摘要

Abstract Background Recent evidence suggests that immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma is modulated by gut microbiota. Few studies have examined this phenomenon in humans, and none have incorporated metatranscriptomics, important for determining expression of metagenomic functions in the microbial community. Methods In melanoma patients undergoing immunotherapy, gut microbiome was characterized in pre-treatment stool using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenome sequencing (n = 27). Transcriptional expression of metagenomic pathways was confirmed with metatranscriptome sequencing in a subset of 17. We examined associations of taxa and metagenomic pathways with progression-free survival (PFS) using 500 × 10-fold cross-validated elastic-net penalized Cox regression. Results Higher microbial community richness was associated with longer PFS in 16S and shotgun data (p 

译文

摘要背景最近的证据表明，黑色素瘤的免疫治疗效果是由肠道菌群调节的。很少有研究在人类中检验这种现象，也没有研究纳入元转录组学，这对于确定微生物群落中宏基因组功能的表达很重要。方法在接受免疫治疗的黑素瘤患者中，使用 16S rRNA 基因和鸟枪法宏基因组测序 (n =-27) 在治疗前粪便中表征肠道微生物。元基因组途径的转录表达在 17 个子集的元基因组测序中得到确认。我们使用 500 × 10 倍交叉验证的弹性净惩罚 Cox 回归检查了分类群和宏基因组通路与无进展生存期 (PFS) 的关联。结果在 16S 和鸟枪法数据中，较高的微生物群落丰富度与较长的 PFS 相关 (p ¼