We obtained original individual data from 15 studies of magnetic fields or wire codes and childhood leukemia, and we estimated magnetic field exposure for subjects with sufficient data to do so. Summary estimates from 12 studies that supplied magnetic field measures exhibited little or no association of magnetic fields with leukemia when comparing 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 microtesla (microT) categories with the 0-0.1 microT category, but the Mantel-Haenszel summary odds ratio comparing >0.3 microT to 0-0.1 microT was 1.7 (95% confidence limits = 1.2, 2.3). Similar results were obtained using covariate adjustment and spline regression. The study-specific relations appeared consistent despite the numerous methodologic differences among the studies. The association of wire codes with leukemia varied considerably across studies, with odds ratio estimates for very high current vs low current configurations ranging from 0.7 to 3.0 (homogeneity P = 0.005). Based on a survey of household magnetic fields, an estimate of the U.S. population attributable fraction of childhood leukemia associated with residential exposure is 3% (95% confidence limits = -2%, 8%). Our results contradict the idea that the magnetic field association with leukemia is less consistent than the wire code association with leukemia, although analysis of the four studies with both measures indicates that the wire code association is not explained by measured fields. The results also suggest that appreciable magnetic field effects, if any, may be concentrated among relatively high and uncommon exposures, and that studies of highly exposed populations would be needed to clarify the relation of magnetic fields to childhood leukemia.

译文

:我们从15项磁场或电码和儿童白血病研究中获得了原始的个人数据,并估计了具有足够数据的受试者的磁场暴露量。比较提供0.1-0.2和0.2-0.3 microtesla(microT)类别与0-0.1 microT类别时,提供磁场测量的12项研究的汇总估计显示磁场与白血病几乎没有关联,但Mantel-Haenszel汇总优势比是将> 0.3 microT与0-0.1 microT进行比较为1.7(95%置信限= 1.2、2.3)。使用协变量调整和样条回归获得相似的结果。尽管研究之间在方法上存在许多差异,但特定于研究的关系似乎是一致的。在不同的研究中,导线代码与白血病之间的关联差异很大,极高电流与低电流配置的比值比估计值范围为0.7至3.0(均匀度P = 0.005)。根据对家庭磁场的调查,估计美国居民归因于居民暴露的儿童白血病的比例为3%(95%置信度= -2%,8%)。我们的结果与磁场与白血病的关联性不如电线编码与白血病的关联性相矛盾,尽管对这两种措施的四项研究的分析表明,电线编码的关联性并未由实测场解释。结果还表明,如果有的话,可能会有明显的磁场效应集中在相对较高和不常见的接触中,因此需要对高度接触的人群进行研究,以阐明磁场与儿童白血病的关系。

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