儿科
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
sinusitis 英 /ˌsaɪnəˈsaɪtɪs/ 美 /ˌsaɪnəˈsaɪtɪs/
释义 n. [口腔] 窦炎
例句 Inhaling steam that contains eucalyptus or sage is an excellent remedy for respiratory problems,including chest congestion, bronchitis, bronchial cough and sinusitis.
吸入桉树或鼠尾草的蒸汽,是治疗呼吸疾病,包括胸闷、支气管炎、鼻窦炎等极好的方法。
概述
概述
上呼吸道感染中约有0.5%~5%可并发鼻窦炎,在儿童尤为如此。儿童平均每年约感冒6~8次,因而发生急性或慢性复发性鼻窦炎可能性较大。此外,儿童鼻窦炎亦不是一个孤立的疾病,常伴有腺样体病变、变应性疾病、慢性中耳炎和哮喘等。因此,正确诊断和治疗儿童鼻窦炎十分重要。
发病机理
①全身性疾病,如上呼吸道感染、变应性疾病或免疫性疾病引起粘膜肿胀;
②分泌液性质的改变,如纤维囊性变;
③纤毛功能障碍,如原发性纤毛运动障碍或获得性纤毛功能障碍;
④面部损伤、肿胀或药物所致的鼻腔粘膜局部损害;
⑤解剖畸形所致的机械性阻塞,如鼻窦发育不全、中鼻甲反向弯曲、中隔偏曲、后鼻孔闭锁等。
治疗
无并发症的儿童慢性或复发性鼻窦炎的治疗策略应分三步:首先采用抗生素治疗;其次可辅以腺样体切除术;最后才采取鼻窦手术。手术应选择功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术。抗生素的应用以口服为主,鉴于慢性鼻窦炎一般以葡萄球菌和呼吸道厌氧菌感染为主,一线药物为Amoxicilline、TMPSMX,同时还可辅以鼻腔盐溶液灌洗、雾化吸入等局部治疗,抗生素治疗疗程要足够。
Adenoidal Disease and Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Children-Is there a Link?复制标题
儿童腺样体疾病与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎有联系吗?
发表时间:2019-09-23
影响指数:5.7
作者: Bulfamante Antonio Mario
期刊:J Clin Med
Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is an extremely common condition in the pediatric and adolescent populations that can lead to various medical conditions, including acute rhinosusitis, with a percentage of these progressing to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The relationship between AH and pediatric CRS has been extensively studied over the past few years and clinical consensus on the treatment has now been reached, allowing this treatment to become the preferred clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to review existing literature and data on the relationship between AH and CRS and the options for treatment.
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