内分泌
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
Finasteride
释 义 n. 非那雄胺
例 句 Objective To establish the determination method of the assay and content uniformity for finasteride tablets by HPLC. 目的探讨用高效液相色谱法测定非那雄胺片的含量及含量均匀度。
概述
基本信息
主要用于治疗男性前列腺肥大或脱发，也可用于治疗毛发过度生长，也用于变性女性。它的副作用一般是轻微的，有些男人会出现性功能障碍，沮丧，焦虑或乳房增大。它也可能增加某些形式的前列腺癌的风险，非那雄胺是5α-还原酶抑制剂，因此可用来拮抗雄激素。
临床应用
非那雄胺治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH），也称为前列腺肥大。非那雄胺可能会改善与BPH相关的症状，如排尿困难，夜间起床排尿，排尿开始和结束时排尿困难以及尿流减少。有症状的益处主要见于前列腺体积＞40 cm3的患者。在长期研究中，非那雄胺可降低急性尿潴留的风险，但不能降低α-1抑制剂的风险。如果停药，则约6-8个月内任何治疗益处都会逆转。
非那雄胺还用于治疗男性的男性型秃发（雄激素性脱发），这种情况在高达80％的白人男性中存在。在美国，截至2017年，非那雄胺和米诺地尔是FDA批准的唯一两种用于治疗男性型脱发的药物。非那雄胺的治疗减缓了进一步的脱发，治疗六个月后，脱发率减少了大概30%，只要服用该药物，效果就会持续。服用非那雄胺导致头皮和血清DHT水平降低；通过降低头皮中DHT的水平，非那雄胺可以维持或增加头皮中的末梢毛发数量。毛发生长相，通过抑制甚至逆转毛囊的小型化来实现。非那雄胺在顶点上最有效，但可以减少头皮所有区域的脱发。非那雄胺经过测试，可以检测女性脱发的情况；但是，结果并不比安慰剂好。
已发现非那雄胺可有效治疗女性多毛症（面部和/或身体毛发过度生长）。在对89位因持续性肾上腺皮质综合征导致的高雄激素血症女性的研究中，非那雄胺治疗2年后面部多毛症减少了93%，身体多毛症减少了73%。使用非那雄胺用于多毛症的其他研究也发现它明显有效。
禁忌症
如果孕妇服用非那雄胺或暴露于非那雄胺药丸片段，则非那雄胺可导致男性胎儿先天性缺陷。它被归类为FDA怀孕类别X。当非那雄胺给予怀孕的恒河猴服用时，会引起雄性胎儿生殖器歧义，而在雌性胎儿中则未观察到异常。
Frontal fibrosing alopecia in Asians: a retrospective clinical study 
复制标题
亚洲人的额纤维性脱发: 一项回顾性临床研究
发表时间：2019-10-11
影响指数：1.8
作者： Poonkiat Suchonwanit
期刊：Int J Dermatol
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a distinctive form of primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia that predominantly affects postmenopausal women. Clinically, FFA presents with progressive recession of the frontotemporal hairline and inconsistent eyebrow or body hair loss. FFA is considered a variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP) based on its resembling histopathological features. The exact etiology of FFA is currently unknown and still inconclusive. There is no known epidemiological data regarding the incidence and prevalence of FFA. FFA was first described by Kossard in 1994 ; since then, an increasing number of reports have discussed FFA. The condition has mainly been reported in Caucasian women; however, it has also been reported in African, Hispanic, and Asian individuals, premenopausal women, and even men. Interestingly, the clinical presentations of FFA seem to vary among people of different ethnicities. The majority of African patients (73%) have reported premenopausal onset of FFA, while only 5–19% of Caucasian patients have reported premenopausal onset. Furthermore, asymptomatic facial papules have been seen in 14–20% of Caucasian patients but are less reported in African patients. On the contrary, the occurrence of FFA with facial hyperpigmentation is reported to be as high as 55% in Africans but is not frequently seen in Caucasians. Therefore, increasing evidence suggests that the clinical manifestations of FFA may vary depending on ethnic background. FFA is thought to be less common in Asians, and only a few case reports and series have been published. Currently, there is a paucity of information regarding FFA in Asians. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the demographic data, clinical characteristics, trichoscopic features, and treatment outcomes of FFA patients in the Asian population.
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