儿科
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
amebic 英 /ə'mi:bik/ 美 /ə'mi:bik/
释 义 adj. 阿米巴的;变形虫的
例 句 Amebic dysentery is B type infectious disease legally. 阿米巴痢疾为法定乙类传染病。
liver 英 /ˈlɪvə(r)/ 美 /ˈlɪvər/
释 义 n. 肝脏;生活者,居民
例 句 They also found particles in the liver cells of patients with hepatitis. 他们在肝炎病人的肝细胞也发现了这种微粒。
abscess 英 /ˈæbses/ 美 /ˈæbses/
释 义 n. 脓肿;脓疮
vi. 形成脓肿
例 句 In children, it is important to consider the maximum doses of local anesthetics when performing alaceration repair or painful procedure like abscess drainage. 对于儿童来说,在做撕裂伤的修复或象脓肿引流这样痛苦的操作时,一定要考虑到局麻药的最大剂量。
概述
概述
阿米巴肠病常并发阿米巴肝脓肿,国内临床资料约占1.8~10%,亦有高达46%者,国外尸检材料为10~59%。近年由于有效的药物与必要时加用准确超声导引下抽脓,病情已不难控制。起病较缓慢,病情较长,可有高热,不规则发热,盗汗。
临床表现
症状本病的发展过程一般比较缓慢,急性阿米巴肝炎期较短暂。继之为较长时期的慢性期。主要为发热,肝区疼痛及肝肿大。体温多持续在38~39℃,常为弛张热或间歇热;在肝脓肿后期,体温可正常或低热。如继发细菌感染,体温可达40℃以上,伴有畏寒、多汗、食欲不振、腹胀,恶心、呕吐,甚至腹泻、痢疾等症状。病人常伴体重减轻,衰弱乏力、消瘦、贫血等,约10%~15%出现轻度黄疸。
体征肝区有明显叩击痛,较大的右肝脓肿可出现右下胸部膨隆,肋间饱满,局部皮肤水肿与压痛,肋间隙增宽。肝右下脓肿时可见右上腹膨隆,有压痛,右上腹肌紧张或扪及包块。少数病人可出现胸水。
诊断
发病前曾有痢疾或腹泻史,然后有发热、肝痛、肝大,大便找到阿米巴滋养体,超声显像示肝内有边界不很清晰的液性占位,再加上穿刺或得典型的巧克力样脓液,则可诊断。
阿米巴肠病常并发阿米巴肝脓肿,国内临床资料约占很大一部分。诊断发病前曾有痢疾或腹泻史,然后有发热、肝痛、肝大,大便找到阿米巴滋养体,超声显像示肝内有边界不很清晰的液性占位,再加上穿刺或得典型的巧克力样脓液,则可诊断。
治疗
阿米巴性肝脓肿病程长,消耗大,病人全身情况差,常有贫血和营养不良,在治疗上应给高碳水化合物、高蛋白、高维生素和低脂肪饮食,纠正贫血,同时给予抗生素治疗。最重要的是用抗阿米巴药物治疗,并结合穿刺抽脓,必要时采用外科治疗。
北印度急性感染性和慢性炎症性胃肠道疾病的肠道菌群多样性
发表时间:2016-07-15
影响指数:5.1
作者: Kedia Saurabh
期刊:J Gastroenterol
The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh +ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and controls.
译文