The membrane phosphoproteome in plant seed changes dynamically during embryo development. We examined the patterns of Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) seed membrane protein phosphorylation from the mid-maturation stage until two days after germination. Serine and threonine phosphorylation declined during seed maturation while tyrosine phosphorylation remained relatively constant. We discovered that the aquaporin PvTIP3;1 is the primary seed membrane phosphoprotein, and PvTIP3;2 shows a very low level of expression. The level of phosphorylated Ser7 in PvTIP3;1 increased four-fold after seed maturation. Since phosphorylation increases water channel activity, we infer that water transport by PvTIP3;1 is highest in dry and germinating seeds, which would be optimal for seed imbibition. By the use of isoform-specific, polyclonal peptide antibodies, we found that PvTIP3;2 is expressed in a developmental pattern similar to PvTIP3;1. Unexpectedly, PvTIP3;2 is tyrosine phosphorylated following seed maturation, which may suggest a mechanism for the regulation of PvTIP3;2 following seed germination. Analysis of protein secondary structure by circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that the amino-terminal domain of PvTIP3;1 is generally unstructured, and phosphorylation increases polyproline II (PPII) helical structure. The carboxy-terminal domain also gains PPII character, but in a pH-dependent manner. These structural changes are a first step to understand TIP3 aquaporin regulation.

译文

植物种子中的膜磷酸蛋白质组在胚胎发育过程中动态变化。我们检查了从成熟中期到发芽后两天的菜豆 (普通豆) 种子膜蛋白磷酸化的模式。种子成熟过程中丝氨酸和苏氨酸磷酸化下降,而酪氨酸磷酸化保持相对恒定。我们发现水通道蛋白PvTIP3;1是主要的种子膜磷蛋白,而PvTIP3;2显示出非常低的表达水平。PvTIP3中磷酸化Ser7的水平; 1在种子成熟后增加了四倍。由于磷酸化增加了水通道的活性,因此我们推断PvTIP3;1在干燥和发芽的种子中最高,这对于种子吸收是最佳的。通过使用同工型特异性的多克隆肽抗体,我们发现PvTIP3;2以类似于PvTIP3的发育模式表达; 1。出乎意料的是,PvTIP3;2在种子成熟后被酪氨酸磷酸化,这可能暗示了调节PvTIP3的机制; 2在种子发芽后。通过圆二色光谱对蛋白质二级结构的分析表明,PvTIP3;1的氨基末端结构域通常是非结构化的,并且磷酸化会增加polyproline II (PPII) 螺旋结构。羧基末端结构域也具有PPII特性,但具有pH依赖性。这些结构变化是了解TIP3水通道蛋白调控的第一步。

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