儿科
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
tympanosclerosis 英/tɪmpənəʊsklɪə'rəʊsɪs/ 美/tɪmpənoʊsklɪə'roʊsɪs/
释 义 n. [医]鼓膜硬化
例 句 Long-term effect of stapes surgery on tympanosclerosis.镫骨手术治疗鼓室硬化症远期疗效观察
概述
概述
鼓室硬化可发生于鼓室的任一部位,指的是中耳黏膜下层或鼓膜固有层的结缔组织出现骨化病变、钙质沉着以及透明样变性的病症。当前,鼓室硬化以手术治疗为主,但其病理过程却难以阻止。而对于引起鼓室硬化的病因以及发病机制,学者看法不一,但一致认为与遗传、高钙血症、分泌性中耳炎鼓膜切开置管术、免疫、感染炎症等因素有关。
临床分型
目前常用分型为I型鼓膜硬化型,Ⅱ型锤砧固定型,Ⅲ型镫骨固定型,Ⅳ型全鼓室硬化型。该方法没有单独对上鼓室和鼓岬区硬化进行分类。极少数合并有胆脂瘤的临床表现及治疗方法同胆脂瘤型中耳炎,归为胆脂瘤型中耳炎。
治疗
手术治疗是目前治疗鼓室硬化的主要措施,目的是清除影响听力的病灶,重建听力。鼓室硬化的手术处理是鼓室成形术,如何根据病情制定鼓室成形术的方案直接影响到治疗的效果。对于各种原因不能手术的,如年龄较大有混合性聋不愿手术者可考虑佩戴助听器。
倍他司汀治疗梅尼埃病患者的疗效和安全性: 一项长期、多中心、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、剂量定义试验 (BEMED试验) 的主要结果
发表时间:2016-01-01
影响指数:27.6
作者: Adrion Christine
期刊:BMJ
Compared with placebo, attack rate ratios were 1.036 (95% confidence interval 0.942 to 1.140) and 1.012 (0.919 to 1.114) for low dose and high dose betahistine, respectively. The overall monthly attack rate fell significantly by the factor 0.758 (0.705 to 0.816; P<0.001). The population based, mean monthly incidence averaged over the assessment period was 2.722 (1.304 to 6.309), 3.204 (1.345 to 7.929), and 3.258 (1.685 to 7.266) for the placebo, low dose betahistine, and high dose betahistine groups, respectively. Results were consistent for all secondary outcomes. Treatment was well tolerated with no unexpected safety findings. Without a control group of patients who did not receive any intervention to follow the natural course of the disease, the placebo effect could not be accurately assessed and differentiated from spontaneous remission and fluctuation of symptoms.
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