Everolimus is an orally available inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which has been approved in combination with exemestane for hormone receptor-positive (HR) breast cancer after failure of treatment with non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors. Everolimus is generally very well tolerated with most common side effects including stomatitis, rash, fatigue, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and myelosuppression. Most of these side effects are mild and resolve with dose interruptions or dose reductions. Symptomatic non-infectious pneumonitis is a relatively uncommon class effect of mTOR inhibitors, which can be life threatening. Given the efficacy of everolimus in HR-positive metastatic breast cancer, it is crucial for physicians to recognize toxicities related to everolimus and start timely interventions. This review will focus on the adverse events reported with everolimus in breast cancer trials and will provide practical guidelines for the management of these adverse events.

译文

依维莫司是哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 (mTOR) 的口服抑制剂,在非甾体芳香化酶抑制剂治疗失败后,已被批准与依西美坦联合用于激素受体阳性 (HR) 乳腺癌。依维莫司通常耐受性良好,最常见的副作用包括口腔炎,皮疹,乏力,高血糖,高脂血症和骨髓抑制。这些副作用大多数是轻微的,并且可以通过剂量中断或剂量减少来解决。症状性非感染性肺炎是mTOR抑制剂相对少见的一类效应,可能危及生命。鉴于依维莫司在HR阳性转移性乳腺癌中的疗效,医师必须认识到与依维莫司相关的毒性并开始及时的干预措施。这篇综述将重点关注依维莫司在乳腺癌试验中报告的不良事件,并将为这些不良事件的管理提供实用指南。

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