BACKGROUND:Gender differences in kinematics during running have been speculated to be a contributing factor to the lower extremity injury rate disparity between men and women. Specifically, increased non-sagittal motion of the pelvis and hip has been implicated; however it is not known if this difference exists under a variety of locomotion conditions. The purpose of this study was to characterize gender differences in gait kinematics and muscle activities as a function of speed and surface incline and to determine if lower extremity anthropometrics contribute to these differences. METHODS:Whole body kinematics of 34 healthy volunteers were recorded along with electromyography of muscles on the right lower limb while each subject walked at 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8m/s and ran at 1.8, 2.7, and 3.6m/s with surface inclinations of 0%, 10%, and 15% grade. Joint angles and muscle activities were compared between genders across each speed-incline condition. Pelvis and lower extremity segment lengths were also measured and compared. FINDINGS:Females displayed greater peak hip internal rotation and adduction, as well as gluteus maximus activity for all conditions. Significant interactions (speed-gender, incline-gender) were present for the gluteus medius and vastus lateralis. Hip adduction during walking was moderately correlated to the ratio of bi-trochanteric width to leg length. INTERPRETATION:Our findings indicate females display greater non-sagittal motion. Future studies are needed to better define the relationship of these differences to injury risk.

译文

背景:跑步运动学中的性别差异被认为是导致男女下肢损伤率差异悬殊的一个因素。特别是,骨盆和髋关节的非矢状运动增加了。然而,尚不清楚在各种运动条件下是否存在这种差异。这项研究的目的是表征步态运动和肌肉活动中的性别差异与速度和表面倾斜的关系,并确定下肢人体测量学是否有助于这些差异。
方法:记录34名健康志愿者的全身运动学,并记录右下肢肌肉的肌电图,每个受试者以1.2、1.5和1.8m / s的速度行走,并以表面倾斜度分别以1.8、2.7和3.6m / s的速度跑步0%,10%和15%等级。在每种速度倾斜状态下,对性别之间的关节角度和肌肉活动进行了比较。还测量并比较了骨盆和下肢节段的长度。
结果:在所有情况下,女性均表现出更大的峰值髋关节内部旋转和内收以及臀大肌活动。中臀肌和股外侧肌存在重要的相互作用(速度性别,倾斜性别)。步行过程中的髋关节内收与双转子粗大宽度与腿长之比适度相关。
解释:我们的发现表明女性表现出更大的非矢状运动。需要进一步研究以更好地定义这些差异与伤害风险之间的关系。

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