神经
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
selective 英 [sɪˈlektɪv] 美 [sɪˈlektɪv]
释 义 adj. 选择性的;讲究的;有选择地;有选择性地;仔细挑选地
例 句 Be selective about how you use your time and what you focus on. 有选择性地使用你的时间和专注你需要的事物。
serotonin 英 [ˌserəˈtəʊnɪn] 美 [ˌserəˈtoʊnɪn]
释 义 n. 血清素;5-羟色胺(血管收缩素)
例 句 Some people had two "long" versions of the promoter gene (one inherited from each parent), acombination that reduces the amount of serotonin in the junctions between nerve cells. 有些人具有两个“长”版本的启动子基因(遗传自双亲),这种组合减少了神经细胞节中血清素的含量。
reuptake [ri'ʌp,tek]
释 义 v. 再摄取;再吸收
例 句 Large trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are being carried out in order to assess their effectiveness in reducing the above symptoms. 进行血液中特定复合胺再摄取抑制剂的大量实验从而评估对以上症状的减轻是否有效。
inhibitors
释 义 n. [助剂] 抑制剂;禁制因素,[化学] 抑制因子;阻止剂(inhibitor的复数)
例 句 If these would demonstrate that then there would be an even stronger rationale to use rennin inhibitors alone or in combination. 如果这一点得到证实的话,那么我们就会更有理由在单独用药和联合治疗中使用肾素抑制剂了。
概述
概述
5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的治疗作用是由于它们能够抑制突触前5-羟色胺能神经末梢对5-羟色胺的再摄取。主要有氟西汀、帕罗西汀、舍曲林、氟伏沙明、西酞普兰、艾司西酞普兰。不同SSRIs之间存在着很大差异。药物对其他神经递质系统也有作用,不同SSRIs对不同递质受体的亲和性、不同递质再摄取的抑制程度不同。
氟西汀
是一种强效选择性5-HT摄取抑制剂,比抑制NA摄取作用强200倍。氟西汀对肾上腺素受体、组胺受体、GABAβ受体、M受体、5-HT受体几乎亲和力。对抑郁症的疗效与TCAs相当。此外该药对强迫症、贪食症亦有疗效。
帕罗西汀
口服吸收良好,消除t1/2为21小时。为强效5-HT摄取抑制剂,增高突触间隙递质浓度而发挥治疗抑郁症的作用。该药已在我国临床应用,抗抑郁疗效与TCAs相当,而抗胆碱副作用、体重增加、对心脏影响及镇静等副作用较TCAs轻。停用时可出现停药反应,可能与该药的t1/2较短有关。
舍曲林
是一选择性抑制5-HT再摄取的抗抑郁药,可用于各类抑郁症的治疗,并对强迫症有效。主要不良反应为口于、恶心、腹泻、男性射精延迟、震颤、出汗等。该药与其他药物的相互作用临床资料不多,借鉴氟西汀的经验,禁与MAO抑制剂合用。
纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1 (PAI-1) 缺乏易患抑郁症和对治疗的抵抗
发表时间:2019-10-14
影响指数:5.9
作者: Hélène Party
期刊:Acta Neuropathol Commun
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most frequent psychiatric illnesses, leading to reduced quality of life, ability to work and sociability, thus ranking among the major causes of disability and morbidity worldwide. To date, genetic and environmental determinants of MDD remain mostly unknown. Here, we investigated whether and how the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may contribute to MDD. We first examined the phenotype of PAI-1 knockout (PAI-1-/-) and wild-type (PAI-1+/+) male mice with a range of behavioral tests assessing depressive-like behaviors (n = 276). We next investigated the mechanisms relating PAI-1 to MDD using molecular, biochemical and pharmacological analyzes. We demonstrate here that PAI-1 plays a key role in depression by a mechanism independent of the tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (tPA) - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) axis, but associated with impaired metabolisms of serotonin and dopamine. Our data also reveal that PAI-1 interferes with therapeutic responses to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (escitalopram, fluoxetine).
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