood pressure change. Despite these caveats, it appears that blood pressure control may have played a role in CHD mortality trends; further impact of newer antihypertensive agents is likely. The increased medical management of hyperlipidaemia is a relatively recent phenomenon and is unlikely to explain past CHD trends. However, the increased use of these agents and the introduction of more effective agents makes a future effect on CHD likely. The impact of the medical system on smoking cessation is unclear; medical care providers clearly have a major potential role in smoking cessation, but it is difficult to measure. Thus, it appears that medical management of risk factors has had a minor impact on international CHD trends, though the data are sketchy at best. Future research should better delineate the detection and management of risk factors as an increasingly potent source of risk factor change and subsequent reduced CHD mortality.
    背景与目标: : 已经审查了危险因素的医疗管理作为对冠心病 (CHD) 死亡率国际趋势的解释的可能作用。一般来说,高血压、高胆固醇血症和吸烟是唯一可以检测和治疗的危险因素,对冠心病风险有显著影响。很少有组织的国际数据与国际冠心病趋势有关。高血压的检测和控制率似乎正在提高,但对于许多国家来说,它们仍然很低。人们对生活方式与医疗管理作为血压变化的原因的相对贡献知之甚少。尽管有这些警告,但似乎血压控制可能在冠心病死亡率趋势中发挥了作用; 新型降压药可能会进一步影响。高脂血症的医疗管理增加是一个相对较新的现象,不太可能解释过去的冠心病趋势。但是,这些药物的使用增加以及更有效的药物的引入可能会对冠心病产生未来的影响。医疗制度对戒烟的影响尚不清楚; 医疗保健提供者显然在戒烟中具有主要的潜在作用,但很难衡量。因此,风险因素的医疗管理似乎对国际冠心病趋势产生了较小的影响,尽管数据充其量是粗略的。未来的研究应该更好地描述风险因素的检测和管理,作为风险因素变化和随后降低冠心病死亡率的日益有效的来源。
  • 【使用impaza治疗原发性高血压和冠心病患者的勃起功能障碍。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s10517-009-0689-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Neimark AI,Aliev RT,Muzalevskaya NI,Krainichenko SV,Vorob'eva EN,Tarasova TS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Impaza treatment of erectile dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension and CHD receiving cardiotropic therapy improved erectile function and increased reserve circulation. Addition of impaza to the treatment protocol in cardiological patients considerably increased perfusion and reduced the content of desquamated epitheliocytes. No side effects of impaza were noted.
    背景与目标: : Impaza治疗原发性高血压和接受心动疗法的CHD患者的勃起功能障碍可改善勃起功能并增加储备循环。在心脏病患者的治疗方案中添加impaza会大大增加灌注并减少脱落的上皮细胞的含量。没有发现impaza的副作用。

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