呼吸
词汇介绍
拓展阅读
解析
Airway 英 [ˈɛːweɪ] 美 [ˈɛrweɪ]
释 义 n.气管;航路;空中航线;导气管;通风道;航空公司
例 句 Airway abnormalities seen in the study were due to inflammatory changes, researchers said. 研究人员说,这项研究中所见的呼吸道异常是由于炎症变化引起的。
microbiome
释 义 微生物组,微生物群系
例 句 Number of observed orthologous groups in each caecal microbiome are similar. 每个盲肠菌群中观察到的同源群数是相似的。
概述
概述
研究证实,健康成人下呼吸道存在微生物,且微生物种类多种多样,如细菌“门”类有:拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、防线菌门及梭杆菌门。细菌属类有:普氏菌属、韦永氏球菌氏、链球菌属及假单胞菌属。不同疾病中,气道菌群结构存在差异。
健康人上下呼吸道微生物组学存在差异
健康人下呼吸道细菌种类和上呼吸道最为相似,但是相对丰度略有差别。以“门”为分类起点,健康人的下呼吸道细菌门类主要包括:拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门及变形菌门。最主要的细菌属类包括普氏菌属、韦永氏球菌属、链球菌属及假单胞菌属。
下呼吸道不同部位微生态是否存在差异
一项研究对15名健康人肺部5个不同部位采用保护毛刷与支气管肺泡灌洗取样,结果显示,不同部位肺生物组学无差异。
下呼吸道微生物与免疫相互作用
免疫细胞直接识别气道共生的细菌;肠道细菌产物及代谢物对免疫细胞产生识别作用;DC细胞和T细胞对肺免疫有一定的影响。
稳定期慢阻肺呼吸道呼吸道微生态?
研究显示,稳定期慢阻肺患者呼吸道微生态包括链球菌属、放线菌属、奈瑟氏菌、嗜血杆菌、罗氏菌属、梭菌属、孪生球菌、毗邻颗粒链菌、卟啉单胞菌属、普氏菌属、韦永氏球菌属、肠杆菌属。
哮喘患者下呼吸道微生态
哮喘患者微生物种类及浓度均较正常人高,下呼吸道的微生态与气道的高反应性呈正相关。
囊性纤维化与微生态
研究显示,囊性肺纤维化患者急性加重前后痰液内菌群量无明显变化,囊性肺纤维化急性加重期较稳定期痰液内菌群多样性无明显差异。
肺癌患者肺组织微生态
研究显示,非肺癌组织与肺癌组织微生态有显著差异。鳞癌与腺癌有明显的差异。肺癌患者与健康人下呼吸道菌群对比研究显示,肺癌组和健康组检出细菌数量存在显著差异。
抗生素治疗前后菌群变化
静脉抗生素治疗前后,血液菌群变化不明显,而大气道菌群变化明显。
与儿童哮喘自然病程相关的上呼吸道菌群不同功能基因
发表时间:2018-03-21
影响指数:6.8
作者: Bong-Soo Kim
期刊:Allergy
Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease accompanied by chronic inflammation of the airway. Since healthcare costs for asthmatic patients are rising, mainly due to the severity and/or persistence of the disease,identifying the phenotype and the underlying pathophysiology is essential. The natural history of childhood asthma reveals individual diversity.The previous studies identified several factors that increase the risk of persistent wheezing in children, some factors still need to be clarified.Atopy might affect the persistence of troublesome asthma,and progression of early airway inflammation to the substantial airway remodeling observed in those with persistent asthma may be explained by differences in inflammatory pathways.The airway microbiome might play a role in airway remodeling in children through various immune and inflammatory pathways, there by affecting the natural course of asthma.Therefore, identifying the role of the airway microbiome and its associated pathways might facilitate the development of novel therapeutics or prognositics that could help alter disease course.
译文