• 【尿布中粪便的存在是使用节肢动物发育率估算死后间隔的潜在错误来源。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Goff ML,Charbonneau S,Sullivan W
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Second instar larvae of the fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera, Calliphoridae) were recovered from the diapers of a 16-month-old child abandoned by her mother on Oahu, Hawaii. The development of these larvae indicated a minimum period of 23.5 h of exposure prior to discovery of the child. Larvae of this species of fly are not normally associated with living tissues in Hawaii, but rather with feces and remains during the early stages of decomposition. Had the child in this case died and data not been provided detailing the site of infestation, the postmortem interval estimated would have been significantly longer than was actually the case, because of the development of the larvae inside the diapers of the living child. The need for caution in cases involving deaths of infants, the elderly, and individuals not capable of caring for themselves is stressed.
    背景与目标: :蝇蝇(Chrysomya megacephala,Diptera,Calliphoridae)的第二龄幼虫是从一个被母亲遗弃在夏威夷瓦胡岛的16个月大婴儿的尿布中回收的。这些幼虫的发育表明在发现孩子之前最短的暴露时间为23.5小时。这种蝇类的幼虫通常与夏威夷的生物组织无关,而与分解初期的粪便和残骸有关。如果在这种情况下该儿童死亡,并且未提供详细的侵染地点的数据,则估计的死后间隔时间将比实际情况长得多,这是因为活着的儿童尿布内的幼虫发育所致。强调了在涉及婴儿,老人和无能力照顾自己的人死亡的案件中需要谨慎的做法。
  • 【用两个实验性的橄榄研磨厂废料混合物改良橄榄果园:对土壤有机碳,植物生长和产量的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.048 复制DOI
    作者列表:Altieri R,Esposito A
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Amendments of olive orchard soil with two different preparations of olive mill solid waste (OMWMs) at the rate of 9tonha(-1) per year for five years in two different plots were compared with an industry standard soil amendment using urea. Both the OMWMs amendments showed significant increases in total organic carbon and humic substances in soil of approximately 40% and 58%, respectively, without negative effects on tree growth and yield. This work has shown that olive oil mill waste (OMW) can be recycled safely using the bioremediation system used in this study. We suggest that this system is particularly beneficial to organic farming and is an alternative solution to direct spreading of raw OMW on farm lands.
    背景与目标: :在两种不同的土地上,以每年9tonha(-1)的速率在两种不同的土地上对两种不同的橄榄磨固体废物(OMWMs)进行的橄榄果园土壤改良,与使用尿素的工业标准土壤改良剂进行了比较。两项OMWM修正案均显示土壤中的总有机碳和腐殖质分别显着增加了约40%和58%,而对树木的生长和产量没有负面影响。这项工作表明,使用本研究中使用的生物修复系统可以安全地回收橄榄油厂废料(OMW)。我们建议该系统特别有利于有机耕作,是直接将原始OMW散布在农田上的替代解决方案。
  • 【IsoAid ADVANTAGE 103Pd近距离放射治疗源的蒙特卡洛剂量学表征。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1120/jacmp.v8i2.2393 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sowards KT
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :For roughly 25 years, 125I and 103Pd sources have been used in the treatment of various malignant diseases such as prostate cancer. Various new sources have been marketed and produced to meet the demand for new sources to use in treatment. Recently, IsoAID LLC created the ADVANTAGE 103Pd source. Various dosimetric parameters must be determined to facilitate treatment planning using this source. Theoretical determination of dosimetric characteristics, dose rate constant, radial dose function, and anisotropy function for this new source followed the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group 43U1 recommendations. Theoretical calculations were performed in liquid water using the PTRAN Monte Carlo code version 7.44. The radial dose function of the new source was calculated in liquid water at distances up to 10.0 cm, and the anisotropy function, at distances ranging from 0.5 cm to 7.0 cm. The anisotropy factors and anisotropy constant were derived from the anisotropy function. The results in water indicate that the dose rate constant is 0.709 +/- 0.014 cGy x h-1 x U-1 and that the anisotropy constant is 0.880 +/- 0.040. The dosimetric characteristics of this new source compare favorably with those of other commercially available 103Pd sources.
    背景与目标: :大约25年以来,125I和103Pd来源已用于治疗各种恶性疾病,例如前列腺癌。已经销售和生产了各种新来源,以满足对用于治疗的新来源的需求。最近,IsoAID LLC创建了ADVANTAGE 103Pd源。必须确定各种剂量参数,以利于使用该源进行治疗计划。理论上确定该新来源的剂量特性,剂量率常数,径向剂量函数和各向异性函数的方法是遵循美国医学物理学会(AAPM)任务组43U1的建议。理论计算是在液态水中使用PTRAN蒙特卡罗代码7.44版进行的。新源的径向剂量函数是在液态水中最远10.0 cm处计算的,各向异性函数是在0.5 cm至7.0 cm范围内的距离计算的。各向异性因子和各向异性常数是从各向异性函数导出的。在水中的结果表明,剂量率常数为0.709 /-0.014 cGy x h-1 x U-1,各向异性常数为0.880 /-0.040。这种新来源的剂量学特征与其他市售103Pd来源的剂量学特征相比具有优势。
  • 【血红素加氧酶1生成的一氧化碳和胆绿素减弱了实验性坏死性胰腺炎的病程。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1097/MPA.0b013e318264cc8b 复制DOI
    作者列表:Nuhn P,Mitkus T,Ceyhan GO,Künzli BM,Bergmann F,Fischer L,Giese N,Friess H,Berberat PO
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is highly up-regulated in acute pancreatitis (AP). In this study, we tested its metabolites as potential therapeutic agents for AP in rats. METHODS:Acute necrotizing pancreatitis was induced by retrograde intraductal injection of sodium taurocholate in rats. Biliverdin hydrochloride (BV HCl) (50 μmol/kg subcutaneously), the carbon monoxide, donor methylene chloride (MC) (500 mg/kg orally), or iron-chelating desferrioxamine (DFO) (125 mg/kg subcutaneously) were administered in a therapeutic manner starting with the first dose 4 hours after taurocholate injection to mimic the effects of HO-1 metabolites. RESULTS:Administration of BV HCl, MC, or DFO showed significant reduction of inflammatory activity in comparison to controls leading to lower myeloperoxidase activity in the pancreas, less edema, lower ascites volumes, and preservation of tissue integrity (P < 0.05). Administration of either BV HCl or MC markedly increased 5-day survival rate (70% and 75% vs 40%; P < 0.05), whereas DFO had no significant effect on survival (60%). When given in therapeutic manner, all 3 substances led to diminished nuclear factor κB activity in the pancreas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic use of BV HCl and MC led to marked reduction of mortality in experimental pancreatitis. Thus, HO-1 metabolites may present a novel therapeutic approach in AP treatment.
    背景与目标: 目的:细胞保护酶血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)在急性胰腺炎(AP)中高度上调。在这项研究中,我们测试了其代谢物作为大鼠AP的潜在治疗剂。
    方法:逆行导管内注射牛磺胆酸钠可诱发急性坏死性胰腺炎。皮下注射盐酸Biliverdin(BV HCl)(50μmol/ kg),皮下注射一氧化碳,施主二氯甲烷(MC)(500 mg / kg)或铁螯合去铁胺(DFO)(125 mg / kg)。从牛磺胆酸盐注射后4小时的第一剂开始,以模拟HO-1代谢产物的作用。
    结果:与对照组相比,BV HCl,MC或DFO的给药显示出炎性活性显着降低,从而导致胰腺中的髓过氧化物酶活性降低,水肿减少,腹水量减少以及组织完整性得到保护(P <0.05)。 BV HCl或MC的给药显着提高了5天生存率(70%和75%对40%; P <0.05),而DFO对生存期无显着影响(60%)。当以治疗方式给予时,所有这三种物质均导致胰腺中核因子κB活性降低(P <0.05)。
    结论:BV HCl和MC的治疗性使用可显着降低实验性胰腺炎的死亡率。因此,HO-1代谢物可能为AP治疗提供一种新颖的治疗方法。
  • 【在短暂暴露于大气中的14CO2排放后,碳14转移到马铃薯植物中:观察和模型预测。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.08.005 复制DOI
    作者列表:Melintescu A,Galeriu D,Tucker S,Kennedy P,Siclet F,Yamamoto K,Uchida S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :To improve the understanding of the environmental (14)C behaviour, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated a Tritium and C-14 Working Group (T&C WG) in its EMRAS (Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety) programme. One of the scenarios developed in the frame of T&C WG involved the prediction of time dependent (14)C concentrations in potato plants. The experimental data used in the scenario were obtained from a study in which potatoes (Solanum tuberosum cv. Romano) were exposed to atmospheric (14)CO(2) in a wind tunnel. The observations were used to test models that predict temporal changes in (14)C concentrations in leaves at each sampling time for each experiment and (14)C concentrations in tubers at the final harvest of each experiment. The experimental data on (14)C dynamics in leaves are poorly reproduced by most of the models, but the predicted concentrations in tubers are in good agreement with the observations.
    背景与目标: :为了增进对环境(14)C行为的了解,国际原子能机构(IAEA)在其EMRAS(辐射安全环境建模)计划中协调了一个t和C-14工作组(T&C WG)。在T&C WG框架中开发的一种情况涉及对马铃薯植物中随时间变化的(14)C浓度的预测。该场景中使用的实验数据来自一项研究,该研究将马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum cv。Romano)暴露在风洞中的大气(14)CO(2)中。这些观察值用于测试预测每个实验每个采样时间叶片中(14)C浓度和每个实验最终收获期块茎中(14)C浓度随时间变化的模型。大多数模型均无法很好地再现叶片中(14)C动力学的实验数据,但预计块茎中的浓度与观测值非常吻合。
  • 【pH敏感的两性电解质纳米凝胶:包含碳纳米管,可改善药物载量。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.07.046 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sankar RM,Seeni Meera KM,Samanta D,Jithendra P,Mandal AB,Jaisankar SN
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We report a simple and facile method to prepare a novel pH sensitive polyampholyte nanogel by copolymerizing vinylimidazole (VIM) with acrylic acid (AA) using functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) (as reinforcing material) and cyanuric chloride via an intermolecular quaternization reaction. The polyampholyte nanogels have been characterized by various microscopic and spectroscopic methods. These studies reveal that incorporation of nanotubes in cross-linked copolymer of poly(vinylimidazole-co-acrylic acid) (PVI-co-AA) form polyampholyte nanogel with enhanced physical properties. The thermal experiments show that the introduction of f-SWCNTs into PVI-co-AA has significant impact on the thermal stability of nanogels. The rheological study showed that the nanogel is more viscoelastic than native gel. MTT assay indicates that the prepared polyampholyte gels possess biocompatibility and cell viability. The nanogel is also useful material to load water-soluble drug such as promethazine hydrochloride. The releasing profile of the drug from the nanogel clearly shows the pH-sensitive property of the material.
    背景与目标: :我们报告了一种简单易行的方法,该方法通过使用功能化的单壁碳纳米管(f-SWCNTs)(作为增强材料)和氰尿酰氯通过共聚乙烯基咪唑(VIM)与丙烯酸(AA)来制备新型pH敏感的聚两性电解质纳米凝胶。分子间季铵化反应。聚两性电解质纳米凝胶已经通过各种显微镜和光谱方法表征。这些研究表明,将纳米管并入聚(乙烯基咪唑-丙烯酸)(PVI-co-AA)的交联共聚物中可形成具有增强物理性能的聚两性电解质纳米凝胶。热实验表明,将f-SWCNTs引入PVI-co-AA对纳米凝胶的热稳定性有重大影响。流变学研究表明,纳米凝胶比天然凝胶更具粘弹性。 MTT分析表明,所制备的两性凝胶具有生物相容性和细胞活力。纳米凝胶也是用于加载水溶性药物如盐酸异丙嗪的有用材料。药物从纳米凝胶的释放曲线清楚地表明了该材料的pH敏感特性。
  • 【造纸厂基于污泥的颗粒状活性炭填料,用于流化床生物反应器(FBBR)。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1080/09593330.2011.643318 复制DOI
    作者列表:Li Y,Yue Q,Qi Y,Li W,Zhao H,Zhao Y,Du J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Paper mill sludge (PMS) was utilized to prepare granular activated carbon (GAC) fillers for fluidized-bed bioreactor (FBBR) through stream activation. The properties of the PMS were tested and the optimum conditions for the production process were determined. Then, the GAC fillers were used in the FBBR to investigate the capacity for wastewater treatment. The results showed that the optimal conditions were: carbonization temperature of 450 degrees C, carbonization time of 50 min, activation temperature of 800 degrees C and activation time of 60 min. The specific surface area of the GAC fillers was 130 m2/g and the grain density was 1.34 x 10(3) kg/m3. The wastewater treatment results showed that after40 days ofrunning, under the conditions of influent COD of 800 mg/L and HRT of2 h, the COD removal efficiency was about 90%, which demonstrated that PMS-based GAC fillers were feasible for FBBR.
    背景与目标: :造纸厂污泥(PMS)用于通过流活化制备用于流化床生物反应器(FBBR)的颗粒状活性炭(GAC)填料。测试了PMS的性能,并确定了生产过程的最佳条件。然后,将GAC填料用于FBBR,以研究废水处理能力。结果表明,最佳条件为:碳化温度为450℃,碳化时间为50 min,活化温度为800℃,活化时间为60 min。 GAC填料的比表面积为130 m2 / g,颗粒密度为1.34 x 10(3)kg / m3。废水处理结果表明,运行40天后,在进水COD为800 mg / L,HRT为2 h的条件下,COD去除率约为90%,这表明基于PMS的GAC填料可用于FBBR。
  • 【胎儿内侧中脑:多巴胺神经元移植的首选来源。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1097/00001756-199707070-00032 复制DOI
    作者列表:Costantini LC,Lin L,Isacson O
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: Currently, fetal tissue transplantation into patients with Parkinson's disease utilizes the entire ventral mesencephalon (VM) as donor tissue. However, the resulting mixture of cell types contains a relatively low proportion of therapeutically relevant dopamine (DA) neurons. We show that differential dissection of a medial region of embryonic day 14 rat VM yields a significantly higher proportion of DA neurons (8-10%) than is found in lateral VM (2%) or whole VM (4-5%). Medial VM also contained a larger number of the specific subpopulation of DA neurons (aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive; AHD) that project to dorsolateral motor region of the striatum. Selective dissection of fetal medial VM selectively enriches DA neurons in cell preparations useful for transplantation in Parkinson's disease.

    背景与目标: 当前,将胎儿组织移植到帕金森氏病患者中是利用整个腹侧中脑(VM)作为供体组织。但是,所得的细胞类型混合物包含相对较低比例的治疗相关多巴胺(DA)神经元。我们显示胚胎第14天大鼠VM内侧区域的差异解剖产生的DA神经元比例(8-10%)比外侧VM(2%)或整个VM(4-5%)高得多。内侧VM还包含大量投射到纹状体背外侧运动区的DA神经元的特定亚群(醛脱氢酶阳性; AHD)。胎儿内侧VM的选择性解剖在可用于帕金森氏病移植的细胞制剂中选择性富集DA神经元。

  • 【肾上腺的神经支配。二。豚鼠肾上腺的脊髓传入神经纤维的来源。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mohamed AA,Parker TL,Coupland RE
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The sensory innervation of the guinea-pig adrenal medulla was studied using the fluorescent retrograde tracer Fast Blue. Labelled neurons were found in the dorsal root ganglia at segments T3-L2, the greatest contribution arising from T10 representing 15.2% of the total number of labelled cells. Labelling was ipsilateral to the site of injection of tracer into the adrenal medulla and the labelled neurons ranged in size between 6 and 36 microns. The overall size distribution fell into two groups of between 6 and 15 microns and of between 18 and 36 microns. Presumed sensory nerve endings were found in the adrenal medulla associated with chromaffin cells and vascular elements. The nerve endings were ovoid to spherical and densely packed with mitochondria. It is concluded that events occurring in the guinea-pig adrenal medulla, and possibly cortex, are monitored by sensory nerve terminals whose cell bodies lie within dorsal root ganglia. The exact distribution of the sensory nerve terminals within the adrenal gland is yet to be determined.
    背景与目标: :使用荧光逆行示踪剂Fast Blue研究了豚鼠肾上腺髓质的感觉神经。在背根神经节的T3-L2段发现了标记的神经元,T10产生的最大贡献占标记细胞总数的15.2%。标记与示踪剂注入肾上腺髓质的部位同侧,标记的神经元大小在6到36微米之间。总体尺寸分布分为6到15微米和18到36微米之间的两组。在肾上腺髓质中发现推测的感觉神经末梢与嗜铬细胞和血管元素有关。神经末梢为卵球形至球形,线粒体密集。结论是,发生在豚鼠肾上腺髓质甚至皮质中的事件是由感觉神经末梢监测的,感觉神经末梢的细胞体位于背根神经节内。肾上腺内感觉神经末梢的确切分布尚待确定。
  • 【通过原子力显微镜研究的双链DNA和单壁碳纳米管的杂化体的表面形态。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.06.018 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hayashida T,Umemura K
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :We examined the formation of hybrids of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), which has not been well investigated yet. In particular, the adsorption of dsDNA onto SWNT produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was examined for the first time. When small amount of dsDNA was mixed with CVD SWNT, well dispersed hybrids with smooth surfaces were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Through a comparison of dsDNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), CVD SWNT, and high-pressure carbon monoxide process (HiPco) SWNT, we found that the surface morphology of the hybrids was independent of the DNA type. Even when sonicated salmon testes DNA, which has a random sequence and length, was employed, smooth surfaces were obtained on the dsDNA-CVD hybrids as well as on the ssDNA-CVD hybrids. The ratio of monodispersed SWNT and bundled SWNT in a dispersion solution was also not affected by the DNA type. In contrast, the quantity of the fabricated hybrids was affected by the types of DNA especially when HiPco SWNT was used. Our results indicated that characteristic features of the dsDNA-CVD hybrids and provide an enhanced understanding of the adsorption mechanism of dsDNA onto SWNTs.
    背景与目标: :我们研究了双链DNA(dsDNA)和单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)杂化物的形成,但尚未对此进行深入研究。特别地,首次检查了dsDNA在通过化学气相沉积(CVD)产生的SWNT上的吸附。当少量dsDNA与CVD SWNT混合时,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察到表面光滑且分散良好的杂种。通过比较dsDNA,单链DNA(ssDNA),CVD SWNT和高压一氧化碳工艺(HiPco)SWNT,我们发现杂种的表面形态与DNA类型无关。即使使用具有随机序列和长度的超声鲑鱼睾丸DNA,在dsDNA-CVD杂种以及ssDNA-CVD杂种上也可获得光滑的表面。分散液中单分散的SWNT和成束的SWNT的比例也不受DNA类型的影响。相反,所制备的杂种的数量受DNA类型的影响,尤其是在使用HiPco SWNT的情况下。我们的结果表明dsDNA-CVD杂化物的特征,并提供了对dsDNA吸附到SWNTs上的增强的理解。
  • 【碳源调节了光滑念珠菌生物膜细胞对氟康唑的转录反应。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/s41522-020-0114-5 复制DOI
    作者列表:Alves R,Kastora SL,Gomes-Gonçalves A,Azevedo N,Rodrigues CF,Silva S,Demuyser L,Van Dijck P,Casal M,Brown AJP,Henriques M,Paiva S
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Candida glabrata is an important human fungal pathogen known to trigger serious infections in immune-compromised individuals. Its ability to form biofilms, which exhibit high tolerance to antifungal treatments, has been considered as an important virulence factor. However, the mechanisms involving antifungal resistance in biofilms and the impact of host niche environments on these processes are still poorly defined. In this study, we performed a whole-transcriptome analysis of C. glabrata biofilm cells exposed to different environmental conditions and constraints in order to identify the molecular pathways involved in fluconazole resistance and understand how acidic pH niches, associated with the presence of acetic acid, are able to modulate these responses. We show that fluconazole treatment induces gene expression reprogramming in a carbon source and pH-dependent manner. This is particularly relevant for a set of genes involved in DNA replication, ergosterol, and ubiquinone biosynthesis. We also provide additional evidence that the loss of mitochondrial function is associated with fluconazole resistance, independently of the growth condition. Lastly, we propose that C. glabrata Mge1, a cochaperone involved in iron metabolism and protein import into the mitochondria, is a key regulator of fluconazole susceptibility during carbon and pH adaptation by reducing the metabolic flux towards toxic sterol formation. These new findings suggest that different host microenvironments influence directly the physiology of C. glabrata, with implications on how this pathogen responds to antifungal treatment. Our analyses identify several pathways that can be targeted and will potentially prove to be useful for developing new antifungals to treat biofilm-based infections.
    背景与目标: :Candida glabrata是一种重要的人类真菌病原体,已知会在免疫受损的个体中引发严重感染。它形成生物膜的能力被证明是重要的毒力因子,该生物膜对抗真菌治疗表现出很高的耐受性。但是,涉及生物膜抗真菌性的机制以及宿主生态位环境对这些过程的影响仍知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们对暴露于不同环境条件和限制条件下的光滑小球藻生物膜细胞进行了全转录组分析,以鉴定参与氟康唑耐药性的分子途径,并了解酸性pH壁ni与乙酸的存在如何相关,能够调节这些响应。我们显示氟康唑治疗诱导碳表达和pH依赖方式的基因表达重编程。这与涉及DNA复制,麦角固醇和泛醌生物合成的一组基因特别相关。我们还提供了其他证据,表明线粒体功能的丧失与氟康唑耐药性有关,而与生长条件无关。最后,我们提出C. glabrata Mge1,参与铁代谢和线粒体蛋白质进口的陪伴酮,是通过降低代谢通向有毒甾醇的通量来调节氟康唑对碳和pH的敏感性的关键调节剂。这些新发现表明,不同的宿主微环境直接影响了光滑念珠菌的生理,并对该病原体对抗真菌治疗的反应产生了影响。我们的分析确定了几种可靶向的途径,并可能被证明对开发新的抗真菌药以治疗基于生物膜的感染很有用。
  • 【内侧亚冠状突区域是正颌外科和基因成形术中骨移植的新来源。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1097/SCS.0000000000006163 复制DOI
    作者列表:Yao CF,Denadai R,Pascasio DCG,Chen YC,Chen YR
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: BACKGROUND:Since 2012, the authors have adopted the medial subcoronoid process bone interpositional grafting in OGS and genioplasty procedures. The purpose of this study was to present the technical details and clinical outcomes of this alternative bone interpositional grafting for LeFort I and chin osteotomies. METHODS:Consecutive patients (n = 50) who underwent single-splint bimaxillary OGS with or without genioplasty and received medial subcoronoid bone interpositional grafting were included. Standardized facial and intraoral photographs at early and late postoperative periods (12.2 ± 3.3 and 44.8 ± 8.4 months postsurgery, respectively) were blindly rated to assess facial symmetry, chin, and occlusion status based on qualitative rating scales. Complication and reoperation rates were also reviewed. RESULTS:The medial subcoronoid bone interpositional grafts were adopted to stabilize different LeFort I maxillary movement types or lengthening/advancing genioplasty (36 and 14 patients, respectively). Overall, the early facial symmetry, chin, and occlusion status were maintained at late evolutions. None of the patients had donor-site or bone graft-related complications (i.e., bad split, undesired mandible fracture, infection, fibrous union, nonunion, and/or permanent neurosensory deficit) or revisionary surgery during follow-up. CONCLUSION:The medial subcoronoid process bone grafting was a feasible alternative for bone interpositional defects of LeFort I and chin osteotomies with no significant morbidity and avoiding secondary donor sites.
    背景与目标: 背景:自2012年以来,作者已在OGS和基因成形术中采用了内侧冠状下突间植骨术。这项研究的目的是介绍LeFort I和下巴截骨术的这种替代性骨间植入术的技术细节和临床结果。
    方法:连续性单颌双颌OGS伴或不伴有基因成形术的患者(n = 50),并接受内侧冠状动脉下植骨植入术。术后早期和晚期(手术后分别为12.2±3.3和44.8±8.4)的标准化面部和口内照片被盲定,以基于定性等级量表评估面部对称性,下巴和闭塞状态。还审查了并发症和再次手术率。
    结果:内侧内侧冠状动脉间植骨用于稳定不同的LeFort I上颌运动类型或延长/推进基因成形术(分别为36和14例患者)。总体而言,早期的面部对称性,下巴和咬合状态一直保持到晚期。所有患者均未在随访期间发生供体部位或骨移植相关的并发症(即,严重的劈裂,下颌骨意外骨折,感染,纤维结合,骨不连和/或永久性神经感觉缺陷)或翻修手术。
    结论:内侧亚冠状突接植术是LeFort I和下巴截骨术的骨插入缺损的可行替代方法,无明显发病率,并且避免了继发供体部位。
  • 【一氧化碳与胱硫醚β-合酶的反应:对癌症化疗药物疗效的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.4155/fmc-2019-0266 复制DOI
    作者列表:Kawahara B,Sen S,Mascharak PK
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Photo-activatable carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules (photoCORMs), have recently provided help to identify the salutary effects of CO in human pathophysiology. Among them notable is the ability of CO to sensitize chemotherapeutic-resistant cancer cells. Findings from our group have shown CO to mitigate drug resistance in certain cancer cells by the inhibition of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), a key regulator of redox homeostasis in the cell. Diminution of the antioxidant capacity of cancer cells leads to sensitization to reactive oxygen species-producing drugs like doxorubicin and paclitaxel upon cotreatment with CO as well as in mitigating the drug effects of cisplatin. We hypothesize that the development of CO delivery techniques for coadministration with existing cancer treatment regimens may ultimately improve clinical outcomes in cancer therapy.
    背景与目标: :最近,光活化一氧化碳(CO)释放分子(photoCORM)提供了帮助来确定CO在人体病理生理学中的有益作用。其中值得注意的是CO使耐化学疗法的癌细胞敏化的能力。我们小组的研究结果显示,CO可通过抑制胱硫醚β-合酶(CBS)来减轻某些癌细胞的耐药性,CBS是细胞中氧化还原稳态的关键调节剂。癌细胞抗氧化能力的降低导致在与CO共同处理以及减轻顺铂的药物作用时对产生活性氧的药物如阿霉素和紫杉醇敏感。我们假设与现有的癌症治疗方案共同给药的CO递送技术的发展可能最终改善癌症治疗的临床结果。
  • 【模拟气候变化对伊朗建筑物的能源消耗和二氧化碳排放的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s40201-019-00406-6 复制DOI
    作者列表:Roshan G,Arab M,Klimenko V
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :In this study, it has been attempted to quantify model climate change effects of the coming decades on energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions of a dominant building brigade under hot and humid climates on the southern coast of Iran, based on three stations of Bushehr, Bandar Abbas and Chabahar. In this research, the Meteonorm and DesignBuilder software have been used for climate and thermal simulation of building. One of the results of this study is the increase in temperature and relative humidity for the coming decades for all three study stations. The findings of this study showed that the average annual temperature for the 2060s compared to the present decade, will increase by 2.82 °C for Bandar Abbas, by 2.79 °C for Bushehr and for Chabahar it will reach 2.14 °C. This increase in temperature has led to an increase in discomfort warmer days and a decrease in discomfort cold days. But given the climatic type of the area, a decrease in the heating energy demand for the coming decades will not have a significant effect on the pattern of energy consumption inside buildings. Because for two stations of Bandar Abbas and Chabahar, more than 95% of the energy demand for the 2060s is for cooling energy demand, which is about 80% of energy for Bushehr. In total, due to the increased demand for cooling energy in the coming decades, this will further increase carbon dioxide emissions, which is higher in Chabahar than in other study stations.
    背景与目标: :在这项研究中,根据布什尔(Bushehr)的三个观测站,试图对未来几十年气候变化对伊朗南部沿海湿热气候下一个主要建筑大队的能源需求和二氧化碳排放的模型影响进行量化,阿巴斯港(Bandar Abbas)和查巴哈尔(Chabahar)。在这项研究中,Meteonorm和DesignBuilder软件已用于建筑物的气候和热模拟。这项研究的结果之一是,所有三个研究站在未来几十年内的温度和相对湿度都将增加。这项研究的结果表明,与当前十年相比,2060年代的年均温度将使阿巴斯港的平均气温升高2.82°C,布什尔和查巴哈尔的平均气温将升高2.14°C。温度的升高导致不舒适的温暖天增加而不舒适的寒冷天减少。但是考虑到该地区的气候类型,未来几十年供暖能源需求的减少不会对建筑物内部的能源消耗方式产生重大影响。因为对于阿巴斯港(Bandar Abbas)和查巴哈尔(Chabahar)的两个站点,到2060年代,能源需求的95%以上是冷却能源需求,这大约是布什尔能源的80%。总体而言,由于未来几十年对冷却能源的需求不断增加,这将进一步增加二氧化碳排放量,查巴哈尔的二氧化碳排放量高​​于其他研究站。
  • 【进行等离子体沉积的功能化类金刚石碳涂层,以减少对泌尿外科植入物的结垢。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s00120-007-1451-1 复制DOI
    作者列表:Laube N,Kleinen L,Böde U,Fisang C,Meissner A,Bradenahl J,Syring I,Busch H,Pinkowski W,Müller SC
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The double-J stents used today for palliative artificial urinary diversion very often show extreme formation of encrustations, even a short time after implantation. Despite increased scientific material development, the complication rate has not really been strongly influenced. Grant-aided by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, we chose a new interdisciplinary and translational approach by coating standard stent materials with plasma-deposited amorphous diamond-like carbon. These stents show clearly reduced rates of encrustation in vitro. Ongoing clinical trials demonstrate a further enhancement of this effect in vivo. The underlying mechanisms are being investigated by extending the established in vitro model, thereby pushing research in this field to a new level.
    背景与目标: :如今,用于姑息性人工尿道改道的双J支架在植入后很短时间内经常表现出结壳的极端形成。尽管科学材料的发展有所增加,但并发症的发生率并没有受到很大的影响。在德国联邦教育和研究部的资助下,我们选择了一种新的跨学科和平移方法,即在等离子沉积的非晶态类金刚石碳上涂覆标准支架材料。这些支架在体外明显显示出降低的结壳率。正在进行的临床试验表明,这种作用在体内的进一步增强。正在通过扩展已建立的体外模型来研究其潜在机制,从而将这一领域的研究推向新的高度。

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