• 【胎球蛋白通过清除剂受体介导肝脏对带负电荷的纳米粒子的摄取。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.08.025 复制DOI
    作者列表:Nagayama S,Ogawara K,Minato K,Fukuoka Y,Takakura Y,Hashida M,Higaki K,Kimura T
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We tried to evaluate the possible involvement of fetuin in the scavenger receptors (SRs)-mediated hepatic uptake of polystyrene nanospheres with the size of 50 nm (NS-50), which has surface negative charge (zeta potential=-21.8+/-2.3 mV). The liver perfusion studies in rats revealed that the hepatic uptake of NS-50 pre-coated with fetuin (NS-50-fetuin) was significantly inhibited by poly inosinic acid (poly I), a typical inhibitor of SRs, whereas that of plain NS-50 or NS-50 pre-coated with BSA (NS-50-BSA) was not. The uptake of NS-50-fetuin by cultured Kupffer cells was also significantly inhibited by poly I, and anti-class A scavenger receptors (SR-A) antibody, suggesting that fetuin on NS-50 mediated the recognition and internalization of NS-50 by Kupffer cells and at least SR-A would be responsible for the uptake. Taken that Western blot analysis confirmed that fetuin certainly adsorbed on the surface of NS-50 after the incubation of NS-50 with serum, the results obtained in the present study indicate that fetuin would be one of the serum proteins that were substantially involved in the hepatic uptake of NS-50 via SRs.
    背景与目标: :我们试图评估胎球蛋白可能参与清道夫受体(SRs)介导的肝脏吸收大小为50 nm(NS-50)的聚苯乙烯纳米球,该表面具有表面负电荷(ζ电位= -21.8 /-2.3 mV)。在大鼠的肝脏灌注研究中发现,典型的SR抑制剂聚肌苷酸(poly I)显着抑制了预先涂有胎球蛋白(NS-50-胎球蛋白)的NS-50对肝的摄取。未预涂BSA的-50或NS-50(NS-50-BSA)。聚I和抗A类清道夫受体(SR-A)抗体也显着抑制了培养的Kupffer细胞对NS-50-胎球蛋白的摄取,表明NS-50上的胎球蛋白介导了NS-50的识别和内在化。枯否细胞的吸收,至少由SR-A引起。认为Western印迹分析证实胎球蛋白在将血清与NS-50孵育后肯定吸附在NS-50的表面上,本研究获得的结果表明胎球蛋白将是实质性参与胎盘蛋白的血清蛋白之一。肝通过SRs吸收NS-50。
  • 【通过概述海胆感知和信号级联来探测纳米粒子的安全性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.060 复制DOI
    作者列表:Alijagic A,Pinsino A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Among currently identified issues presenting risks and benefits to human and ocean health, engineered nanoparticles (ENP) represent a priority. Predictions of their economic and social impact appear extraordinary, but their release in the environment at an uncontrollable rate is in striking contrast with the extremely limited number of studies on environmental impact, especially on the marine environment. The sea urchin has a remarkable sensing environmental system whose function and diversity came into focus during the recent years, after sea urchin genome sequencing. The complex immune system may be the basis wherefore sea urchins can adapt to a dynamic environment and survive even in hazardous conditions both in the adult and in the embryonic life. This review is aimed at discussing the literature in nanotoxicological/ecotoxicological studies with a focus on stress and innate immune signaling in sea urchins. In addition, here we introduce our current development of in vitro-driven probes that could be used to dissect ENP aftermaths, suggesting their future use in immune-nanotoxicology.
    背景与目标: :在目前发现的对人类和海洋健康构成风险和益处的问题中,工程纳米颗粒(ENP)成为重中之重。对它们的经济和社会影响的预测似乎非同寻常,但它们以不可控制的速度释放到环境中,与对环境影响,特别是对海洋环境的研究数量极为有限形成鲜明对比。在海胆基因组测序之后,海胆具有卓越的传感环境系统,近年来其功能和多样性成为人们关注的焦点。复杂的免疫系统可能是海胆能够适应动态环境并在成年和胚胎生命中甚至在危险条件下生存的基础。这篇综述旨在讨论纳米毒理学/生态毒理学研究中的文献,重点是海胆中的压力和先天性免疫信号传导。此外,在这里,我们介绍了体外驱动探针的最新进展,该探针可用于剖析ENP后果,表明它们在免疫纳米毒理学中的未来用途。
  • 【通过使用CdSO4纳米颗粒新型增强TiO2的光催化活性,可有效地浓缩浓溶液中的灭多米农药。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s11356-013-2027-9 复制DOI
    作者列表:Barakat NA,Nassar MM,Farrag TE,Mahmoud MS
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Annihilation of electrons-holes recombination process is the main remedy to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the semiconductors photocatalysts. Doping of this class of photocatalysts by foreign nanoparticles is usually utilized to create high Schottky barrier that facilitates electron capture. In the literature, because nonpolar nanoparticles (usually pristine metals, e.g., Ag, Pt, Au, etc.) were utilized in the doping process, the corresponding improvement was relatively low. In this study, CdSO4-doped TiO2 nanoparticles are introduced as a powerful and reusable photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of methomyl pesticide in concentrated aqueous solutions. The utilized CdSO4 nanoparticles form polar grains in the TiO2 matrix due to the electrons leaving characteristic of the sulfate anion. The introduced nanoparticles could successfully eliminate the harmful pesticide under the sunlight radiation within a very short time (less than 1 h), with a removal capacity reaching 1,000 mg pesticide per gram of the introduced photocatalyst. Moreover, increase in the initial concentration of the methomyl did not affect the photocatalytic performance; typically 300, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/l solutions were completely treated within 30, 30, 40, and 60 min, respectively, using 100 mg catalyst. Interestingly, the photocatalytic efficiency was not affected upon multiple use of the photocatalyst. Moreover, negative activation energy was obtained which reveals super activity of the introduced photocatalyst. The distinct photocatalytic activity indicates the complete annihilation of the electrons-holes recombination process and abundant existence of electrons on the catalyst surfaces due to strong electrons capturing the operation of the utilized polar CdSO4 nanoparticles. The introduced photocatalyst has been prepared using the sol-gel technique. Overall, the simplicity of the synthesizing procedure and the obtained featured photocatalytic activity strongly recommend the introduced nanoparticles to treat the methomyl-containing polluted water.
    背景与目标: 电子-空穴复合过程的Ann灭是增强半导体光催化剂光催化活性的主要手段。通常利用外来纳米颗粒对这类光催化剂进行掺杂,以产生促进电子捕获的高肖特基势垒。在文献中,由于在掺杂过程中利用了非极性纳米颗粒(通常是原始金属,例如Ag,Pt,Au等),因此相应的改进相对较低。在这项研究中,CdSO4掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒被引入作为一种强大且可重复使用的光催化剂,用于在浓水溶液中光催化降解灭多明农药。由于电子留下了硫酸根阴离子的特性,因此所利用的CdSO4纳米颗粒在TiO2基体中形成了极性晶粒。引入的纳米粒子可以在非常短的时间内(不到1小时)成功地在阳光辐射下成功清除有害农药,其去除能力达到每克引入的光催化剂1000毫克农药。此外,甲基苯丙胺的初始浓度的增加不会影响光催化性能。通常使用100 mg催化剂分别在30、30、40和60分钟内分别处理300、500、1,000和2,000 mg / l溶液。有趣的是,光催化剂的效率不受光催化剂多次使用的影响。此外,获得了负的活化能,其揭示了所引入的光催化剂的超活性。独特的光催化活性表明电子-空穴复合过程完全消失,并且由于强电子捕获了所利用的极性CdSO4纳米颗粒的操作,电子在催化剂表面上大量存在。引入的光催化剂已经使用溶胶-凝胶技术制备。总体而言,合成过程的简便性和获得的特征性光催化活性强烈建议将引入的纳米颗粒用于处理含甲met的污水。
  • 【对靶向乳腺癌细胞的新型可生物降解纳米粒子的比较评估。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.07.016 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mattu C,Pabari RM,Boffito M,Sartori S,Ciardelli G,Ramtoola Z
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Nanomedicine formulations such as biodegradable nanoparticles (nps) and liposomes offer several advantages over traditional routes of administration: due to their small size, nanocarriers are able to selectively accumulate inside tumours or inflammatory tissues, resulting in improved drug efficacy and reduced side effects. To further augment targeting ability of nanoparticles towards tumour cells, specific ligands or antibodies that selectively recognise biomarkers over-expressed on cancer cells, can be attached to the surface either by chemical bond or by hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions. In the present work, Herceptin (HER), a monoclonal antibody (mAb) able to selectively recognise HER-2 over-expressing tumour cells (such as breast and ovarian cancer cells), was absorbed on the surface of nanoparticles through hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions. Nps were prepared by a modified single emulsion solvent evaporation method with five different polymers: three commercial polyesters (poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly (D,L-lactide) (PLA) and poly (D,L-lactide-co-.glycolide) (PLGA)) and two novel biodegradable polyesterurethanes (PURs) based on Poly(ε-caprolactone) blocks, synthesised with different chain extenders (1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol (CDM) and N-Boc-serinol). Polyurethanes were introduced as matrix-forming materials for nanoparticles due to their high chemical versatility, which allows tailoring of the materials final properties by properly selecting the reagents. All nps exhibited a small size and negative surface charge, suitable for surface functionalisation with mAb through hydrophilic/hydrophobic interactions. The extent of cellular internalisation was tested on two different cell lines: MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells showing a normal and a high expression of the HER-2 receptor, respectively. Paclitaxel, a model anti-neoplastic drug, was encapsulated inside all nps, and release profiles and cytotoxicity on SK-BR-3 cells were also assessed. Interestingly, PUR nps were superior to commercial polyester-based nps in terms of higher cellular internalisation and cytotoxic activity on the tested cell lines. Results obtained warrants further investigation on the application of these PUR nps for controlled drug delivery and targeting.
    背景与目标: 纳米生物制剂,例如可生物降解的纳米颗粒(nps)和脂质体,与传统的给药途径相比具有许多优势:由于纳米载体的体积小,能够在肿瘤或炎性组织内部选择性积聚,从而提高了药物疗效并减少了副作用。为了进一步增强纳米颗粒对肿瘤细胞的靶向能力,可以通过化学键或通过亲水/疏水相互作用将选择性识别在癌细胞上过度表达的生物标志物的特异性配体或抗体附着于表面。在本研究中,赫赛汀(HER)是一种能够选择性识别过度表达HER-2的肿瘤细胞(如乳腺癌和卵巢癌细胞)的单克隆抗体(mAb),通过亲水/疏水相互作用被吸收在纳米颗粒表面。通过改进的单乳液溶剂蒸发法用五种不同的聚合物制备Nps:五种不同的聚合物:三种市售聚酯(聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL),聚(D,L-丙交酯)(PLA)和聚(D,L-丙交酯-乙交酯(PLGA))和两种基于聚(ε-己内酯)嵌段的新型可生物降解聚酯聚氨酯(PUR),它们是用不同的扩链剂(1,4-环己烷二甲醇(CDM)和N-Boc-丝氨醇)合成的。聚氨酯被引入作为用于纳米颗粒的基质形成材料由于它们的高的化学的通用性,这允许通过适当地选择所用试剂剪裁材料最终特性。所有nps均显示出较小的尺寸和负表面电荷,适用于通过亲水/疏水相互作用与mAb进行表面官能化。在两种不同的细胞系上测试了细胞内在化的程度:MCF-7和SK-BR-3乳腺癌细胞分别显示出HER-2受体的正常表达和高表达。紫杉醇是一种抗肿瘤药物,被封装在所有nps内,并评估了SK-BR-3细胞的释放特性和细胞毒性。有趣的是,就更高的细胞内在化和对测试细胞系的细胞毒活性而言,PUR nps优于市售的基于聚酯的nps。获得的结果值得进一步研究这些PUR nps在控制药物递送和靶向中的应用。
  • 【虹鳟鱼中银纳米颗粒的生物蓄积:浓度和盐度的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.07.003 复制DOI
    作者列表:Salari Joo H,Kalbassi MR,Yu IJ,Lee JH,Johari SA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :With the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), their entrance into aquatic ecosystems is inevitable. Thus, the present study simulated the potential fate, toxicity, and bioaccumulation of Ag-NPs released into aquatic systems with different salinities. The Ag-NPs were characterized using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and UV-vis spectroscopy. Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed to Ag-NPs in three different salinity concentrations, including low (0.4 ppt), moderate (6 ± 0.3 ppt), and high (12 ± 0.2 ppt) salinity, for 14 days in static renewal systems. The nominal Ag-NP concentrations in the low salinity were 0.032, 0.1, 0.32, and 1 ppm, while the Ag-NP concentrations in the moderate and high salinity were 3.2, 10, 32, and 100 ppm. UV-vis spectroscopy was used during 48 h (re-dosing time) to evaluate the stability and possible changes in size of the Ag-NPs in the water. The results revealed that the λmax of the Ag-NPs remained stable (415-420 nm) at all concentrations in the low salinity with a reduction of absorbance between 380 and 550 nm. In contrast, the λmax quickly shifted to a longer wavelength and reduced absorbance in the moderate and higher salinity. The bioaccumulation of Ag in the studied tissues was concentration-dependent in all the salinities based on the following order: liver>kidneys≈gills>white muscles. All the tissue silver levels were significantly higher in the high salinity than in the moderate salinity. In addition, all the fish exposed to Ag-NPs in the low, moderate, and high salinity showed a concentration-dependent increase in their hepatosomatic index (HSI). In conclusion, most Ag-NPs that enter into freshwater ecosystems (low ionic strength) remain suspended, representing a potentially negative threat to the biota in an ionic or nanoscale form. However, in a higher salinity, nanoparticles agglomerate and precipitate on the surface of the sediment.
    背景与目标: 随着银纳米颗粒(Ag-NPs)的日益使用,它们不可避免地进入水生生态系统。因此,本研究模拟了被释放到具有不同盐度的水生系统中的Ag-NPs的潜在命运,毒性和生物蓄积性。使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES),动态光散射(DLS),透射电子显微镜(TEM),能量色散X射线分析(EDX)和紫外可见光谱对Ag-NP进行表征。在静态更新系统中,将幼虹鳟暴露于三种不同盐度浓度的Ag-NP中,包括低(0.4 ppt),中度(6±0.3 ppt)和高(12±0.2 ppt)盐度。低盐度的标称Ag-NP浓度为0.032、0.1、0.32和1 ppm,而中盐度和高盐度的Ag-NP浓度为3.2、10、32和100 ppm。在48小时(重新加药时间)中使用了紫外可见光谱法来评估水中Ag-NP的稳定性和大小可能发生的变化。结果表明,在低盐度下,Ag-NPs的λmax在所有浓度下均保持稳定(415-420 nm),并且在380 nm至550 nm之间的吸光度降低。相反,在中度和较高盐度下,λmax迅速移至更长的波长并降低了吸光度。在所有盐度中,Ag在生物组织中的生物累积量均取决于浓度,其顺序为:肝脏>肾脏≈≈>白肌肉。高盐度下的所有组织银含量均显着高于中盐度。此外,所有在低盐度,中度盐度和高盐度条件下暴露于Ag-NPs的鱼的肝体指数(HSI)均呈浓度依赖性增加。总之,大多数进入淡水生态系统(低离子强度)的Ag-NP都保持悬浮状态,以离子或纳米级形式对生物群构成潜在的负面威胁。然而,在更高的盐度下,纳米颗粒附聚并沉淀在沉积物的表面上。
  • 【归巢肽在磁铁矿纳米颗粒上的固定及其体外特异性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/jbm.a.31181 复制DOI
    作者列表:Gan ZF,Jiang JS,Yang Y,Du B,Qian M,Zhang P
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :As a homing peptide, A54 is the most effective peptide specific to the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell. Homing peptide labeled with green fluorescent protein (A54-GFP) was successfully immobilized on the surfaces of magnetic nanoparticles and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as fluorescence microscopy. The binding efficiency was analyzed by performing adsorption equilibrium and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Specific binding of the nanoparticles functionalized with A54-GFP to human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro was visualized using fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated the specificity of A54-GFP-coated magnetic nanoparticle to tumor cell, pointing to its great potential in magnetic cell separation and purification, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic hyperthermia, and drug targeting.
    背景与目标: :作为归巢肽,A54是人类肝癌细胞特异的最有效肽。成功地将标记有绿色荧光蛋白(A54-GFP)的归巢肽固定在磁性纳米颗粒的表面,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和荧光显微镜对其进行了表征。通过进行吸附平衡和SDS-PAGE电泳来分析结合效率。使用荧光显微镜观察到在体外用A54-GFP功能化的纳米颗粒与人肝癌细胞的特异性结合。结果证明了涂有A54-GFP的磁性纳米颗粒对肿瘤细胞的特异性,指出了其在磁性细胞分离和纯化,磁共振成像(MRI),磁性热疗和靶向药物方面的巨大潜力。
  • 【将银纳米颗粒(SNP)固定在Balaiana纤维素上。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.07.031 复制DOI
    作者列表:Gogoi K,Saikia JP,Konwar BK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Cellulose from Musa balbisiana was purified. A part of it was dispersed in distilled water using ultrasonication. The silver nanoparticles (SNP) were synthesized in the colloidal cellulose solution and stability of the nanoparticles was tested using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Further characterization of the composite was done using spectral analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to reveal any bond formation between silver nanoparticles with M. balbisiana cellulose. Here we found that cellulose/silver nanoparticle colloid is stable for 29 days and there is no chemical interaction of cellulose with silver nanoparticles.
    背景与目标: :纯化了来自Musa balbisiana的纤维素。使用超声波将其一部分分散在蒸馏水中。在胶态纤维素溶液中合成了银纳米颗粒(SNP),并使用UV-Vis分光光度计测试了纳米颗粒的稳定性。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)进行光谱分析,对复合材料进行了进一步的表征,以揭示银纳米粒子与巴尔比西亚分支杆菌纤维素之间的任何键形成。在这里,我们发现纤维素/银纳米颗粒胶体稳定了29天,并且纤维素与银纳米颗粒之间没有化学相互作用。
  • 【钛酸钡纳米颗粒对大鼠间充质干细胞增殖和分化的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.08.001 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ciofani G,Ricotti L,Canale C,D'Alessandro D,Berrettini S,Mazzolai B,Mattoli V
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Nanomaterials hold great promise in the manipulation and treatments of mesenchymal stem cells, since they allow the modulation of their properties and differentiation. However, systematic studies have to be carried out in order to assess their potential toxicological effects. The present study reports on biocompatibility evaluation of glycol-chitosan coated barium titanate nanoparticles (BTNPs) on rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). BTNPs are a class of ceramic systems which possess interesting features for biological applications thanks to their peculiar dielectric and piezoelectric properties. Viability was evaluated up to 5 days of incubation (concentrations in the range 0-100 μg/ml) both quantitatively and qualitatively with specific assays. Interactions cells/nanoparticles were further investigated with analysis of the cytoskeleton conformation, with SEM and TEM imaging, and with AFM analysis. Finally, differentiation in adipocytes and osteocytes was achieved in the presence of high doses of BTNPs, thus highlighting the safety of these nanostructures towards mesenchymal stem cells.
    背景与目标: :纳米材料在间充质干细胞的操作和治疗中具有广阔的前景,因为它们可以调节其特性和分化。但是,必须进行系统研究以评估其潜在的毒理作用。本研究报告了乙二醇-壳聚糖包被的钛酸钡纳米粒子(BTNPs)在大鼠间充质干细胞(MSCs)上的生物相容性评估。 BTNPs是一类陶瓷系统,由于其独特的介电和压电特性,它们在生物学应用中具有有趣的功能。使用特定的测定法定量和定性评估孵育5天(浓度在0-100μg/ ml范围内)的生存力。相互作用细胞/纳米颗粒的进一步研究包括细胞骨架构象分析,SEM和TEM成像以及AFM分析。最后,在高剂量的BTNPs的存在下,脂肪细胞和骨细胞的分化得以实现,从而突显了这些纳米结构对间充质干细胞的安全性。
  • 【代谢谱分析揭示了由二氧化钛纳米颗粒诱导的小鼠成纤维细胞碳水化合物代谢紊乱。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1002/jat.2808 复制DOI
    作者列表:Jin C,Liu Y,Sun L,Chen T,Zhang Y,Zhao A,Wang X,Cristau M,Wang K,Jia W
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :As titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles are widely used commercially, their potential biosafety and metabolic mechanism needs to be fully explained. In this study, the cytotoxicity of homogeneous and weakly aggregated (< 100 nm) TiO(2) nanoparticles was investigated by analyzing the changes in metabolite profiles both in mouse fibroblast (L929) cells and their corresponding culture media using gas chromatograph with a time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS)-based metabolomic strategy. With multivariate statistics analysis, satisfactory separations were observed in principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models. Based on the variable importance in the OPLS-DA models, a series of differential metabolites were identified by comparison between TiO(2) nanoparticle-treated L929 cells or their corresponding culture media and the control groups. It was found that the major biochemical metabolism (carbohydrate metabolism) was suppressed in TiO(2) nanoparticle-treated L929 cells and their corresponding culture media. These results might account for the serious damage to energy metabolism in mitochondria and the increased cellular oxidation stress in TiO(2) nanoparticle-induced L929 cells. These results also suggest that the metabolomic strategy had a great potential in evaluating the cytotoxicity of TiO(2) nanoparticles and thus was very helpful in understanding its underlying molecular mechanisms.
    背景与目标: :由于二氧化钛(TiO(2))纳米颗粒广泛用于商业用途,因此需要充分说明其潜在的生物安全性和代谢机理。在这项研究中,通过使用气相色谱仪分析小鼠成纤维细胞(L929)及其相应培养基中代谢物谱的变化,并使用气相色谱仪对时间和时间进行了分析,研究了均质和弱聚集的(<100 nm)TiO(2)纳米颗粒的细胞毒性。飞行质谱(GC / TOFMS)的代谢组学策略。通过多变量统计分析,在主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型中观察到令人满意的分离。基于OPLS-DA模型中的可变重要性,通过比较TiO(2)纳米粒子处理过的L929细胞或它们相应的培养基与对照组之间的差异,可以鉴定出一系列差异代谢产物。发现在TiO(2)纳米粒子处理的L929细胞及其相应的培养基中,主要的生化代谢(碳水化合物代谢)受到抑制。这些结果可能解释了线粒体中能量代谢的严重损害以及TiO(2)纳米颗粒诱导的L929细胞中细胞氧化应激的增加。这些结果还表明,代谢组学策略在评估TiO(2)纳米颗粒的细胞毒性方面具有巨大潜力,因此对于理解其潜在的分子机制非常有帮助。
  • 【三种标记的二氧化硅纳米粒子在多孔介质中的传输实验中用作示踪剂的比较。第一部分:合成与表征。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.031 复制DOI
    作者列表:Vitorge E,Szenknect S,Martins JM,Barthès V,Auger A,Renard O,Gaudet JP
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The synthesis and the characterization of three kinds of labeled silica nanoparticles were performed. Three different labeling strategies were investigated: fluorescent organic molecule (FITC) embedded in silica matrix, heavy metal core (Ag(0)) and radioactive core ((110m)Ag) surrounded by a silica shell. The main properties and the suitability of each kind of labeled nanoparticle in terms of size, surface properties, stability, detection limits, and cost were determined and compared regarding its use for transport studies. Fluorescent labeling was found the most convenient and the cheapest, but the best detection limits were reached with chemical (Ag(0)) and radio-labeled ((110m)Ag) nanoparticles, which also allowed nondestructive quantifications. This work showed that the choice of labeled nanoparticles as surrogates of natural colloids or manufactured nanoparticles strongly depends on the experimental conditions, especially the concentration and amount required, the composition of the effluent, and the timescale of the experiment.
    背景与目标: :进行了三种标记二氧化硅纳米粒子的合成与表征。研究了三种不同的标记策略:嵌入硅胶基质中的荧光有机分子(FITC),重金属核(Ag(0))和被硅胶壳包围的放射性核((110m)Ag)。确定了每种标记纳米粒子的主要性质和适用性,包括尺寸,表面性质,稳定性,检测限度和成本,并就其在运输研究中的用途进行了比较。荧光标记被发现是最方便,最便宜的方法,但是化学(Ag(0))和放射性标记的((110m)Ag)纳米颗粒达到了最佳的检测限,这也允许无损定量。这项工作表明,选择标记的纳米颗粒作为天然胶体替代物还是人造纳米颗粒,在很大程度上取决于实验条件,尤其是所需的浓度和量,流出物的组成以及实验的时间规模。
  • 【双重功能基质金属蛋白酶响应姜黄素负载纳米颗粒用于肿瘤靶向治疗。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/10717544.2019.1676843 复制DOI
    作者列表:Guo F,Fu Q,Jin C,Ji X,Yan Q,Yang Q,Wu D,Gao Y,Hong W,Li A,Yang G
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The limitations of anticancer drugs, including poor tumor targeting and weak uptake efficiency, are important factors affecting tumor therapy. According to characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, in this study, we aimed to synthesize matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-responsive curcumin (Cur)-loaded nanoparticles (Cur-P-NPs) based on amphiphilic block copolymer (MePEG-peptide-PET-PCL) with MMP-cleavable peptide (GPLGIAGQ) and penetrating peptide (r9), modified to improve tumor targeting and cellular uptake. The average size of Cur-P-NPs was 176.9 nm, with a zeta potential of 8.1 mV, and they showed drug entrapment efficiency and a loading capacity of 87.07% ± 0.63% and 7.44% ± 0.16%, respectively. Furthermore, Cur release from Cur-P-NPs was sustained for 144 h at pH 7.4, and the release rate was accelerated under enzyme reaction condition. The MTT assay demonstrated that free P-NPs had favorable biosafety, and the anti-proliferative activity of Cur-P-NPs was positively correlated with Cur concentration in MCF-7 cells. Additionally, the results of cellular uptake, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution showed that Cur-P-NPs had a good effect on cellular uptake and tumor targeting, resulting in the best bioavailability in tumor therapy. Therefore, Cur-P-NPs, as a promising drug delivery system, might lead to a new and efficient route for targeted therapy in clinical practice.
    背景与目标: :抗癌药的局限性包括不良的肿瘤靶向性和较弱的摄取效率,是影响肿瘤治疗的重要因素。根据肿瘤微环境的特征,本研究旨在基于两亲嵌段共聚物(MePEG-Peptide-PET-PCL)合成基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)响应姜黄素(Cur)负载的纳米颗粒(Cur-P-NPs)。 ),可修饰MMP裂解肽(GPLGIAGQ)和穿透肽(r9),以改善肿瘤靶向性和细胞摄取。 Cur-P-NPs的平均大小为176.9 nm,ζ电位为8.1 mV,显示出药物的包封率和载药量分别为87.07%±0.63%和7.44%±0.16%。此外,在pH 7.4下,Cur-P-NPs的Cur释放持续了144 wash,并且在酶反应条件下加速了释放速率。 MTT分析表明,游离的P-NP具有良好的生物安全性,Cur-P-NP的抗增殖活性与MCF-7细胞中的Cur浓度呈正相关。另外,细胞摄取,体内药代动力学和生物分布的结果表明,Cur-P-NPs对细胞摄取和肿瘤靶向具有良好的作用,从而在肿瘤治疗中产生了最佳的生物利用度。因此,Cur-P-NP作为一种有前途的药物递送系统,可能会为临床实践中的靶向治疗带来新的有效途径。
  • 【载有阿霉素的PLGA纳米颗粒用于胶质母细胞瘤的化学疗法:药物开发。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118733 复制DOI
    作者列表:
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Brain delivery of drugs by nanoparticles is a promising strategy that could open up new possibilities for the chemotherapy of brain tumors. As demonstrated in previous studies, the loading of doxorubicin in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles coated with poloxamer 188 (Dox-PLGA) enabled the brain delivery of this cytostatic that normally cannot penetrate across the blood-brain barrier in free form. The Dox-PLGA nanoparticles produced a very considerable anti-tumor effect against the intracranial 101.8 glioblastoma in rats, thus representing a promising candidate for the chemotherapy of brain tumors that warrants clinical evaluation. The objective of the present study, therefore, was the optimization of the Dox-PLGA formulation and the development of a pilot scale manufacturing process. Optimization of the preparation procedure involved the alteration of the technological parameters such as replacement of the particle stabilizer PVA 30-70 kDa with a presumably safer low molecular mass PVA 9-10 kDa as well as the modification of the external emulsion medium and the homogenization conditions. The optimized procedure enabled an increase of the encapsulation efficiency from 66% to >90% and reduction of the nanoparticle size from 250 nm to 110 nm thus enabling the sterilization by membrane filtration. The pilot scale process was characterized by an excellent reproducibility with very low inter-batch variations. The in vitro hematotoxicity of the nanoparticles was negligible at therapeutically relevant concentrations. The anti-tumor efficacy of the optimized formulation and the ability of the nanoparticles to penetrate into the intracranial tumor and normal brain tissue were confirmed by in vivo experiments.
    背景与目标: :纳米粒子脑部给药是一种很有前途的策略,可以为脑肿瘤化疗开辟新的可能性。如先前的研究所示,阿霉素在涂有泊洛沙姆188(Dox-PLGA)的聚(丙交酯-共-乙交酯)纳米颗粒中的负载量使这种细胞抑制剂能够以大脑的形式传递,而后者通常无法以自由形式穿透血脑屏障。 Dox-PLGA纳米粒子对大鼠颅内101.8胶质母细胞瘤产生了非常显着的抗肿瘤作用,因此代表了有希望进行临床评估的脑肿瘤化学疗法的有希望的候选者。因此,本研究的目的是优化Dox-PLGA配方并开发中试规模的制造工艺。制备程序的优化涉及改变工艺参数,例如用可能更安全的低分子量PVA 9-10kDa代替颗粒稳定剂PVA 30-70kDa,以及外部乳液介质的改性和均质化条件。优化的程序可以将包封效率从66%提高到> 90%,并将纳米颗粒的尺寸从250nm减小到110nm,从而可以通过膜过滤进行灭菌。中试规模工艺的特点是具有出色的重现性,并且批间差异非常小。在治疗相关浓度下,纳米粒子的体外血液毒性可忽略不计。通过体内实验证实了优化制剂的抗肿瘤功效以及纳米颗粒渗透入颅内肿瘤和正常脑组织的能力。
  • 【一种基于ssDNA适体和金纳米颗粒的快速,简便,灵敏的检测含His标签的几丁质酶的方法。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127230 复制DOI
    作者列表:Cao Z,Wang S,Liu Z,Xue C,Mao X
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Chitooligosaccharides are oligosaccharides with many biological activities that can be used in food production for sweeteners, preservatives and humectants, among other products. Chitin, a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine and a derivative of glucose, can be hydrolyzed by applying chitinase to break down glycosidic bonds to form chitooligosaccharides. Chitinases arising from heterologous gene expression are usually linked to a 6 × His-tag to facilitate easy purification. Heterologously expressed chitinase linked to a 6 × His-tag is a transgenic element, but enzyme activity tests cannot be used to distinguish transgenic elements from natural elements. In this study, we established a rapid and easy method to detect His-tag-containing chitinase using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ssDNA aptamers. Using this method, His-tag-containing chitinase could be detected at concentrations as low as 0.136 nM within 5 min. Color changes of AuNPs showed a positive correlation with His-tag-containing chitinase concentrations.
    背景与目标: :壳寡糖是具有许多生物活性的寡糖,可用于食品生产中的甜味剂,防腐剂和保湿剂等产品。几丁质是一种N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖的长链聚合物,是葡萄糖的衍生物,可通过应用几丁质酶分解糖苷键形成壳寡糖来水解。异源基因表达产生的几丁质酶通常与6×His标签相连,以方便纯化。与6×His-tag连接的异源几丁质酶是一种转基因元件,但是酶活性测试不能用于区分转基因元件和天然元件。在这项研究中,我们建立了一种快速,简便的方法,使用金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)和ssDNA适体来检测含His标签的几丁质酶。使用这种方法,可以在5分钟内以低至0.136nM的浓度检测到含His-tag的几丁质酶。 AuNPs的颜色变化与含His标签的几丁质酶浓度呈正相关。
  • 【体内氧化铁Fe3O4纳米颗粒与肺泡巨噬细胞的相互作用。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s10517-012-1593-z 复制DOI
    作者列表:Katsnelson BA,Privalova LI,Sutunkova MP,Tulakina LG,Pichugova SV,Beykin JB,Khodos MJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Aqueous suspension of magnetite nanoparticles with primary diameter of 10 nm were intratracheally administered into rat lungs. In 24 h, cells were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage and examined under a transmission electron microscope. Alveolar macrophages demonstrated ability to actively uptake single nanoparticles and small aggregates composed of such particles, which then formed larger conglomerates inside fused phagosomes. Some of these mature phagosomes shed the membrane and free nanoparticles closely interacted with nuclear membrane and with cristae and mitochondrial membranes thereby inflicting pronounced damage to these intracellular structures. The loss of primary lysosomes can be viewed as indirect evidence attesting to the role played by diffusion of lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes in the final destruction of the alveolar macrophages provoked by nanoparticles.
    背景与目标: :将气管内施用初级直径为10 nm的磁铁矿纳米颗粒的水悬浮液注入大鼠肺中。在24小时内,从支气管肺泡灌洗液中分离细胞,并在透射电子显微镜下检查。肺泡巨噬细胞显示出能够主动摄取单个纳米颗粒和由此类颗粒组成的小聚集体的能力,然后这些小聚集体会在融合的吞噬体内形成较大的团块。这些成熟的吞噬体中的一些脱落了膜,游离的纳米颗粒与核膜以及cr和线粒体膜紧密相互作用,从而对这些细胞内结构造成了明显的破坏。初级溶酶体的损失可被视为间接证据,证明溶酶体水解酶的扩散在纳米颗粒引起的肺泡巨噬细胞的最终破坏中发挥了作用。
  • 【探索多西紫杉醇棕榈酸酯及其固体脂质纳米颗粒,作为减轻对多药耐药性的关注的新选择。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119088 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kaushik L,Srivastava S,Panjeta A,Chaudhari D,Ghadi R,Kuche K,Malik R,Preet S,Jain S,Raza K
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Docetaxel (DTX), a widely prescribed anticancer agent, is now associated with increased instances of multidrug resistance. Also, being a problematic BCS class IV drug, it poses challenges for the formulators. Henceforth, it was envisioned to synthesize an analogue of DTX with a biocompatible lipid, i.e., palmitic acid. The in-silico studies (molecular docking and simulation) inferred lesser binding of docetaxel palmitate (DTX-PL) with P-gp vis-à-vis DTX and paclitaxel, indicating it to be a poor substrate for P-gp efflux. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of the conjugate were prepared using various lipids, viz. palmitic acid, stearic acid, cetyl palmitate and glyceryl monostearate. The characterization studies for the nanocarrier were performed for the surface charge, drug payload, micromeritics, release pattern of drug and surface morphology. From the cytotoxicity assays on resistant MCF-7 cells, it was established that the new analogue offered substantially decreased IC50 to that of DTX. Further, apoptosis assay also corroborated the results obtained in IC50 determination wherein, SA-SLNs showed the highest apoptotic index than free DTX. The conjugate not only enhanced the solubility but also offered lower plasma protein binding and improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effect for DTX loaded SA-SLNs in apt animal models, and lower affinity to P-gp efflux. The studies provide preliminary evidence and a ray of hope for a better candidate in its nano version for safer and effective cancer chemotherapy.
    背景与目标: :多西他赛(DTX)是一种广泛使用的抗癌药,现在与多药耐药性增加有关。另外,作为有问题的BCS IV类药物,它对配方设计师提出了挑战。今后,可以设想与生物相容性脂质即棕榈酸合成DTX的类似物。硅内研究(分子对接和模拟)推断多西他赛棕榈酸酯(DTX-PL)与P-gp相对于DTX和紫杉醇的结合较少,表明它是P-gp外排的不良底物。使用各种脂质制备缀合物的固体脂质纳米颗粒(SLN)。棕榈酸,硬脂酸,棕榈酸十六烷基酯和单硬脂酸甘油酯。进行了纳米载体的表征研究,包括表面电荷,药物有效载荷,微分子论,药物释放模式和表面形态。从对抗性MCF-7细胞的细胞毒性试验中可以确定,新的类似物提供的IC50较DTX大大降低。此外,凋亡测定法也证实了在IC 50测定中获得的结果,其中SA-SLNs显示出比游离DTX最高的凋亡指数。该缀合物不仅提高了溶解度,而且还提供了较低的血浆蛋白结合力,并在适合的动物模型中改善了载有DTX的SA-SLN的药代动力学和药效学作用,并降低了对P-gp外排的亲和力。这些研究提供了初步的证据,并为在纳米版本中获得更安全,有效的癌症化学疗法的更好的候选药物带来了一线希望。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录