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词汇介绍
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解析
bronchography /brɔŋ'kɔɡrəfi/
释 义 n. [特医] 支气管造影(术)
例 句 Bronchiectasis were demonstrated in 18 cases with 55 segments on CCT, the lesion detecting rate of CCT was lower than both bronchography and HRCT(P<0 05). 常规CT有18例发现病变,检出病变肺段数为55个,其病变检出率明显低于HRCT和支气管造影术。
概述
相关疾病
鼻旁窦支气管综合征,Kartagener综合征,小儿先天性肺囊肿,小儿原发性纤毛运动障碍,小儿单侧肺异常透亮综合征,急性气管-支气管炎,气管支气管异物,喘息样支气管炎,小儿支气管扩张,小儿纵隔压迫综合征。
参考范围
正常造影表现:各叶段支气管分支由粗变细,分级清楚,分布正常,管壁光滑,充盈均匀并容易充盈至远端。两侧支气管阴影对称。
临床意义
支气管造影术的适用症范围有:(1) 先天或后天性支气管和肺的疾患,如支气管扩张、支气管和肺部肿瘤、机化性肺炎、慢性肺脓肿以及肺不张等。(2) 原因不明的长期咳嗽或咯血。(3) 反复发作的肺炎,尤其是反复发生在同一部位的肺炎。(4) 单侧肺门增大、性质不能肯定者。(5) 慢性空洞或囊肿的鉴别诊断。(6) 局限性肺气肿或肺不张。检查结果分析:(1) 若支气管充盈后粗细不均且有局部下周或扩张,支气管固定僵硬、聚拢扭曲,造影剂排空延迟,常见于支气管扩张。(2) 若有局部支气管狭窄或阻塞或有管腔的压迫变形,多见于肿瘤、外伤、异物、结核或炎症。(3) 管壁不规则,造影剂突出管壁,可能是支气管胸膜瘘、食管瘘。
Dual antibiotics for bronchiectasis复制标题
双抗生素治疗支气管扩张
发表时间:2018-06-11
影响指数:7.8
作者: Felix Lambert M.
期刊:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterised by abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the smaller airways and associated with a mortality rate greater than twice that of the general population. Antibiotics serve as front-line therapy for managing bacterial load, but their use is weighed against the development of antibiotic resistance. Dual antibiotic therapy has the potential to suppress infection from multiple strains of bacteria, leading to more successful treatment of exacerbations, reduced symptoms, and improved quality of life. Further evidence is required on the efficacy of dual antibiotics in terms of management of exacerbations and extent of antibiotic resistance. We searched for randomised controlled trials comparing dual antibiotics versus a single antibiotic for short-term (< 4 weeks) or long-term management of bronchiectasis diagnosed in adults and/or children by bronchography, plain film chest radiography, or high-resolution computed tomography. Primary outcomes included exacerbations, length of hospitalisation, and serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes were response rates, emergence of resistance to antibiotics, systemic markers of infection, sputum volume and purulence, measures of lung function, adverse events/effects, deaths, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life. We did not apply outcome measures as selection criteria.
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