• 【呼吸道合胞病毒与宿主细胞之间的相互作用: 防病毒策略的机会?】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1017/S1462399406000081 复制DOI
    作者列表:Sugrue RJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :At the start of the 21st century, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a serious global health concern. Although RSV has traditionally been acknowledged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population, the elderly and people with suppressed immune systems are now also recognised as being at risk from serious RSV infection. This problem is currently exacerbated by the lack of an effective vaccine to prevent RSV infection. Although the virus proteins play a variety of roles during the virus replication cycle, in many cases these tasks are performed via specific interactions with host-cell factors, including proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. The way in which RSV interacts with the host cell is currently being examined using a battery of different techniques, which encompass several scientific disciplines. This is providing new and interesting insights into how RSV interacts with the host cell at the molecular level, which in turn is offering the hope of new strategies to prevent RSV infection.
    背景与目标: : 在21世纪开始时,呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 仍然是一个严重的全球健康问题。尽管传统上认为RSV是儿科人群发病率和死亡率的主要原因,但老年人和免疫系统受到抑制的人现在也被认为有严重RSV感染的风险。目前,由于缺乏有效的疫苗来预防RSV感染,这一问题更加严重。尽管病毒蛋白在病毒复制周期中起着多种作用,但在许多情况下,这些任务是通过与宿主细胞因子 (包括蛋白质,碳水化合物和脂质) 的特定相互作用来执行的。RSV与宿主细胞相互作用的方式目前正在使用一系列不同的技术进行检查,该技术涵盖了多个科学学科。这为RSV如何在分子水平上与宿主细胞相互作用提供了新的有趣的见解,这反过来又为预防RSV感染的新策略提供了希望。
  • 【25-羟基胆固醇在脂质代谢,抗病毒过程,炎症反应和细胞存活中的多种作用。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1155/2020/8893305 复制DOI
    作者列表:Cao Q,Liu Z,Xiong Y,Zhong Z,Ye Q
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :As an essential lipid, cholesterol is of great value in keeping cell homeostasis, being the precursor of bile acid and steroid hormones, and stabilizing membrane lipid rafts. As a kind of cholesterol metabolite produced by enzymatic or radical process, oxysterols have drawn much attention in the last decades. Among which, the role of 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) in cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, antivirus process, and inflammatory response has been largely disclosed. This review is aimed at revealing these functions and underlying mechanisms of 25-HC.
    背景与目标: : 作为一种必需的脂质,胆固醇在保持细胞稳态,胆汁酸和类固醇激素的前体以及稳定膜脂筏方面具有重要价值。作为一种通过酶促或自由基过程产生的胆固醇代谢产物,氧化甾醇在过去的几十年中引起了广泛的关注。其中,25-羟基胆固醇 (25-HC) 在胆固醇和胆汁酸代谢,抗病毒过程和炎症反应中的作用已被广泛公开。这篇综述旨在揭示25-hc的这些功能和潜在机制。
  • 3 Ion channels as antivirus targets. 复制标题 收藏 收藏

    【离子通道作为防病毒目标。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s12250-010-3136-y 复制DOI
    作者列表:Liang X,Li ZY
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Ion channels are membrane proteins that are found in a number of viruses and which are of crucial physiological importance in the viral life cycle. They have one common feature in that their action mode involves a change of electrochemical or proton gradient across the bilayer lipid membrane which modulates viral or cellular activity. We will discuss a group of viral channel proteins that belong to the viroproin family, and which participate in a number of viral functions including promoting the release of viral particles from cells. Blocking these channel-forming proteins may be "lethal", which can be a suitable and potential therapeutic strategy. In this review we discuss seven ion channels of viruses which can lead serious infections in human beings: M2 of influenza A, NB and BM2 of influenza B, CM2 of influenza C, Vpu of HIV-1, p7 of HCV and 2B of picornaviruses.
    背景与目标: 离子通道是在许多病毒中发现的膜蛋白,在病毒生命周期中具有至关重要的生理意义。它们有一个共同的特征,即它们的作用模式涉及跨双层脂质膜的电化学或质子梯度的变化,从而调节病毒或细胞活性。我们将讨论一组属于病毒体蛋白家族的病毒通道蛋白,它们参与许多病毒功能,包括促进病毒颗粒从细胞中释放。阻断这些通道形成蛋白可能是 “致命的”,这可能是一种合适且潜在的治疗策略。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了可导致人类严重感染的病毒的七个离子通道: 甲型流感的M2,乙型流感的NB和BM2,丙型流感的CM2,HIV-1的Vpu,HCV的p7和小核糖核酸病毒的2B。
  • 【病毒成分合成和抗病毒免疫过程中使用的遗传信息。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1038/206343a0 复制DOI
    作者列表:Mekler LB
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: -2
    背景与目标: -2
  • 【标准治疗失败后,重组抗肿瘤和抗病毒蛋白注射液与安慰剂相比在转移性结直肠癌中的II期研究。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0439 复制DOI
    作者列表:Jia R,Wang Y,Mao XY,Li SS,Xu N,Xiong JP,Shen L,Bai L,Liu W,Liu LJ,Ge FJ,Chen YL,Lin L,Xu JM
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: LESSONS LEARNED:Novaferon showed moderate efficacy and was well-tolerated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), especially with the 20 μg injected 3 times a week strategy.Although Novaferon did not provide a survival benefit for mCRC patients who have failed standard treatment, it may play a role in improvement of immune function. BACKGROUND:To observe the efficacy, safety, and optimal dosage of recombinant antitumor and antivirus protein (Novaferon) in treating patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who failed at least two prior palliative regimens. METHODS:We enrolled 108 patients from May 2011 to December 2012. According to different treatment modalities and therapeutic dosages, the participants were randomly divided into four cohorts at a 2:2:2:1 ratio: (a) 20 μg Novaferon (Genova Biotech, Beijing, People's Republic of China, http://www.genovabiotech.net) injected twice per week, (b) 20 μg Novaferon injected 3 times per week, (c) 40 μg Novaferon injected 3 times per week, or (d) saline injected 3 times per week. The primary endpoint was overall survival. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in overall survival among the four cohorts. The 20-μg dose of Novaferon injected 3 times per week had the highest disease control rate (44.0%) at 6 weeks but without significant differences when compared with placebo (p = .159). Major adverse events with Novaferon were influenza-like symptoms, bone marrow suppression, liver dysfunction, and gastrointestinal discomfort. The level of natural killer cells increased and regulatory T cells decreased significantly after treatment with Novaferon, whereas levels in the placebo group remained the same. CONCLUSION:Novaferon showed moderate efficacy and was well tolerated in patients with mCRC, especially with the 20-μg dose injected 3 times per week. Furthermore, Novaferon might improve immune function of these patients.
    背景与目标:
  • 【牡荆中的Labdane型二萜类化合物及其抗病毒活性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1007/s11418-017-1125-2 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ban NK,Thoa NTK,Linh TM,Trang DT,Van Kiem P,Nhiem NX,Tai BH,Van Minh C,Song JH,Ko HJ,Kim SH
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of Vitex limonifolia leaves led to the isolation of three new labdane-type diterpenoids, vitexlimolides A-C (1-3) and eight known compounds, 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), vitecetin (5), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone (6), verrucosin (7), 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (8), euscaphlic acid (9), 18,19-seco, 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (10), and maslinic acid (11). Their chemical structures were elucidated by physical and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for antiviral activities against CVB3, HRV1B, and EV71 viruses. As a result, compounds 4 and 6 showed potent antiviral activity against CVB3 infection with IC50 values of 0.12 ± 0.06 and 1.86 ± 0.18 (µM), respectively.
    背景与目标: : 对牡荆叶片甲醇提取物的植物化学研究导致隔离出三种新的labdane型二萜类化合物,牡荆内酯A-C (1-3) 和八种已知化合物,5,4 '-dihydroxy-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮 (4),vitecetin (5),5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3 '-二甲氧基黄酮 (6),verrucosin (7),2α,3α-二羟基-urs-12-en-28-oic酸 (8),白沙糖酸 (9),18,19-seco,2α,3α-二羟基-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic (10) 和山糖油酸 (11)。通过物理和化学方法阐明了它们的化学结构。评估了所有化合物对CVB3,HRV1B和EV71病毒的抗病毒活性。结果,化合物4和6显示出针对CVB3感染的有效抗病毒活性,IC50值分别为0.12 ± 0.06和1.86 ± 0.18 (µ m)。
  • 【一种新型牛IFN-omega24的表征和抗病毒活性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.04.009 复制DOI
    作者列表:Luo X,Guo Y,Bao J,Liu Y,An D,Ma B,Gao M,Wang J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :A novel bovine interferon-ω (BoIFN-ω) gene, which encodes a protein of 195 amino acids with a 23-amino acid signal peptide, was amplified from bovine liver genomic DNA through PCR and named BoIFN-ω24 according to its position in the bovine genome. In this study, the recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and antiviral or antiproliferation activity was determined in vitro. Results showed that BoIFN-ω24 exhibits high antiviral activity, which can be abrogated using PAb against BoIFN-ω24, and inhibits cell proliferation. BoIFN-ω24 also presents high sensitivity to trypsin and stability at pH 2.0 or 65°C, which are typical characteristics of type I IFN. This study revealed that BoIFN-ω24 is a potential novel effective therapeutic agent and provided a basis for further research on the BoIFN-ω multigene family.
    背景与目标: : 通过PCR从牛肝基因组DNA中扩增出一个新的牛干扰素-ω (BoIFN-ω) 基因,该基因编码具有23个氨基酸信号肽的195个氨基酸的蛋白质,并根据其在牛基因组中的位置将其命名为BoIFN-ω24。在这项研究中,重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达,并在体外确定了抗病毒或抗增殖活性。结果表明,BoIFN-ω24具有很高的抗病毒活性,可以使用PAb消除BoIFN-ω24,并抑制细胞增殖。BoIFN-ω24还表现出对胰蛋白酶的高灵敏度和在pH 2.0或65 °C下的稳定性,这是I型IFN的典型特征。这项研究表明,BoIFN-ω24是一种潜在的新型有效治疗剂,并为进一步研究BoIFN-ω 多基因家族提供了基础。
  • 【多发性硬化症的抗病毒免疫活性与MRI活性相关。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1111/ane.12417 复制DOI
    作者列表:Latham LB,Lee MJ,Lincoln JA,Ji N,Forsthuber TG,Lindsey JW
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine whether reactivation of Epstein-Barr (EBV) or activation of the anti-EBV immune response correlates with MS disease activity on MR imaging. METHODS:Subjects with early, active relapsing-remitting MS were studied for 16 weeks with blood and saliva samples collected every 2 weeks and brain MRI performed every 4 weeks. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from each blood sample and tested the immune response to EBV, autologous EBV-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), varicella zoster virus (VZV), tetanus, and mitogens. We measured the proliferative response and the number of interferon-γ secreting cells with ELISPOT. We measured the amounts of EBV, HHV6, and VZV DNA in blood and saliva with quantitative PCR. On MRI, we measured number and volume of contrast enhancing and T2 lesions. We tested for correlation between the immunologic assays and the MRI results, assessing different time intervals between the MRI and immunologic assays. RESULTS:We studied 20 subjects. Ten had enhancing lesions on one or more MRI scans and one had new T2 lesions without enhancement. The most significant correlation was between proliferation to autologous LCL and the number of combined unique active lesions on MRI 4 weeks later. Both proliferation and number of cells secreting interferon-γ in response to LCL correlated with the number of enhancing lesions 8 weeks later. CONCLUSIONS:We find evidence for correlation of antiviral immune responses in the blood with subsequent disease activity on MRI scans.
    背景与目标:
  • 【定义NF-κ b在抗病毒反应中的新兴作用: 重新审视干扰素-β 增强体范式。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002165 复制DOI
    作者列表:Balachandran S,Beg AA
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: -2
    背景与目标: -2
  • 【蓝桉果实中抗病毒成分的肠通透性。在Caco-2细胞模型中。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.11.021 复制DOI
    作者列表:Yang XW,Guo QM,Wang Y,Xu W,Tian L,Tian XJ
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The uptake and transepithelial transport of the three main constituents macrocarpal A (M-A), macrocarpal B (M-B), and cypellocarpa C (Cy-C) from the fruits of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. were investigated. Monolayers of the human intestinal epithelial cancer cell line Caco-2 were incubated with M-A, M-B, and Cy-C to model its intestinal absorption and transport, respectively. The determination of compounds was performed by HPLC. The apparent permeability coefficients (P(app)) for M-A, M-B, and Cy-C in the apical-to-basolateral direction of a Caco-2 monolayer were (1.70+/-0.06)x10(-6), (1.99+/-0.10)x10(-6), and (6.08+/-0.41)x10(-6)cm/s, respectively. In the presence of iodoacetamide, the P(app) of Cy-C were both reducted in apical-to-basolateral and basolateral-to-apical directions. M-A and M-B appear to accumulate in the epithelial cells. The intestinal absorption of M-A, M-B, and Cy-C was passive diffusion as the dominating process and Cy-C was partly ATP-dependent.
    背景与目标: : 桉树果实中三种主要成分大腕A (m-a),大腕B (m-b) 和cypellocarpa C (cy-c) 的吸收和跨上皮运输。被调查。将人肠上皮癌细胞系Caco-2的单层分别与m-a,m-b和cy-c孵育,以模拟其肠吸收和转运。化合物的测定通过HPLC进行。M-A、M-B和Cy-C在Caco-2单层的顶端至基底外侧方向的表观渗透系数 (P(app)) 为 (1.70 +/-0.06)x10(-6),(1.99 +/-0.10)x10(-6) 和 (6.08 +/-0.41)x10(-6)cm/s。在存在碘乙酰胺的情况下,Cy-C的P(app) 均在顶端至基底外侧和基底外侧至顶端方向上还原。M-a和m-b似乎积聚在上皮细胞中。M-A,M-B和Cy-C的肠道吸收是被动扩散的主要过程,而Cy-C部分依赖于ATP。
  • 【cis-vaccenic酸 (一种来自荚膜红假单胞菌的抗病毒物质) 以及不饱和脂肪酸和相关醇对T5噬菌体的灭活。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/0378-1097(91)90006-v 复制DOI
    作者列表:Hirotani H,Ohigashi H,Kobayashi M,Koshimizu K,Takahashi E
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :The antiviral extract from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata was purified and the predominant active component was defined as cis-vaccenic acid (Cl-8:1 delta 11) by gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Antiviral activities of unsaturated fatty acids and related alcohols against T5 phage were also tested. Among them, linoelaidic acid, oleic acid, and petroselenyl alcohol inactivated 98%, 53%, 67% of T5 phage at the concentration of 50 micrograms/ml, respectively.
    背景与目标: : 通过气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱分析,纯化了荚膜红假单胞菌的抗病毒提取物,并将主要活性成分定义为顺式疫苗酸 (Cl-8:1 delta 11)。还测试了不饱和脂肪酸和相关醇对T5噬菌体的抗病毒活性。其中,亚麻酸,油酸和石油硒醇分别以50微克/毫升的浓度灭活T5噬菌体的98%,53%,67%。
  • 【鸡 β 干扰素的表达、纯化及其抗病毒免疫活性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI:10.1016/j.pep.2012.04.014 复制DOI
    作者列表:Cai M,Zhu F,Shen P
    BACKGROUND & AIMS:
    背景与目标:
  • 【在鼠巨细胞病毒感染过程中,抗病毒抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Manischewitz JE,Quinnan GV Jr
    BACKGROUND & AIMS:
    背景与目标:
  • 【在抗病毒化疗中具有临床潜力的核苷类似物。几种胸苷和2 '-脱氧胞苷类似物5'-三磷酸对纯化的人 (α,β) 和单纯疱疹病毒 (1、2型) DNA聚合酶的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Ruth JL,Cheng YC
    BACKGROUND & AIMS:
    背景与目标:
  • 【抗病毒剂remantadine和金刚烷胺与脂质膜的相互作用以及对人红细胞曲率的影响。】 复制标题 收藏 收藏
    DOI: 复制DOI
    作者列表:Tverdislov VA,el-Karadagi S,Kharitonenkov IG,Glaser R,Donath E,Herrmann A,Lentzsch P,Donath J
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: :Surface potential difference, conductance, and elasticity changes of bilayer lipid membranes induced by the antivirus drugs amantadine and remantadine were measured. An influence on the human erythrocyte shape was shown. Both drugs are stomatocytogenic. The adsorption at the cytoplasmatic membrane was electrophoretically proved. The heat-induced vesiculation is partly inhibited. No microvesicles were observed. Instead, large tails which did not detach from the cell body were seen. The general conclusion is that these amphiphilic adamantane derivatives are membrane agents which modify membrane interaction processes, possibly by influencing the bending properties.
    背景与目标: : 测量了抗病毒药物金刚烷胺和remantadine引起的双层脂质膜的表面电位差,电导和弹性变化。显示了对人红细胞形状的影响。两种药物都是造口剂。电泳证明了在细胞质膜上的吸附。热诱导的囊泡被部分抑制。未观察到微泡。相反,看到了没有从细胞体上脱离的大尾巴。一般结论是,这些两亲性金刚烷衍生物是膜剂,可能通过影响弯曲性能来改变膜相互作用过程。

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